A method is provided for thermally processing waste to produce steam and generate energy while minimizing air pollutants in a staged thermal reactor. The method includes gasifying the waste to convert the waste to a fuel gas and a substantially carbon free, inert, granulated, sintered mineral ash and reforming the fuel gas auto-thermally to minimize creation of nitrogen oxide when the fuel gas is combusted. The method further includes burning the reformed fuel gas to minimize creation of nitrogen oxide in a flame region of a fuel gas burner and recirculating cooled flue gas to control oxygen content and temperature during the reforming operation and the burning operation. In one example, reforming the fuel gas converts non-molecular nitrogen species into molecular nitrogen in an auto-thermal non-catalytic reformer unit by decomposition reactions promoted by a prevailing reducing gas atmosphere.

A method is provided for thermally processing waste to produce steam and generate energy while minimizing air pollutants in a staged thermal reactor. The method includes gasifying the waste to convert the waste to a fuel gas and a substantially carbon free, inert, granulated, sintered mineral ash and reforming the fuel gas auto-thermally to minimize creation of nitrogen oxide when the fuel gas is combusted. The method further includes burning the reformed fuel gas to minimize creation of nitrogen oxide in a flame region of a fuel gas burner and recirculating cooled flue gas to control oxygen content and temperature during the reforming operation and the burning operation. In one example, reforming the fuel gas converts non-molecular nitrogen species into molecular nitrogen in an auto-thermal non-catalytic reformer unit by decomposition reactions promoted by a prevailing reducing gas atmosphere.

There is provided a combustible waste injection device and a method for operating the same which can suppress a landing combustion of a combustible waste and suppress excessive change of a flame state from a cement kiln burner even if a rate of using the combustible waste fluctuates. A combustible waste injection device according to the present invention has a combustible waste flow channel which is arranged in an inner side of the air flow channel in an innermost shell, is installed in parallel to an axial direction of the cement kiln burner device and is provided for flow feeding a combustible waste flow, and the combustible waste flow channel has an inclined surface having a rising slope toward the injection port near the injection port in such a manner that a flow channel width in a vertical direction is narrowed toward the injection port.

There is provided a combustible waste injection device and a method for operating the same which can suppress a landing combustion of a combustible waste and suppress excessive change of a flame state from a cement kiln burner even if a rate of using the combustible waste fluctuates. A combustible waste injection device according to the present invention has a combustible waste flow channel which is arranged in an inner side of the air flow channel in an innermost shell, is installed in parallel to an axial direction of the cement kiln burner device and is provided for flow feeding a combustible waste flow, and the combustible waste flow channel has an inclined surface having a rising slope toward the injection port near the injection port in such a manner that a flow channel width in a vertical direction is narrowed toward the injection port.

A pyrolysis waste-to-energy conversion system has a muffle furnace housing a rotating retort drum within the furnace and having an inlet sleeve and an outlet sleeve extending through inlet and outlet ends of the muffle furnace. A rotating retort drum drive applies rotary drive to the inlet rotating retort drum sleeves and an in-feed auger is within a tube within the inlet sleeve. An out-feed auger is within a tube within the outlet sleeve and arranged to deliver char and pyrolysis syngas to a char processing system and a syngas processing system. The inlet sleeve and said outlet sleeve are arranged to provide a gas seal to prevent air ingress or syngas egress to and from the rotating retort drum. A gas cleaning system has a cracking tower arranged to retain inlet gas at an elevated temperature for a residence time, and a gas quench and scrubber system.

A pyrolysis waste-to-energy conversion system has a muffle furnace housing a rotating retort drum within the furnace and having an inlet sleeve and an outlet sleeve extending through inlet and outlet ends of the muffle furnace. A rotating retort drum drive applies rotary drive to the inlet rotating retort drum sleeves and an in-feed auger is within a tube within the inlet sleeve. An out-feed auger is within a tube within the outlet sleeve and arranged to deliver char and pyrolysis syngas to a char processing system and a syngas processing system. The inlet sleeve and said outlet sleeve are arranged to provide a gas seal to prevent air ingress or syngas egress to and from the rotating retort drum. A gas cleaning system has a cracking tower arranged to retain inlet gas at an elevated temperature for a residence time, and a gas quench and scrubber system.

Systems and methods for processing a waste stream for feeding into a thermal unit performing an airless or oxygen starved incineration process like pyrolysis. Embodiments comprise an inlet hopper for receiving a waste stream, an inlet hopper lid, a slide gate that when closed forms the base of the inlet hopper and when open allows the waste stream to pass into an intermediate hopper, a ram body that when closed forms the base of the intermediate hopper and when open allows the waste stream to pass into a ram cylinder, a crusher plate on the front face of the ram body, a ram for driving the ram body and its crusher plate forward into the waste within the cylinder, a compactor cone comprising teeth for splitting, and an outlet through which the crushed and split waste stream exits the system into a thermal unit.

A rotary furnace comprises a roller (2), a feeding end of the roller (2) being higher than a discharge end of the roller (2), and also comprises: a feeding device (1), communicated with the feeding end of the roller (2) in a way of rotary seal; a discharge device (6), communicated with the discharge end of the roller (2) in a way of rotary seal; a driving device, arranged outside the roller (2) and used for driving the roller (2) to make reciprocating oscillation around the rotating axis thereof; a support device, arranged outside the roller (2) and used for rotating and supporting the roller (2); a control device, connected to the driving device by a lead and used for controlling the radian of the reciprocating oscillation of the roller (2). A roller (2) only oscillates at a certain radian and does not rotate along the single direction, such that a device or a pipeline used for fabrication processing can be arranged on the outer wall of the roller (2); and furthermore, the oscillation of the roller (2) is not limited, which is beneficial to the treatment such as heating, cooling and reacting for materials.

A rotary furnace comprises a roller (2), a feeding end of the roller (2) being higher than a discharge end of the roller (2), and also comprises: a feeding device (1), communicated with the feeding end of the roller (2) in a way of rotary seal; a discharge device (6), communicated with the discharge end of the roller (2) in a way of rotary seal; a driving device, arranged outside the roller (2) and used for driving the roller (2) to make reciprocating oscillation around the rotating axis thereof; a support device, arranged outside the roller (2) and used for rotating and supporting the roller (2); a control device, connected to the driving device by a lead and used for controlling the radian of the reciprocating oscillation of the roller (2). A roller (2) only oscillates at a certain radian and does not rotate along the single direction, such that a device or a pipeline used for fabrication processing can be arranged on the outer wall of the roller (2); and furthermore, the oscillation of the roller (2) is not limited, which is beneficial to the treatment such as heating, cooling and reacting for materials.

A method is provided for thermally converting non-radioactive combustible wastes to a substantially non-hazardous, non-leachable, sintered particulate carbon-less ash by-product in a kiln having a plurality of reaction zones. The kiln including first and second ends and a body provided between the first and second ends that defines a cavity having a refractory lining that provides resistance to heat conduction. A processor and flow rate controllers are provided that control a flow rate through the body of waste that enters at the first end of the kiln and the flow rate of oxidant gas that enters at the second end of the kiln, the second end being opposite to the first end. The body may be positioned substantially horizontal and may include a length-to-diameter ratio and a resistance to heat conduction that provides a temperature gradient within the cavity to forms separate reaction zones during operation.