A process for producing an analytical aid for the detection of at least one analyte in a sample, such as a body fluid. The analytical aid includes at least one housing and at least one test element including at least one test chemistry. The process includes the following steps: providing the test element; and producing at least one housing part of the housing using at least one shaping process, during which the test element is connected to the housing part.

A cooking appliance and method utilize a rotary burner control with a rotary control actuator, a position sensor, and an electronic burner control user interface to control an electromechanical valve unit that regulates gas flow to a gas burner.

The present disclosure addresses systems, media, and methods of configuring a heating system comprising a plurality of combustion-type heating devices fluidly coupled to a vent system. Configuring the heating system includes receiving operating pressure data from one or more pressure sensors in a flue of one of combustion-type heating devices and the vent system. The operating pressure data from the one or more pressure sensors is indicative of a pressure at a corresponding location in the vent system. Configuring the heating system further includes comparing the operating pressure data to stored operational pressure data indicative of operational pressure ranges indicative of permissible operating parameters associated with preventing backflow of flue gases into the one of combustion-type heating devices and outputting instructions for a damper to at least partially open or at least partially close based at least in part on the operating pressure data and the stored operational pressure data.

To calculate a probability of an optical sensor's irregular discharge, a light detection system includes an optical sensor, an application voltage generating circuit that applies a drive pulse voltage to the optical sensor, a discharge determining portion that detects the optical sensor's discharge, a discharge probability calculating portion that calculates a discharge probability in a first state in which light from an additional light source having a known light quantity is incident on the optical sensor or the additional light source is turned off, and in a second state in which the additional light source's turning-on/turning-off state is different from the first state and the drive pulse voltage's pulse width is the same as the first state, a sensitivity parameter storing portion that stores the optical sensor's sensitivity parameters, and another discharge probability calculating portion that calculates a discharge probability of the optical sensor's irregular discharge.

Magnet-thermocouple for the fail-safe safety supply of gas to burners or the like, in particular of fail-safe safety control for domestic cooking devices, comprises: at least one gas burner, which gas burner is connected to a gas supply source by flame-regulating means and by means of a safety valve driven by a flame presence sensor consisting of a thermocouple, said safety valve having an open condition, wherein said supply source supplied said burner, and a closed condition, wherein the gas passage is interrupted and wherein the thermocouple, in the presence of a flame, generates an electrical signal constituting the drive signal for the passage of said safety valve from an open condition to a closed condition, and vice-versa, of said safety valve, whereas a further drive signal generator and power supply of said safety valve is provided, for the temporary and alternative supply of the safety valve during the flame ignition step heating the thermocouple, to the temperature generating the drive signal. According to the invention, the signal generator and power supply comprise power limiters to limit the signal generated and an automatic deactivating unit whenever the power supply is overloaded for a predefined amount of time, the power necessary for the drive signal of the safety valve being greater than the one determined by the limiters.

The present disclosure addresses systems, media, and methods of configuring a heating system comprising a plurality of combustion-type heating devices fluidly coupled to a vent system. Configuring the heating system includes receiving operating pressure data from one or more pressure sensors in a flue of one of combustion-type heating devices and the vent system. The operating pressure data from the one or more pressure sensors is indicative of a pressure at a corresponding location in the vent system. Configuring the heating system further includes comparing the operating pressure data to stored operational pressure data indicative of operational pressure ranges indicative of permissible operating parameters associated with preventing backflow of flue gases into the one of combustion-type heating devices and outputting instructions for a damper to at least partially open or at least partially close based at least in part on the operating pressure data and the stored operational pressure data.

Various embodiments include a switching arrangement comprising: two processors; an OR gate; a first position feedback device; and a first switch. The a first switch. The OR gate output is connected to the first switch. The first processor is connected to the first input of the OR gate and the second processor is in operative communication with the OR gate via the second input of the OR gate; At least one of the processors sends a digital ON signal to the OR gate and the OR gate actuates the first switch on receipt thereof. The first position feedback device connects to both processors. The processors are interconnected and each programmed to: read a first position signal from the first position feedback device; send the first position signal to the other processor; compare the read signal to the received signal; and generate an error message if they do not match.

An electromagnetic valve has a magnetic coil and a movable element coupled to a valve element. The magnetic coil, when excited, conveys the movable element in one direction to move the valve element from its initial position into its active position. A control circuit for the electromagnetic valve has a current source for optionally supplying current to the magnetic coil and a measuring device for measuring a voltage level of the magnetic coil and/or a current level through the magnetic coil. A monitoring unit which is connected to the measuring device establishes a switching state of the electromagnetic valve corresponding to the position of its valve element based on the intended current supply state of the current source and the current and/or voltage characteristic measured by the measuring device and, if appropriate, determines a fault state of the current supply and/or the electromagnetic valve.

The present disclosure relates to a gas supply system for a flame module of a spectrometer and a method of controlling a flame module. The gas supply system comprises an oxidant gas supply line for providing a supply of oxidant gas, an oxidant gas flow valve for varying a gas flow rate of an oxidant gas in the oxidant gas supply line, an oxidant gas safety controller configured to control the oxidant gas flow valve, a fuel gas supply line for providing a supply of fuel gas, a fuel gas flow valve configured to control a gas flow rate of a fuel gas on the fuel gas supply line, and a fuel gas safety controller configured to control the fuel gas flow valve. During normal operation, the oxidant gas safety controller is configured to charge an energy storage circuit of the oxidant gas safety controller. In the event of a power failure, a first switch of the oxidant gas safety controller is configured to connect the energy storage circuit to the oxidant gas flow valve, wherein the energy storage circuit is configured to discharge energy to the oxidant gas flow valve to increase the oxidant gas flow rate in order to extinguish a flame of the flame module, and the fuel gas safety controller is configured to close the fuel gas flow valve.

A method for detecting a flame is provided. The method includes the step of providing alternating current to a flame rectification probe to produce a first voltage as an input for a sense circuit, wherein the flame rectification probe is placed in proximity to the flame. The method further includes the step of conditioning the first voltage using the sense circuit to produce a second voltage. Additionally, the method includes the steps of outputting the second voltage to a microcontroller, and determining with the microcontroller whether the flame is present based on a magnitude of the second voltage.