Systems and methods for controlling conditions in an enclosed space, such as a data center, or for providing cooling to a device, can include using a Liquid-to-Air Membrane Energy Exchanger (LAMEE) as an evaporative cooler. The LAMEE or exchanger can cool water to the outdoor air wet bulb temperature in a cooling system disposed outside of the enclosed space or device. The reduced-temperature water can be delivered to the enclosed space or device or can cool a coolant that is delivered to the enclosed space or device. The air in the enclosed space, or one or more components in the enclosed space, can be cooled by delivering the reduced-temperature water or coolant to the enclosed space, rather than moving the supply air from the enclosed space to the cooling system. In an example, the cooling system can include one or more cooling coils, upstream or downstream of the LAMEE.

Disclosed is an air duct and an air system and methods and uses of said air ducts and air system. The air duct has electrically conductive elements integrated with the walls of said air ducts for insulation of walls of said air ducts, and/or heating of the air flowing through the air ducts. The air duct can be used in an air system, for instance an air system for purposes of air cleaning, heating, refrigeration, ventilation or air conditioning in a building or means of transport.

An apparatus and method to selectively create a heat transfer effect and sensation of cooling within bedding on a mattress. A programmable application is accessible on a wireless network and is programmed to provide appropriate settings to attain changes over time of a space within bedding that pertain to at least one of heating the space and realizing a cooling sensation within the space. A wireless receiver is configured to receive commands in a wireless manner that are indicative of the appropriate settings provided by the programmable application to effect changes over time of the space within the bedding attributed to heat transfer with respect to the at least one of heating the space and realizing a cooling sensation within the space. The heat transfer occurs as a result of fluid flow either within a mattress or within space in bedding over the mattress.

A forced air heater that includes a temperature sensing device, the temperature sensing device includes: a sensing plate mounted on a metallic component in the environment to be heated; and an electrical contact connected to the sensing plate, wherein the electrical contact is thermally coupled with the metallic component via the sensing plate. There is further provided a method of controlling a heater that includes a temperature sensing device that it is thermally connected to a solid component in the environment to be heated.

A forced air heater that includes a temperature sensing device, the temperature sensing device includes: a sensing plate mounted on a metallic component in the environment to be heated; and an electrical contact connected to the sensing plate, wherein the electrical contact is thermally coupled with the metallic component via the sensing plate. There is further provided a method of controlling a heater that includes a temperature sensing device that it is thermally connected to a solid component in the environment to be heated.

A heater device for warming a user has a heater panel including a planar heating element which generates heat by energization, a first heat radiation surface formed on one surface side of the heating element, and a second heat radiation surface formed on the other surface side of the heating element. The temperature of the first heat radiation surface is higher than the temperature of the second heat radiation surface. In the heater panel, the first heat radiation surface is configured as a non-contact heater that warms the user in a non-contact manner, and the second heat radiation surface is configured as a contact heater that warms the user in a contact manner.

In one aspect, a food delivery temperature charging system, temperature charging cradle systems and food transportation system are described herein. In some embodiments, the food delivery temperature charging system contains a temperature charging cradle system including a base unit including a first temperature adjustment unit generating hot or cold air, a backing affixed to the base unit, and a channel duct affixed to the backing, wherein the first temperature adjustment unit is connected to the channel duct so that the channel duct permits free flow of the first temperature medium to a charging station. The food delivery temperature charging system further includes a charging station containing a horizontal shelf for holding a food storage system including a shelf temperature medium portal, which is connected to a channel duct so that the first temperature medium is conveyed from the fully enclosed channel duct to the temperature medium portal.

A firebox is provided for use in a gas fireplace, the firebox comprising: a back which includes at least one combustion fan aperture, an upper end and a lower end and a length therebetween, a pair of sides, each side including an upper end, a lower end, a first riser which has an inner section and an outer section, the inner section attached to the back, a first flange, which is parallel to the back and extends outward from the back, and a second riser, wherein the outer section of the first riser, the first flange and the second riser extend above the upper end of the back and below the lower end of the back; a top which is attached to the inner section of the first risers and to the back at the upper end; and a base which is attached to the inner section of the first risers and to the back above the combustion fan aperture, to define an opening. The fireplace is also provided.

Systems and methods are involved for an enhanced heating system includes (I) an enclosure, (II) a burner, (III) an electrically-powered fan, (IV) a wall partition, and (V) a thermoelectric generator to generate electrical power for the electrically-powered fan. In addition, other aspects are described in the claims, drawings, and text forming a part of the present disclosure.

A failsafe hydrocarbon-based gas (HBG) leak detection (HLD) and mitigation (HLM) system/method for use in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems that incorporates a hydrocarbon gas sensor (HGS), sensor signal conditioner (SSC), alarm status indicator (ASI), and digital control processor (DCP) is disclosed. The HGS detects ambient hydrocarbon gas (AHG) and presents a hydrocarbon sensor voltage (HSV) to the SSC. The DCP and SSC form a closed control loop (CCL) in which the SSC electrical characteristics are adjusted by the DCP such that the HSV is continuously and dynamically recalibrated to account for background HBG levels, changes in ambient air conditions, HGS manufacturing tolerances, and other field-specific operational conditions that impact the HGS detection capabilities. The DCP is configured to log alarms to the ASI if a HGS HBG leak is detected and optionally shutdown gas flow to one or more HBG target (HBT) system components.