A refrigerated air conditioning unit partitioned into an inside plenum and an outside plenum and having a single refrigeration loop, a single evaporator, and a recirculated air stream, the unit also having a dynamic intelligent air management system (DIAMS) internal to the unit that is cooperatively configured and operable to continuously introduce preconditioned fresh air directly into the recirculated air stream whenever the unit is operating and to exercise control over a mixed air flow discharged from the unit into an identified space to achieve a desired air temperature and humidity within the identified space.

HVAC systems and methods for delivering highly efficient heating and cooling using ambient air as the working fluid. A plenum has an upstream inlet and a downstream outlet, each in fluid communication with a target space to be heated or cooled. Ambient air is drawn into the inlet at an incoming pressure and an incoming temperature. The inlet and outlet are gated, respectively, by first and second rotary pumps. A heat exchanger in the plenum transfers heat into or out of the air, provoking a change in air volume within the plenum. The systems and methods are configured to operate essentially between the working temperatures, T.sub.HIGH and T.sub.LOW. This technique, called Convergent Refrigeration or counter-conditioning, provides for the reduction of excess refrigerant lift by optimization of the heat transfer temperature. Two Convergent Refrigeration systems can be arranged back-to-back through a common heat exchanger for ultra-high efficiency operation.

A system for cooling a pressurized hyperbaric chamber without pressure change includes an air compressing unit, an air cooling unit, and an air discharging hose. The pressurized hyperbaric chamber, the air compressing unit, the air cooling unit, and the air discharging hose are in fluid communication with each other. A flow of output warm air from the pressurized hyperbaric chamber is withdrawn and discharged into the air cooling unit by the air compressing unit. A heat exchanger of the air cooling unit then removes heat energy from the flow of output warm air to convert the flow of output warm air into a flow of input cold air, as the heat exchanger is in fluid communication with stored ice water within an insulated reservoir of the air cooling unit. The flow of input cold air is then discharged back into the pressurized hyperbaric chamber through the air discharging hose.

A data center cooling system configured to cool one or more components of a data center thereby enabling a data center to be maintained at a higher overall temperature while still providing sufficient cooling to the components housed in the data center is disclosed. By maintaining the data center at a higher overall temperature, significant operational costs are realized due to savings in power costs. The data center cooling system may include one or more turbo-expanders having a rotary turbine positioned within a turbo-expander housing in which compressed air expands and drives the rotary turbine. The cooled expanded air is heated passing through a thermal transfer system that pulls heat from the data center component. The air is further heated passing through a brake system that generates heat by applying resistance to a shaft coupled to the rotary turbine. The heated air is exhausted outside of the data center.

A water extractor includes a plurality of layers of low pressure zones and a plurality of channels of high pressure zones. The low pressure zone layers alternate, in a radial direction, with the high pressure zone channels. At least one of the low pressure zones is configured to enable a flow to enter, from at least one high pressure zone, to at least one low pressure zone.

A compressed air storage power generation apparatus is provided with a motor, a compressor, a pressure accumulation tank, an expander, a generator, a first heat exchanger and a cold heat extracting unit. The motor is driven by input power generated using renewable energy. The compressor is mechanically connected to the motor and compresses air. The pressure accumulation tank accumulates the compressed air compressed by the compressor. The expander is driven by the compressed air supplied from the pressure accumulation tank. The generator is mechanically connected to the expander. The first heat exchanger exchanges heat between the compressed air supplied from the compressor and a heat medium and cools the compressed air to room temperature. The cold heat extracting unit extracts air serving as working fluid as cold air of the room temperature or lower. Due to this configuration, the compressed air energy storage power generation apparatus capable of smoothing input power that varies irregularly and efficiently performing heating and cooling with the input power is provided.

HVAC systems and methods for delivering highly efficient heating and cooling using ambient air as the working fluid. A plenum has an upstream inlet and a downstream outlet, each in fluid communication with a target space to be heated or cooled. Ambient air is drawn into the inlet at an incoming pressure and an incoming temperature. The inlet and outlet are gated, respectively, by first and second rotary pumps. A heat exchanger in the plenum transfers heat into or out of the air, provoking a change in air volume within the plenum. The systems and methods are configured to operate essentially between the working temperatures, T.sub.HIGH and T.sub.LOW. This technique, called Convergent Refrigeration or counter-conditioning, provides for the reduction of excess refrigerant lift by optimization of the heat transfer temperature. Two Convergent Refrigeration systems can be arranged back-to-back through a common heat exchanger for ultra-high efficiency operation.

The present disclosure sucks air in hospital room using a compressor to maintain an inner portion of the hospital room in a negative pressure state, and creates a high-temperature and humid environment by a water spray, the compressor, and a sterilization chamber to kill bacteria or viruses. In addition, the compressor uses power generated by a turbine, and is configured so that heat of air coming out of the compressor is recovered to a suction side of the compressor, such that efficiency of a system may be secured. Further, some of clean air generated while passing through the sterilization chamber may be directly supplied again to the hospital room through a bypass means.

An air cycle machine is provided. The machine includes a housing configured to enable airflow therethrough, a fan disposed within the housing and configured to rotate within the housing, and at least one aperture formed in the housing and configured to allow airflow through the at least one aperture from a cooling airflow path of an air cycle machine and into the housing. The at least one aperture is configured to optimally direct airflow passing therethrough toward the fan.

HVAC systems and methods for delivering highly efficient heating and cooling using ambient air as the working fluid. A plenum has an upstream inlet and a downstream outlet, each in fluid communication with a target space to be heated or cooled. Ambient air is drawn into the inlet at an incoming pressure and an incoming temperature. The inlet and outlet are gated, respectively, by first and second rotary pumps. A heat exchanger in the plenum transfers heat into or out of the air, provoking a change in air volume within the plenum. Work is harvested in response to change in air volume. The systems and methods can be configured to replace a traditional blower fan used to circulate the interior and exterior air. The systems and methods can be configured to implement a technique referred to as Convergent Refrigeration.