The present invention relates to HVAC-systems operating under new ZERO-MIXING (ZM) water flow condition as innovative way to promote consistent highly energy efficient performance on SOURCE-heating/cooling thermal production and BUILDING's system distribution (FIG. 1). ZM technology is applicable; but not limited, to large-residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial facilities. Current state on HVAC technology, for system hydronics loop-flow, do not provide flows temperature segregation mechanisms between heating/chiller-plants hot/cold water supply and warmer water system returns. The result, a system that continuously operates at WATER MIXING conditions that impair equipment efficiency and output, and therefore, overall system energy performance.

A solar-powered two-bed adsorption chiller which can operate after sunset when the solar radiation intensity becomes zero. Rechargeable solar-powered batteries (SPBs) are connected to a flat-plate solar collector (FPSC). The photoelectric charges are directed from FPSC to a solar charge controller (SCC) which acts as a charge amplifier thus magnifying the total charge before it is finally collected inside the SPB for future use. The SPB is in turn connected to a resistance heating wire (RHW) which is immersed inside the HWST.

A tank-type water heater includes a storage tank and a heating circuit outside of the tank. The heating circuit includes at least one heat engine and at least one pump for circulating water from the bottom of the tank through the heat engine and back to the top of the tank. A stratifier introduces the heated water from the heating circuit into the top of the tank in a diffuse manner to promote stratification of hot water in the tank.

The disclosed technology includes an integrated system including a space conditioning system, a liquid heating system, and a controller. The space conditioning system can include a refrigerant circuit fluidly connecting a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a reversing valve such that refrigerant can flow through the circuit. The liquid heating system can include a liquid heating device and a liquid circuit configured to direct liquid from the liquid heating device through the first heat exchanger. The controller can be in electrical communication with the space conditioning system and the liquid heating system. The controller can be configured to determine a demand of the space conditioning system and the liquid heating system, and in response, output instructions to a plurality of valves to direct the refrigerant through the refrigerant circuit and direct the liquid through the liquid circuit.

A temperature sensor securing system and method is described for securing two or more temperature sensors against an outer surface of a side wall of a tank of an electric water heater. The temperature sensors are secured spaced apart on an elongated support such as a circuit board which is held in position against the tank outer surface by support means. An expandable liquid foam causes the temperature sensors to be biased against the outer surface of the tank side wall to sense the temperature of the side wall at the location of the sensors and to generate actual temperature signals to a controller which is programmed to communicate with a subscriber and/or energy provider to control the water temperature inside the tank.

A temperature sensor securing system and method is described for securing two or more temperature sensors against an outer surface of a side wall of a tank of an electric water heater. The temperature sensors are secured spaced apart on an elongated support such as a circuit board which is held in position against the tank outer surface by support means. An expandable liquid foam causes the temperature sensors to be biased against the outer surface of the tank side wall to sense the temperature of the side wall at the location of the sensors and to generate actual temperature signals to a controller which is programmed to communicate with a subscriber and/or energy provider to control the water temperature inside the tank.

A hot water tank including: a shell enclosing a chamber containing a heat exchange liquid, the shell including a base, side wall and lid; a cold water inlet connected to a first end of a heat exchanger, and a hot water outlet connected to a second end of the heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger is located in an upper portion of the chamber; a primary heating element connected to a power source for heating the heat exchange liquid, the primary heating element being located in a lower portion of the chamber.

A water mixing system attached to an existing plumbing system supplying ambient temperature water and providing temperature regulated water to a user. The water mixing system includes an insulated water tank, a heat pump connected to the insulated water tank with a heat rejecting radiator inside the insulated water tank and a heat absorbing radiator outside the insulated water tank, a temperature detector in the insulated water tank, and one outlet of the insulated water tank connected to a first inlet of a first dispensing water tank. Having a second inlet to receive the ambient temperature water from the existing plumbing system and at least one dispensing outlet, the first dispensing water tank provides mixed water of a desirable temperature from heated water from the insulated water tank and the ambient temperature water via control of the valves attached to the first inlet and the second inlet.

A water mixing system attached to an existing plumbing system supplying ambient temperature water and providing temperature regulated water to a user. The water mixing system includes an insulated water tank, a heat pump connected to the insulated water tank with a heat rejecting radiator inside the insulated water tank and a heat absorbing radiator outside the insulated water tank, a temperature detector in the insulated water tank, and one outlet of the insulated water tank connected to a first inlet of a first dispensing water tank. Having a second inlet to receive the ambient temperature water from the existing plumbing system and at least one dispensing outlet, the first dispensing water tank provides mixed water of a desirable temperature from heated water from the insulated water tank and the ambient temperature water via control of the valves attached to the first inlet and the second inlet.

The invention relates to a container (1) for recovering the heat energy of wastewater. The container (1) comprises a shell (10) and a continuous spiral pipe (2) for conveying wastewater through the container in a vertical direction. A first heat transfer space for a heat transfer liquid is arranged between an outer shell of the spiral pipe (2) and the shell (10) of the container (1), and a second heat transfer space is arranged inside the spiral pipe (2). The shell (10) is provided with at least one openable inspection hatch (6) having fastened thereto a manifold (7) as well as a shell and tube heat exchanger (3) having its inlet and outlet ends coupled to said manifold (7). The spiral pipe (2) consists of acid-proof or stainless steel and its internal surface is adapted to have a higher chromium content than the other parts of the spiral pipe's wall.