A limestone supply device is provided for supplying calcium carbonate to an upstream of a desulfurization device and a heat exchanger disposed on an upstream of the desulfurization device on a flue gas duct through which flue gas discharged from a combustion engine in which a fuel burns flows. An air pollution control system having the limestone supply device is provided, including a calcium carbonate accumulate unit configured to accumulate calcium carbonate, a calcium carbonate transport unit configured to transport the calcium carbonate accumulated in the calcium carbonate accumulate unit, a calcium carbonate supply unit configured to supply the calcium carbonate transported by the calcium carbonate transport unit to the flue gas duct, and a moisture supply unit configured to supply moisture to a region to which the calcium carbonate is supplied by the calcium carbonate supply unit.

An integrated fuel combustion system with adsorptive gas separation separates a portion of carbon dioxide from a combustion gas mixture and provides for recycle of separated carbon dioxide to the intake of the fuel combustor for combustion. A process for carbon dioxide separation and recycle includes: admitting combustion gas to an adsorptive gas separation system contactor containing adsorbent material; adsorbing a portion of carbon dioxide; recovering a first product gas depleted in carbon dioxide for release or use; desorbing carbon dioxide from the adsorbent material and recovering a desorbed second product gas enriched in carbon dioxide for sequestration or use; admitting a conditioning fluid into the contactor and desorbing a second portion of carbon dioxide to recover a carbon dioxide enriched conditioning stream; and recycling a portion of the carbon dioxide enriched conditioning stream to an inlet of fuel combustor to pass through the fuel combustor for combustion.

Provided are: an NOx removal unit to remove nitrogen oxide; an air preheater on a downstream side of the NOx removal unit to recover heat; a precipitator on a downstream side of the air preheater to remove ash dust; a gas-liquid contact type desulfurization unit on a downstream side of the precipitator to remove sulfur oxide; an SO.sub.3 removing agent supply unit to supply an SO.sub.3 removing agent at a supply unit on an upstream side of the precipitator; and a wet state processing unit between the air preheater and the supply unit to supply water to a flue gas to be made into a wet state; the wet state processing unit having a stand-up portion, a partition unit and a droplet supply unit.

An automatic tuning control system and method for controlling air pollution control systems such as a dry flue gas desulfurization system is described. The automatic tuning control system includes one or more PID controls and one or more supervisory MPC controller layers. The supervisory MPC controller layers are operable for control of an air pollution control system and operable for automatic tuning of the air pollution control systems using particle swarm optimization through simulation using one or more dynamic models, and through control system tuning of each of the PID controls, MPC controller layers and an integrated MPC/PID control design.

The present application provides an air quality control system for cleaning a flue gas from a fluid catalytic cracking unit. The air quality control system may include a selective catalytic reduction system in communication with the flue gas to remove nitrogen oxides and a wet scrubber positioned downstream of the selective catalytic reduction system and in communication with the flue gas to remove sulfur oxides and particulates.

An integrated fuel combustion system with adsorptive gas separation separates a portion of carbon dioxide from a combustion gas mixture and provides for recycle of separated carbon dioxide to the intake of the fuel combustor for combustion. A process for carbon dioxide separation and recycle includes: admitting combustion gas to an adsorptive gas separation system contactor containing adsorbent material; adsorbing a portion of carbon dioxide; recovering a first product gas depleted in carbon dioxide for release or use; desorbing carbon dioxide from the adsorbent material and recovering a desorbed second product gas enriched in carbon dioxide for sequestration or use; admitting a conditioning fluid into the contactor and desorbing a second portion of carbon dioxide to recover a carbon dioxide enriched conditioning stream; and recycling a portion of the carbon dioxide enriched conditioning stream to an inlet of fuel combustor to pass through the fuel combustor for combustion.

The combustion and flue gas treatment system includes a furnace for combusting a fuel with an oxidizer generating a flue gas, ducting for the flue gas connected to a NO.sub.x removal unit and a SO.sub.x removal unit, and a recirculation line for recirculating a part of the flue gas back to the furnace. The SO.sub.x removal unit is located upstream of the NO.sub.x removal unit with reference to the flue gas flow. The recirculation line is connected to the ducting downstream the SO.sub.x removal unit.

The present invention relates generally to the field of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants, etc.) and, in particular to a new and useful method and apparatus for reducing or preventing the poisoning and/or contamination of an SCR catalyst. In another embodiment, the method and apparatus of the present invention is designed to protect the SCR catalyst. In still another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for increasing the service life and/or catalytic activity of an SCR catalyst while simultaneously controlling various emissions.

The air pollution control system including: a flue gas duct through which flue gas flows; a heat exchanger provided to the flue gas duct; a limestone supply device for reducing SO.sub.3 in the flue gas supplies CaCO.sub.3 to the flue gas flowing in an upstream of the heat exchanger; an upstream SO.sub.3 measurement device measures the SO.sub.3 in the flue gas flowing in a stream upper than a position where the limestone supply device supplies the CaCO.sub.3; and a control device determines a quantity supplied of the CaCO.sub.3 based on a relationship between a quantity of the SO.sub.3 measured by the upstream SO.sub.3 measurement device and a molar ratio of SO.sub.3 to CaCO.sub.3 and which supplies the determined quantity supplied of the CaCO.sub.3 from the limestone supply device to the flue gas duct.

A method and system for cost effectively converting a feedstock using thermal plasma, or other styles of gassifiers, into a feedwater energy transfer system. The feedstock can be any organic material, or fossil fuel. The energy transferred in the feedwater is converted into steam which is then injected into the low turbine of a combined cycle power plant. Heat is extracted from gas product issued by a gassifier and delivered to a power plant via its feedwater system. The gassifier is a plasma gassifier and the gas product is syngas. In a further embodiment, prior to performing the step of extracting heat energy, there is is provided the further step of combusting the syngas in an afterburner. An air flow, and/or EGR flow is provided to the afterburner at a rate that is varied in response to an operating characteristic of the afterburner. The air flow to the afterburner is heated.