When a service technician or the like performs maintenance of a mechanism in an indoor unit, the service technician may accidentally detach a refrigerant gas sensor and the refrigerant gas sensor may be broken. To prevent this, communication pipes (regulating members) configured to regulate the detachment of a refrigerant gas sensor are provided on the side toward which the refrigerant gas sensor is detached (front side) when a casing provided on the side toward which the refrigerant gas sensor is detached (front side) is open.

By fluorinating 1,2,3,3-tetrachloro-1-propene (1230xd) using hydrogen fluoride as a fluorinating agent, an efficient method for producing 1,2-dichloro-3,3-difluoro-1-propene (1232xd) is provided. Through this composition including 1232xd, there are also provided an environmentally friendly composition having excellent ability to dissolve various organic matters, a method for cleaning an article using the composition, a method for producing a lubricant solution using the composition, and a method for producing a component provided with a lubricant coating film.

An outdoor unit includes an indication cover including a cover portion on which at least one of a type of refrigerant employed and a caution are marked, the cover portion being disposed so as to cover a hexagonal column-shaped outer circumference of a sealing hexagon nut, a ring portion attached to a gas-side valve which is the refrigerant pipe connection valve, and a joint portion formed so as to be bendable and connecting between the cover portion and the ring portion.

A refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a refrigeration cycle through which refrigerant is circulated, an indoor unit that accommodates at least a load-side heat exchanger of the refrigeration cycle and is placed indoors, and a controller that controls the indoor unit. The indoor unit includes an indoor air-blowing fan, an air inlet through which indoor air is sucked in, and an air outlet through which the air sucked in from the air inlet is blown indoors. The controller activates the indoor air-blowing fan when leakage of refrigerant is detected. An air passage that allows air to pass through the air outlet is established in the air outlet at least when leakage of refrigerant is detected.

An indoor unit includes an air-sending fan, an air inlet through which air of an indoor space is sucked in, and an air outlet located above the air inlet and through which the air sucked in through the air inlet is blown out to the indoor space. A control unit activates the air-sending fan when leakage of the refrigerant is detected. When M [kg] represents an amount of charge of the refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle, LFL [kg/m.sup.3] represents a lower flammable limit of the refrigerant, A [m.sup.2] represents a floor area of the indoor space, and Ho [m] represents a height of the air outlet above a floor surface of the indoor space, the amount of charge M, the lower flammable limit LFL, the floor area A, and the height Ho satisfy a relationship of M<LFL×A×Ho.

A system and method of retrofitting a heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration system (HVACR) including one or more brazed, soldered, or mechanical connections between refrigerant lines is disclosed. The method includes removing a refrigerant from the HVACR system. The refrigerant that is removed is a non-flammable refrigerant. An enclosure is installed over the one or more brazed, soldered, or mechanical connections between refrigerant lines. A refrigerant is added to the HVACR system. The refrigerant being added has a global warming potential (GWP) that is relatively lower than the refrigerant removed from the HVACR system. The refrigerant being added has a relatively higher flammability than the refrigerant removed from the HVACR system.

An air-conditioning apparatus includes a high-pressure side pressure detection device detecting high-pressure side pressure, a low-pressure side pressure detection device detecting low-pressure side pressure, a high-low pressure bypass pipe connecting a pipe on a discharge side of a compressor and a pipe on a suction side of the compressor, a bypass expansion device disposed in the high-low pressure bypass pipe, a high-pressure side temperature detection device detecting high-pressure side temperature, and a low-pressure side temperature detection device detecting low-pressure side temperature; an outdoor unit side controller that detects circulation composition of refrigerant on the basis of the high-pressure side pressure, the low-pressure side pressure, the high-pressure side temperature, and the low-pressure side temperature; and a relay unit side controller performing at least one of a calculation of evaporating temperature and degree of superheat, and a calculation of condensing temperature and degree of subcooling on the basis of the circulation composition.

A modular refrigeration system includes a refrigeration loop having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion assembly, and a chiller interconnected by a first piping loop cycling hydrocarbon refrigerant. A high side cooling loop includes a first heat exchanger and a first pump interconnected with the condenser by a second piping loop cycling a cooling fluid, the cooling fluid exchanges heat with the hydrocarbon refrigerant at the condenser. A low side cooling loop includes a second heat exchanger and a second pump interconnected with the chiller by a third piping loop cycling a chilled fluid, the chilled fluid exchanges heat with the hydrocarbon refrigerant at the chiller. A space supports the second heat exchanger and is configured to be maintained within a predetermined temperature range, wherein the total charge of hydrocarbon refrigerant associated with the space does not exceed 150 grams.

A refrigeration cycle device uses a refrigerant having a higher concentration than air under atmospheric pressure, and is capable of preventing a region having a certain refrigerant concentration or higher from being formed even if the refrigerant leaks in a casing of the refrigeration cycle device in a nonenergized state. The refrigeration cycle device includes: a casing having a first opening and a second opening, one of which is an inlet and the other of which is an outlet, and having therein an air course providing communication between the first opening and the second opening; and a refrigerant circuit provided in the air course in the casing and filled with a refrigerant having a higher concentration than air under atmospheric pressure, the casing having a third opening providing communication between the air course and outside of the casing.

An air conditioner includes an outdoor unit, a plurality of indoor units, a plurality of expansion valves which are provided upstream of indoor heat exchangers, a plurality of on-off valves which are provided upstream of the expansion valves, and control unit wherein when the indoor units include a stopping indoor unit and an operating indoor unit currently operating, and when a stopping of the stopping unit is due to thermostat-off operation, the control unit performs a procedure to stop the stopping unit, the procedure including closing an on-off valve that corresponds to the stopping unit and driving an indoor fan in the stopping unit until pressure in a part between the on-off valve and an expansion valve that corresponds to the stopping unit and pressure in a part downstream of the first expansion valve are equalized, fully opening the expansion valve, and stopping the indoor fan.