A system for determining the relative space heating energy contribution of different tenant spaces in a multiple tenant building that is heated via a central steam piping distribution system. A steam piping distribution system is connected to a central heat source such as a steam boiler plant or a local utility district steam service. The steam distribution system includes terminal units located throughout the building which deliver heat to different spaces. Data collected at regular intervals from sensors located throughout the building are analyzed by a computer in order to calculate the fraction of the overall building's steam use that is delivered to particular tenant spaces over a given interval in time.

Embodiments are disclosed of a radiator temperature control apparatus for controlling the heat output of a radiator. The radiator temperature control apparatus may include an airtight enclosure around the air outlet of the radiator air vent, an adjustable opening in the airtight enclosure controlled by an actuator, and a controller connected to the actuator. In operation, the controller can be configured to open the adjustable opening in the airtight enclosure allowing air in the radiator to be expelled through the adjustable opening, thereby allowing steam to enter the radiator, and heat the room. The controller can be configured to close the adjustable opening, stopping air from being expelled from the radiator, thereby stopping additional steam from entering the radiator.

Embodiments are disclosed of a radiator temperature control apparatus for controlling the heat output of a radiator. The radiator temperature control apparatus may include an airtight enclosure around the air outlet of the radiator air vent, an adjustable opening in the airtight enclosure controlled by an actuator, and a controller connected to the actuator. In operation, the controller can be configured to open the adjustable opening in the airtight enclosure allowing air in the radiator to be expelled through the adjustable opening, thereby allowing steam to enter the radiator, and heat the room. The controller can be configured to close the adjustable opening, stopping air from being expelled from the radiator, thereby stopping additional steam from entering the radiator.

Embodiments are disclosed of a radiator temperature control apparatus for controlling the heat output of a radiator. The radiator temperature control apparatus may include an airtight enclosure around the air outlet of the radiator air vent, an adjustable opening in the airtight enclosure controlled by an actuator, and a controller connected to the actuator. In operation, the controller can be configured to open the adjustable opening in the airtight enclosure allowing air in the radiator to be expelled through the adjustable opening, thereby allowing steam to enter the radiator, and heat the room. The controller can be configured to close the adjustable opening, stopping air from being expelled from the radiator, thereby stopping additional steam from entering the radiator.

Embodiments are disclosed of a radiator temperature control apparatus for controlling the heat output of a radiator. The radiator temperature control apparatus may include an airtight enclosure around the air outlet of the radiator air vent, an adjustable opening in the airtight enclosure controlled by an actuator, and a controller connected to the actuator. In operation, the controller can be configured to open the adjustable opening in the airtight enclosure allowing air in the radiator to be expelled through the adjustable opening, thereby allowing steam to enter the radiator, and heat the room. The controller can be configured to close the adjustable opening, stopping air from being expelled from the radiator, thereby stopping additional steam from entering the radiator.

A subatmospheric heating system refers to the field of heat power, namely energy-saving technologies and is designed for autonomous heating of residential, public, industrial buildings and greenhouses, livestock farms, etc.

For highly efficient transfer of heat flow from the heat energy source, a vacuum-steam method of heat transfer is used in an environment with adjustable depth of dilution with separate condensate return and vacuuming devices, with the possibility of mounting the heat point in either the basement, floor and roof variants. The reliability of the system is ensured by its safe and uninterrupted operation, and in the case of an unsatisfactory level of airtightness of the system (to eliminate leakages).

The energy efficiency of a subatmospheric heating system is achieved by a high rate of heat transfer and a minimum consumption of electricity by periodically operating pumps, while the efficiency of the system is 88% with energy savings of up to 40%

A subatmospheric heating system refers to the field of heat power, namely energy-saving technologies and is designed for autonomous heating of residential, public, industrial buildings and greenhouses, livestock farms, etc.

For highly efficient transfer of heat flow from the heat energy source, a vacuum-steam method of heat transfer is used in an environment with adjustable depth of dilution with separate condensate return and vacuuming devices, with the possibility of mounting the heat point in either the basement, floor and roof variants. The reliability of the system is ensured by its safe and uninterrupted operation, and in the case of an unsatisfactory level of airtightness of the system (to eliminate leakages).

The energy efficiency of a subatmospheric heating system is achieved by a high rate of heat transfer and a minimum consumption of electricity by periodically operating pumps, while the efficiency of the system is 88% with energy savings of up to 40%

A dual fluid heat exchange system is presented that provides a stable output temperature for a heated fluid while minimizing the output temperature of a cooled fluid. The heated and cooled fluids are brought into thermal contact with each other within a tank. The output temperature of the warmed fluid is maintained at a stable temperature by a re-circulation loop that connects directly to the mid portion of the tank such that the re-circulated fluid flow primarily warms only a re-circulation section of the tank. The other, lower flow rate, section of the tank may be positioned so that it has a cooler temperature and thus serves to increase the efficiency of the heat exchange by extracting extra heat energy out of the cooled fluid before it leaves the tank. Alternatively, the low flow rate section of the tank may be warmer than the re-circulated section, and thus allow the re-circulated section to be cooler than the output temperature of the warmed fluid.

Heat and cold supply subatmospheric system for air conditioning refers to the area of heat power engineering, namely energy-saving technologies and is designed for autonomous heating, hot water supply and cold supply of residential, public and industrial buildings. To implement effective heat supply, a vacuum-steam method of heat transfer by steam with a controlled depth of pressure drop is used, heat supply subsystem efficiency reaches 0.9. Cooling supply subsystem, which is integrated with the heat supply subsystem, includes: installation of a non-absorbed absorption water cooling refrigeration machine and a system of air coolers of indirect evaporative cooling in a vacuum environment, while ensuring energy efficiency with an EER of 12.5 kWt/kWt.

Heat and cold supply subatmospheric system for air conditioning refers to the area of heat power engineering, namely energy-saving technologies and is designed for autonomous heating, hot water supply and cold supply of residential, public and industrial buildings. To implement effective heat supply, a vacuum-steam method of heat transfer by steam with a controlled depth of pressure drop is used, heat supply subsystem efficiency reaches 0.9. Cooling supply subsystem, which is integrated with the heat supply subsystem, includes: installation of a non-absorbed absorption water cooling refrigeration machine and a system of air coolers of indirect evaporative cooling in a vacuum environment, while ensuring energy efficiency with an EER of 12.5 kWt/kWt.