A hydronic panel and system for heating and/or cooling a room is disclosed. The hydronic panel includes a plurality of contiguous channels. A first chamber is located at a first end, preferably the upper end, of the panel and includes an inlet and communicates with a first subset of the channels. A second chamber is located at an opposite end of the panel and communicates with the first subset and also with a second subset of the channels. A third chamber is located at the first end of the panel, the third chamber communicates with the second subset of the channels and includes an outlet. In this configuration, heated or cooled water flows from the inlet into the first chamber, through the first subset of the channels, to the second chamber, through the second subset of the channels, into the third chamber and out the outlet. Consequently, the heated or cooled water can heat or cool the space. In addition to at least one hydronic panel, the system includes a source of heated and/or cooled water under sufficient pressure to cause the water to flow through the panel. The system also includes a controller to control one or both of the temperature of the water and the flow rate of the water through the panel.

A system for extracting geothermal heat energy: includes a geothermal well formed in surrounding crust material and extending from a well top part down to a depth where the surrounding crust material has elevated geothermal temperatures. The geothermal well includes a heat medium contained within geothermal well walls. The heat medium is heated at a well bottom part by heat extracted from the surrounding crust material, evaporating and rising to carry heat energy towards the well top part. A heat extractor, extracts heat energy from the heat medium at the well top part. At least one heat conductive path extends outwardly from the geothermal well into the crust material to conduct geothermal heat from the crust material surrounding the path towards the well bottom part.

In a geothermal plant, alternately injecting an acid composition and a caustic composition removes or inhibits scale build-up.

A geothermal heat containment barrier operable to be manipulated through an opening of a vault by at least partially folding the geothermal heat containment barrier, and positioned substantially horizontally against walls of the vault to reduce heat transfer through the barrier is provided. The barrier includes a central insulating core, a flexible outer frame, and an outer sealing trim. The central insulating core includes top and bottom outer surfaces and a perimeter edge. The central insulating core includes and/or contains an insulating material. The flexible outer frame has a shape memory and includes at least one flexible component having ends together such that the flexible outer frame is continuous and closed. The outer sealing trim is attached to the top and bottom outer surfaces and wraps around the perimeter edge of the central insulating core. The outer sealing trim is operable to press against the wall of the vault.

A pitless adapter includes a casing having first, second and third ports, and a spool having a top plate, a bottom plate having first, second and third ports, a first middle plate between the top and bottom plates and a second middle plate between the first middle plate and the bottom plate. The casing, the top plate and the first middle plate define a first chamber that is open to the first port of the casing and the first port of the spool. The casing, the first middle plate and the second middle plate define a second chamber that is open to the second port of the casing and the second port of the spool. The casing, the second middle plate and the bottom plate define a third chamber that is open to the third port of the casing and the third port of the spool.

A geothermal heat exchange apparatus is disclosed that includes a central conduit, a plurality of pipes, at least one fitting and a joint. The geothermal heat exchange apparatus is preassembled for insertion into a bore hole and for connection to a supply primary pipe and a return primary pipe that are in fluid communication with a heat pump. The geothermal heat exchange apparatus includes the plurality of pipes in a helical arrangement around the central conduit for geothermal heat exchange. The at least one fitting is fixedly connected to a first end portion of the central conduit in the bore hole.

A system, an arrangement and method for heating and cooling of several building spaces-or buildings includes two or more building spaces or buildings, and a secondary thermal network including a supply line and a return line. The arrangement further comprises two or more building connections arranged parallel to each other and between the supply line and provided in connection with the two or more building spaces or buildings, a ground hole and a geothermal heat exchanger provided to the ground hole and arranged in connection with the secondary thermal network.

An underground heat exchange type cooling and heating system includes an underground heat exchange device to allow heat to be exchanged between a first heat medium and a geothermal heat; a plurality of cooling and heating units which cools or heats an indoor space by means of a second heat medium; a plurality of heat pump units which allows heat to be exchanged between the first heat medium and the second heat medium; a first transfer line which transmits the first heat medium to the plurality of heat pump units and transmits the first heat medium having undergone heat exchange in the plurality of heat pump units to the underground heat exchange device; and a second transfer line which transmits the second heat medium to the plurality of cooling and heating units.

The methods and instrumentations for measuring in real-time the two-phase mass flow rate and the enthalpy from the geothermal wells and large diameter pipelines can be used in memory and on-line to measure the mass flow rate and enthalpy when the two-phase pipeline is in operation or during testing. This measuring instrument consists of primary, secondary and multi-tapping components. The primary component can be a concentric orifice plate, a top eccentric orifice plate, a bottom eccentric orifice plate, a segmental orifice plate, Nozzle or Venturi tube. The secondary component is a transmitters-transducers. The multi tapping used are radius (ID and ID/2), flanges, corners and other arrangement or different combinations. On this device system, the data signal of upstream pressure, downstream and the pressure difference of the multi tapping is recorded and transmitted or recorded by the transmitters-transducers to the computer machine.

A geothermal well with communicating vessels, formed of an internal piping transferring an inflow down to a level of the depth of the well, and an external piping coaxial to the internal piping and with a diameter that permits ascent of the fluid upward from the distal end of the well, wherein a flange on the internal piping engages a collar connected to the external piping via spacers, wherein detection sensors generate information on oscillations of the pipings, wherein an automatic safety valve avoids overpressures, and a driven regulation valve generates information on fluid pressure, and wherein software monitors fluid circulation within the well and operates the inlet pump and the regulation valve to dampen the oscillations and prevent microseisms.