A transport refrigeration system (TRS) and method of operating a TRS having a sorption subsystem are disclosed. The TRS includes a refrigeration subsystem and a sorption subsystem. The refrigeration subsystem includes a refrigerant, a compressor, a refrigerant condenser, a refrigerant expansion device, and a refrigerant evaporator in fluid communication such that the refrigerant can flow therethrough. The sorption subsystem includes a heat transfer fluid, a heat source, a boiler, a sorption condenser, a sorption expansion valve, a sorption evaporator, and a pump in fluid communication such that the heat transfer fluid can flow therethrough. The sorption evaporator is in thermal communication with the refrigeration subsystem.

The invention relates to the use of methanesulphonic acid as sorption medium in an absorption heat pump; a sorption medium for an absorption heat pump which comprises methanesulphonic acid and an ionic liquid; and an absorption heat pump having an absorber, a desorber, a condenser, an evaporator and a working medium comprising a volatile refrigerant and a sorption medium, wherein the sorption medium comprises methanesulphonic acid.

The invention relates to the use of methanesulphonic acid as sorption medium in an absorption heat pump; a sorption medium for an absorption heat pump which comprises methanesulphonic acid and an ionic liquid; and an absorption heat pump having an absorber, a desorber, a condenser, an evaporator and a working medium comprising a volatile refrigerant and a sorption medium, wherein the sorption medium comprises methanesulphonic acid.

A liquid absorption refrigeration system and a tube and channel heat exchanger include: an absorber section to contain a saturated strong solution; a pump connected to an outlet of the absorber section to receive saturated strong solution therefrom; a regenerator section connected to an outlet of the pump to receive a flow of pressurized saturated strong solution therefrom; an expansion device connected to an outlet of the regenerator section to receive a flow of subcooled strong solution therefrom; an evaporator section connected to an outlet of the expansion device to receive the subcooled strong solution therefrom, the evaporator section connected to the absorber section to return strong solution thereto; and a condenser section connected to the evaporator section to receive a refrigerant evaporated from the subcooled strong solution in the evaporator, the condenser section connected to the absorber section to return liquid refrigerant thereto.

The hierarchy condensation third-type absorption heat pump provided by the invention belongs to the absorption heat pump technology field. A solution cycle is formed by a first generator, an absorption-generator, a first absorber, a first solution pump, a second solution pump, a first solution heat exchanger and a steam distributing chamber. A solution cycle is formed by a second generator, a second absorber, a third solution pump and a second solution heat exchanger. The refrigerant vapor of the first generator is provided for the first condenser. The refrigerant vapor of the second generator is provided for the second condenser. The refrigerant vapor of the steam distributing chamber is provided for the second absorber. The refrigerant liquid of the first condenser enters evaporator via the throttle valve. The refrigerant liquid of the second condenser enters evaporator via the refrigerant liquid pump. The refrigerant vapor of evaporator is provided for the absorption-generator and the first absorber. The high temperature heat is used in the first generator. The waste heat is used in the second generator. The heat load is mainly provided by the first absorber and the first condenser. The low temperature heat is released in the second absorber and the second condenser. The hierarchy condensation second-type absorption heat pump is thereby formed.

The hierarchy condensation third-type absorption heat pump provided by the invention belongs to the absorption heat pump technology field. A solution cycle is formed by a first generator, an absorption-generator, a first absorber, a first solution pump, a second solution pump, a first solution heat exchanger and a steam distributing chamber. A solution cycle is formed by a second generator, a second absorber, a third solution pump and a second solution heat exchanger. The refrigerant vapor of the first generator is provided for the first condenser. The refrigerant vapor of the second generator is provided for the second condenser. The refrigerant vapor of the steam distributing chamber is provided for the second absorber. The refrigerant liquid of the first condenser enters evaporator via the throttle valve. The refrigerant liquid of the second condenser enters evaporator via the refrigerant liquid pump. The refrigerant vapor of evaporator is provided for the absorption-generator and the first absorber. The high temperature heat is used in the first generator. The waste heat is used in the second generator. The heat load is mainly provided by the first absorber and the first condenser. The low temperature heat is released in the second absorber and the second condenser. The hierarchy condensation second-type absorption heat pump is thereby formed.

A carbon dioxide/co-fluid mixture is provided for use in a refrigeration cycle in which the carbon dioxide is alternately absorbed and desorbed from the co-fluid. Suitable co-fluids are selected from the class of alkoxylated carboxylic amides, wherein the amides are cyclic or non-cyclic. It has been discovered that N-2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecyl-2-pyrrolidinone and its homologs exhibit an advantageous property of a high rate of desorption at lower temperatures.

A carbon dioxide/co-fluid mixture is provided for use in a refrigeration cycle in which the carbon dioxide is alternately absorbed and desorbed from the co-fluid. Suitable co-fluids are selected from the class of alkoxylated carboxylic amides, wherein the amides are cyclic or non-cyclic. It has been discovered that N-2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecyl-2-pyrrolidinone and its homologs exhibit an advantageous property of a high rate of desorption at lower temperatures.

In some embodiments, an air-cooled ammonia refrigeration system comprises: an air-cooled condenser comprising a heat exchanger and at least one axial fan; an evaporator coupled to the air-cooled condenser; a subcooler positioned between the air-cooled condenser and the evaporator; a compressor coupled to the evaporator; an oil cooler coupled to the compressor; a water system coupled to the air-cooled condenser, the water system comprising a water source, a water pump, and a plurality of spray nozzles positioned below the air-cooled condenser; and a control circuit coupled to the air-cooled condenser and the water system, the control circuit configured to pulse atomized water through the plurality of spray nozzles to a surface of the air-cooled condenser when a head pressure of the air-cooled condenser is higher than a predetermined value.

A carbon dioxide/co-fluid mixture is provided for use in a refrigeration cycle in which the carbon dioxide is alternately absorbed and desorbed from the co-fluid. Suitable co-fluids are selected from the class of alkoxylated carboxylic amides, wherein the amides are cyclic or non-cyclic. It has been discovered that N-2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecyl-2-pyrrolidinone and its homologs exhibit an advantageous property of a high rate of desorption at lower temperatures.