A burner capable of burning crude or other heavy oil. A combustion chamber is surrounded by a wall of thermal insulation. An air-fuel injector pipe extends through the wall and opens into the combustion chamber. An oil supply pipe extends along the interior of the air fuel injector pipe to an inner open end that is proximate the inner end of the air-fuel injector pipe. A venturi insert is fixed within the air-fuel injector pipe and has an orifice positioned outward of the open inner end of the oil supply pipe. A combustion air supply including a blower and a recuperator transfers heat from outgoing combusted exhaust gases to incoming combustion-supporting air being blown through the recuperator and the air fuel injector pipe into the combustion chamber.

Apparatus and methods for debinding articles. The apparatus and methods may transform binder from furnace exhaust before the exhaust is discharged to the atmosphere. The apparatus may include a furnace retort and a reactor. The furnace retort may be configured to: exclude ambient air; and receive a carrier gas. The reactor may be configured to: receive from the retort (a) the carrier gas and (b) material removed in the retort from the article; and combust, at a temperature no greater than 750 C., the material. The material may be decomposed binder. The material may be hydrocarbon from binder that is pyrolyzed in the retort. The carrier gas may include gas that is nonflammable gas.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for modulating a solid-fuel-based combustion process. A current instantaneous heat release for a solid-fuel-based heat generator is determined at a virtual sensor. The current instantaneous heat release is compared to a current firing rate demand. When the current instantaneous heat release does not correspond to the current firing rate demand, an underfire air flow of the heat generator is adjusted.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for modulating a solid-fuel-based combustion process. A current instantaneous heat release for a solid-fuel-based heat generator is determined at a virtual sensor. The current instantaneous heat release is compared to a current firing rate demand. When the current instantaneous heat release does not correspond to the current firing rate demand, an underfire air flow of the heat generator is adjusted.

A system for flare combustion control includes a sound speed measurement device for measuring sound speed in a flare vent gas, and a flare combustion controller including a memory and a processor. The processor is configured to receive the measured sound speed and determine, based on the measured sound speed, a molecular weight of the flare vent gas. The processor is further configured to determine, based on the determined molecular weight, a net heating value of the flare vent gas, and adjust the net heating value of the flare vent gas by regulating an amount of a supplemental fuel gas in the flare vent gas.

Apparatus and methods for debinding articles. The apparatus and methods may transform binder from furnace exhaust before the exhaust is discharged to the atmosphere. The apparatus may include a furnace retort and a reactor. The furnace retort may be configured to: exclude ambient air; and receive a carrier gas. The reactor may be configured to: receive from the retort (a) the carrier gas and (b) material removed in the retort from the article; and combust, at a temperature no greater than 750? C., the material. The material may be decomposed binder. The material may be hydrocarbon from binder that is pyrolyzed in the retort. The carrier gas may include gas that is nonflammable gas.

A method for detecting a dioxin emission concentration of a municipal solid waste incineration process based on multi-level feature selection. A grate furnace-based MSWI process is divided into a plurality of sub-processes. A correlation coefficient value, a mutual information value and a comprehensive evaluation value between each of original input features of the sub-processes and the DXN emission concentration are obtained, thereby obtaining first-level features. The first-level features are selected and statistically processed by adopting a GAPLS-based feature selection algorithm and according to redundancy between different features, thereby obtaining second-level features. Third-level features are obtained according to the first-level features and statistical results of the second-level features. A PLS algorithm-based DXN detection model is established based on model prediction performance and the third-level features. The obtained PLS algorithm-based DXN detection model is applied to detect the DXN emission concentration of the MSWI process.

The present invention provides a hospital waste plasma incinerator that has a following features. It is composed of a main body having an inlet and a cap for opening and closing the inlet, a pyrolysis incinerator for receiving the hospital waste that is disposed in the interior of the main body and connected with the inlet, a plasma flame generator installed inside the main body and generating a plasma flame toward the pyrolysis incinerator, a complete combustion device which is installed in the main body and completely burns the smoke and the odor generated due to the incineration with a plasma flame of 1,500 to 3,000 C., a complete combustion exhaust device connected to the complete combustion device to exhaust the combustion gas, and the cooling device for cooling the combustion gas.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a flare control method and a flare apparatus for automatically controlling, in real-time, the flow of one or more of fuel, steam, and air to a flare. The disclosed embodiments advantageously allow for automated control over a wide spectrum of operating conditions, including emergency operations, and planned operations such as startup and shutdown.

Systems, apparatuses, methods, and computer products for segregating flaring and/or venting volumes are provided, including for segregating flaring and/or venting into one or more classifications using machine learning approaches. For example, a method may include receiving sensor data associated with a flare from at least a first sensor, determining a first gas volume of a first gas associated with the flare, and determining, via a machine learning process, one or more classifications of the flare based on the sensor data and the first gas volume. The classifications may be chosen from a set of classifications including routine flaring, non-routine flaring, and safety flaring.