A refrigerator port includes a sleeve and a pedestal. A pipe is drawn out from the refrigerator port. The pipe is provided with a valve. Before a cold head is pulled out, helium gas in a tank is supplied to a port space via the pipe. Accordingly, a pressure in the port space becomes the atmospheric pressure or approaches the atmospheric pressure. A pressure adjustment facility can also function when residual gas is discharged from the port space. Thus, the load of an operation of pulling out the cold head from the refrigerator port is reduced.

A refrigerant cycle system includes a primary-side cycle that circulates a first refrigerant, a secondary-side cycle that circulates a second refrigerant, and a cascade heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant. The primary-side cycle includes a primary-side connection pipe. The secondary-side cycle includes a secondary-side connection pipe. The primary-side connection pipe includes a primary-side gas connection pipe and a primary-side liquid connection pipe. The secondary-side connection pipe includes a secondary-side gas connection pipe and a secondary-side liquid connection pipe. The pipe diameter of the secondary-side gas connection pipe is smaller than the pipe diameter of the primary-side gas connection pipe, or the pipe diameter of the secondary-side liquid connection pipe is smaller than the pipe diameter of the primary-side liquid connection pipe.

A refrigerant cycle system includes a primary-side cycle that circulates a first refrigerant, a secondary-side cycle that circulates a second refrigerant, and a cascade heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the first refrigerant and the second refrigerant. The primary-side cycle includes a primary-side connection pipe. The secondary-side cycle includes a secondary-side connection pipe. The primary-side connection pipe includes a primary-side gas connection pipe and a primary-side liquid connection pipe. The secondary-side connection pipe includes a secondary-side gas connection pipe and a secondary-side liquid connection pipe. The pipe diameter of the secondary-side gas connection pipe is smaller than the pipe diameter of the primary-side gas connection pipe, or the pipe diameter of the secondary-side liquid connection pipe is smaller than the pipe diameter of the primary-side liquid connection pipe.

The application relates to a cooling system, the cooling system having: an evaporator, a first compressor, a second compressor, a cooling component, an expansion device and a line system that connects the evaporator, the first compressor, the second compressor, the cooling component and the expansion device to one another. The cooling system includes a refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant comprises carbon dioxide. The first compressor and the second compressor are arranged in series with one another. The application also relates to a corresponding laboratory instrument.

The application relates to a cooling system, the cooling system having: an evaporator, a first compressor, a second compressor, a cooling component, an expansion device and a line system that connects the evaporator, the first compressor, the second compressor, the cooling component and the expansion device to one another. The cooling system includes a refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant comprises carbon dioxide. The first compressor and the second compressor are arranged in series with one another. The application also relates to a corresponding laboratory instrument.

A compressor system for a cryocooler includes a compressor unit that includes a compressor main body compressing a refrigerant gas of the cryocooler and a liquid-cooled heat exchanger cooling, through heat exchange with a cooling liquid, at least one of the refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor main body and an oil lubricating the compressor main body, a supply line through which the cooling liquid is supplied from a main chiller to the liquid-cooled heat exchanger, a collecting line through which the cooling liquid is collected from the liquid-cooled heat exchanger to the main chiller, and a backup chiller that is provided outside the compressor unit, circulates the cooling liquid to the liquid-cooled heat exchanger in place of or together with the main chiller, and includes a circulation pump and a cooler cooling the cooling liquid on an inlet side or outlet side of the pump.

The present invention relates to a cryogen-gas liquefaction system (1) and method comprising: a storage container (2) comprising a liquid storage portion (3) and a neck portion (4) with a liquefaction region (8) above said bath (7); a coldhead (9) arranged at the neck portion (4) comprising one or more refrigeration stages (10, 11); a gas intake module (12) containing an amount of gas-phase cryogen for its introduction into the storage container (2); and a pressure control mechanism (13) for controlling the cryogen gas pressure within the liquefaction region (8) of the storage container (2). Advantageously, the coldhead (9) further comprises: a refrigeration compressor (17) for distributing gas-phase cryogen inside the coldhead (9); one or more extraction orifices (22) communicating a gas circulation circuit inside the coldhead (9) with the external region of the refrigeration stages (10, 11), acting as pass-through ports (23); and a gas injection source (19) connected with the gas circulation circuit of said refrigeration compressor (17) through a gas injection valve (20), that maintains a total amount of gas constant in the compressor gas circuit, to compensate for the amount of gas extracted and liquefied through the extraction orifices (22).

Provided is a chiller and system that may be utilized in a supercritical fluid chromatography method, wherein a non-polar solvent may replace a portion or all of a polar solvent for the purpose of separating or extracting desired sample molecules from a combined sample/solvent stream. The system may reduce the amount of polar solvent necessary for chromatographic separation and/or extraction of desired samples. The system may incorporate a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller allows for efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off-the-shelf HPLC column cartridges. The system may further incorporate the use of one or more disposable cartridges containing silica gel or other suitable medium. The system may also utilize an open loop cooling circuit using fluids with a positive Joule-Thompson coefficient.

Provided is a chiller and system that may be utilized in a supercritical fluid chromatography method, wherein a non-polar solvent may replace a portion or all of a polar solvent for the purpose of separating or extracting desired sample molecules from a combined sample/solvent stream. The system may reduce the amount of polar solvent necessary for chromatographic separation and/or extraction of desired samples. The system may incorporate a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller allows for efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off-the-shelf HPLC column cartridges. The system may further incorporate the use of one or more disposable cartridges containing silica gel or other suitable medium. The system may also utilize an open loop cooling circuit using fluids with a positive Joule-Thompson coefficient.

There is provided refrigeration system (1) and method for remote cooling of a thermal load having a first portion (27) and a second portion (25). The system comprises a cold source (4) having a first cooling stage (5) and a second cooling stage (6), the temperature of the first cooling stage being higher than the temperature of the second cooling stage. The system also comprises a cryogen circuit for circulation of a cryogen flow in a closed cycle, the closed cycle being thermally coupled to the cold source. The system further comprises a compressor (7) for compressing and circulating the cryogen flow in the cryogen circuit. The cryogen circuit comprises a first conduit for thermally connecting the first cooling stage of the cold source to the first portion of the thermal load so as to cool said first portion towards the temperature of the first cooling stage, and a second conduit for thermally connecting the second cooling stage of the cold source to the second portion of the thermal load so as to cool said second portion to wards the temperature of the second cooling stage. The cryogen flow in the system is a sub-cooled or saturated liquid, two phase, saturated or overheated, supercritical gas helium flow.