Systems and methods for improving the performance of dilution refrigeration systems are described. Filters and traps employed in the helium circuit of a dilution refrigerator may be modified to improve performance. Some traps may be designed to harness cryocondensation as opposed to cryoadsorption. A cryocondensation trap employs a cryocondensation surface having a high thermal conductivity and a high specific heat with a binding energy that preferably matches at least one contaminant but does not match helium. Multiple traps may be coupled in series in the helium circuit, with each trap designed to trap a specific contaminant or set of contaminants. Both cryocondensation and cryoadsorption may be exploited among multiple traps.

Systems and methods for improving the performance of dilution refrigeration systems are described. Filters and traps employed in the helium circuit of a dilution refrigerator may be modified to improve performance. Some traps may be designed to harness cryocondensation as opposed to cryoadsorption. A cryocondensation trap employs a cryocondensation surface having a high thermal conductivity and a high specific heat with a binding energy that preferably matches at least one contaminant but does not match helium. Multiple traps may be coupled in series in the helium circuit, with each trap designed to trap a specific contaminant or set of contaminants. Both cryocondensation and cryoadsorption may be exploited among multiple traps.

Dilution refrigeration device comprising a working circuit comprising a mixture of helium-3 isotope (3He) and helium-4 isotope (4He), the working circuit comprising a mixing chamber, a boiler and a transfer member, the circuit connecting an outlet from the mixing chamber to an inlet of the boiler and an outlet of the boiler to an inlet of the transfer member, and configured to connect an outlet from the transfer member to an inlet of the mixing chamber, the device further comprising at least one cooling member in heat exchange with the working circuit, the at least one cooling member comprising a cryogenerator, the device comprising a support member, a fluid-tight enclosure, an open end of the enclosure being mechanically connected to the support member via a flexible fluid-tight bellows, an upper end of the cryogenerator being secured to the support member, the device further comprising a fluid-tight sheath which is received in the enclosure, a lower end of the cryogenerator extending in the sheath inside the bellows so that the enclosure and the sheath are at least partially mechanically insulated from the vibrations generated by the cryogenerator, the working circuit comprising a fluid injection conduit which connects an outlet from the transfer member to an inlet of the mixing chamber via a fluid-tight passage in the sheath, the injection conduit being mechanically uncoupled from the cryogenerator and the support member, and the working circuit connecting an outlet from the boiler to an inlet of the transfer member outside the enclosure via a passage of the cycle gas in the sheath, wherein the cycle fluid flows into and circulates in the space of the sheath in contact with the lower end of the cryogenerator.

Dilution refrigeration device comprising a working circuit comprising a mixture of helium-3 isotope (3He) and helium-4 isotope (4He), the working circuit comprising a mixing chamber, a boiler and a transfer member, the circuit connecting an outlet from the mixing chamber to an inlet of the boiler and an outlet of the boiler to an inlet of the transfer member, and configured to connect an outlet from the transfer member to an inlet of the mixing chamber, the device further comprising at least one cooling member in heat exchange with the working circuit, the at least one cooling member comprising a cryogenerator, the device comprising a support member, a fluid-tight enclosure, an open end of the enclosure being mechanically connected to the support member via a flexible fluid-tight bellows, an upper end of the cryogenerator being secured to the support member, the device further comprising a fluid-tight sheath which is received in the enclosure, a lower end of the cryogenerator extending in the sheath inside the bellows so that the enclosure and the sheath are at least partially mechanically insulated from the vibrations generated by the cryogenerator, the working circuit comprising a fluid injection conduit which connects an outlet from the transfer member to an inlet of the mixing chamber via a fluid-tight passage in the sheath, the injection conduit being mechanically uncoupled from the cryogenerator and the support member, and the working circuit connecting an outlet from the boiler to an inlet of the transfer member outside the enclosure via a passage of the cycle gas in the sheath, wherein the cycle fluid flows into and circulates in the space of the sheath in contact with the lower end of the cryogenerator.

A dilution refrigerator, such as for a quantum computing system, includes a cryostat having a plurality of temperature-controlled flanges inside a vacuum chamber. A dilution unit is disposed inside the cryostat and operable to cool a first group of the flanges. A continuous flow helium refrigerator is in heat transfer communication with a lowest temperature flange of a second group of flanges, disposed at progressively lower temperatures that are greater than those of the first group of flanges, to provide primary cooling thereto to a first temperature. The continuous flow helium refrigerator resides at least partially in the cryostat and includes a helium liquefier and a first closed-loop circuit thermally coupling the helium liquefier to the lowest temperature flange of the second group of flanges. The helium liquefier provides liquid helium to the lowest temperature flange of the second group of flanges via the first closed-loop circuit.

A dilution refrigerator, such as for a quantum computing system, includes a cryostat having a plurality of temperature-controlled flanges inside a vacuum chamber. A dilution unit is disposed inside the cryostat and operable to cool a first group of the flanges. A continuous flow helium refrigerator is in heat transfer communication with a lowest temperature flange of a second group of flanges, disposed at progressively lower temperatures that are greater than those of the first group of flanges, to provide primary cooling thereto to a first temperature. The continuous flow helium refrigerator resides at least partially in the cryostat and includes a helium liquefier and a first closed-loop circuit thermally coupling the helium liquefier to the lowest temperature flange of the second group of flanges. The helium liquefier provides liquid helium to the lowest temperature flange of the second group of flanges via the first closed-loop circuit.

Disclosed is a dilution refrigeration device comprising a working circuit, a mixing chamber, a still and a transfer component, a circuit configured to connect an outlet of the mixing chamber to an inlet of the still and an outlet of the still to an inlet of the transfer component, the circuit also being configured to connect an outlet of the transfer component to an inlet of the mixing chamber, the device further comprising at least one cooling component in thermal exchange with the working circuit, the at least one cooling component comprising a cryogenerator, the device comprising a support, a sealed enclosure, with an open end of the enclosure being mechanically connected to the support via a sealed flexible bellows, an upper end of the cryogenerator being fixed on the support, the device further comprising a sealed sheath housed in the enclosure, a lower end of the cryogenerator extending into the sheath inside the bellows so that the enclosure and the sheath are at least partially mechanically isolated from the vibrations generated by the cryogenerator, the circuit comprising a fluid injection duct connecting an outlet of the transfer component to an inlet of the mixing chamber via a sealed passage in the sheath, the injection duct being in thermal exchange with the cryogenerator and being mechanically decoupled from the cryogenerator and the support, i.e. the injection duct is at least partially mechanically isolated from the vibrations generated by the cryogenerator.

Disclosed is a dilution refrigeration device comprising a working circuit, a mixing chamber, a still and a transfer component, a circuit configured to connect an outlet of the mixing chamber to an inlet of the still and an outlet of the still to an inlet of the transfer component, the circuit also being configured to connect an outlet of the transfer component to an inlet of the mixing chamber, the device further comprising at least one cooling component in thermal exchange with the working circuit, the at least one cooling component comprising a cryogenerator, the device comprising a support, a sealed enclosure, with an open end of the enclosure being mechanically connected to the support via a sealed flexible bellows, an upper end of the cryogenerator being fixed on the support, the device further comprising a sealed sheath housed in the enclosure, a lower end of the cryogenerator extending into the sheath inside the bellows so that the enclosure and the sheath are at least partially mechanically isolated from the vibrations generated by the cryogenerator, the circuit comprising a fluid injection duct connecting an outlet of the transfer component to an inlet of the mixing chamber via a sealed passage in the sheath, the injection duct being in thermal exchange with the cryogenerator and being mechanically decoupled from the cryogenerator and the support, i.e. the injection duct is at least partially mechanically isolated from the vibrations generated by the cryogenerator.

A dilution refrigerator is provided. The dilution refrigerator includes a plurality of thermalization plates configured to be cooled to a plurality of temperatures, and a first thermalization plate of the plurality of thermalization plates includes an integrated heat exchanger. The integrated heat exchanger includes channels formed in the first thermalization plate, and the channels are configured to allow helium to flow through the first thermalization plate during operation of the dilution refrigerator to improve heat exchange and cooling power of the dilution refrigerator.

A dilution refrigerator is provided. The dilution refrigerator includes a plurality of thermalization plates configured to be cooled to a plurality of temperatures, and a first thermalization plate of the plurality of thermalization plates includes an integrated heat exchanger. The integrated heat exchanger includes channels formed in the first thermalization plate, and the channels are configured to allow helium to flow through the first thermalization plate during operation of the dilution refrigerator to improve heat exchange and cooling power of the dilution refrigerator.