An air conditioner comprises a compressor configured to have an inlet, through which a refrigerant is sucked in, the sucked refrigerant being compressed by the compressor, and an outlet, through which the compressed refrigerant is discharged, a four-way valve configured to switch flow paths in cooling and heating operations, the four-way valve having a valve body, a D port protruding from the valve body in a first direction to be connected to the outlet, and an S port 26 protruding from the valve body in a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction, to be connected to the inlet, and a compressor pipe having a discharging pipe to connect the outlet and the D port and a sucking pipe to connect the inlet and the S port, one of the discharging pipe and the sucking pipe has two curved portions and the other has one curved portion.

A vapor-liquid separator includes a casing having an accommodation space, an inlet at the casing to allow a refrigerant mixture fluid to be intaken to the accommodation space therethrough, and an outlet at the side of the inlet to allow a gas phase refrigerant separated from the refrigerant mixture fluid to be discharged therethrough.

This disclosure describes both a method of use for, and embodiments of, an apparatus to continuously modulate the capacity in air conditioning systems, said apparatus comprising: a liquid injection valve, comprising: a liquid line connection point, a temperature sensing element and a flashed liquid connection point; a low pressure regulating valve, comprising: a compressor discharge connection point, an Optional LPRV Gas Spring Reservoir and an LPRV discharge port; and a mixing chamber comprising: a suction connection point, a flashed liquid injection point, a superheated gas injection point, a means for fill material retention, a mixing chamber, a thermodynamic catalyst fill material, and a mixing nozzle assembly.

A packaged, pumped liquid, evaporative-condensing recirculating ammonia refrigeration system with charges of 10 lbs or less of refrigerant per ton of refrigeration capacity. The compressor and related components are situated inside the plenum of a standard evaporative condenser unit, and the evaporator is close coupled to the evaporative condenser. Single or dual phase cyclonic separators may also be housed in the plenum of the evaporative condenser.

Standalone and self-contained cooling systems using compressed liquid and/or gas CO.sub.2 containers positioned in an insulated or non-insulated vessel and consisting of a specially designed unit where the containers are vertically positioned in an upright or upside-down position.

The liquid and/or gas CO.sub.2 coolant is then released into capillary tube(s) embedded into a heat transfer plate or heat exchanger thus leveraging the CO.sub.2 coolant properties.

The temperature is controlled by a metering CO.sub.2 releasing system encompassing an electronic control device which can be operated remotely and/or via a touch screen and which sends alerts when pre-defined thresholds are exceeded.

The invention's metering CO.sub.2 releasing system may be triggered by an electronic or a thermostatic valve or may be triggered manually or by an electronic solenoid. The invention's cooling system also encompasses check valves, which avoid liquid and/or gas CO.sub.2 from escaping when removing or replacing CO.sub.2 containers individually.

Standalone and self-contained cooling systems using compressed liquid and/or gas CO.sub.2 containers positioned in an insulated or non-insulated vessel and consisting of a specially designed unit where the containers are vertically positioned in an upright or upside-down position.

The liquid and/or gas CO.sub.2 coolant is then released into capillary tube(s) embedded into a heat transfer plate or heat exchanger thus leveraging the CO.sub.2 coolant properties.

The temperature is controlled by a metering CO.sub.2 releasing system encompassing an electronic control device which can be operated remotely and/or via a touch screen and which sends alerts when pre-defined thresholds are exceeded.

The invention's metering CO.sub.2 releasing system may be triggered by an electronic or a thermostatic valve or may be triggered manually or by an electronic solenoid. The invention's cooling system also encompasses check valves, which avoid liquid and/or gas CO.sub.2 from escaping when removing or replacing CO.sub.2 containers individually.

A thermal management system for an enclosure containing electrical components includes a thermoelectric cooling unit for controlling temperature inside the enclosure and a controller for the cooling unit, the controller being configured so that it can be installed within and protected by the enclosure, rather than requiring its own separate secure enclosure. The controller can further be installed within a housing of the thermoelectric cooling unit, which housing does not increase the footprint of the cooling unit.

An oil separate and collect device (1) has a horizontally elongated container body (2) disposed in a horizontal orientation. A gas inlet (3), through which compressed gas containing oil flows into the container body (2), is located at an upper part on one end side of an interior of the container body (2). A gas outlet (4), through which the compressed gas from which oil has been separated flows out of the container body (2), is located at an upper part on the other end side of the interior of the container body (2). A partition board (5) divides a lower part of the interior of the container body (2) into a first chamber (6) on a gas inlet (3) side and a second chamber (7) on a gas outlet (4) side.

Standalone and self-contained cooling systems using compressed liquid and/or gas CO.sub.2 containers positioned in an insulated or non-insulated vessel and consisting of a specially designed unit where the containers are vertically positioned in an upright or upside-down position.

The liquid and/or gas CO.sub.2 coolant is then released into capillary tube(s) embedded into a heat transfer plate or heat exchanger thus leveraging the CO.sub.2 coolant properties.

The temperature is controlled by a metering CO.sub.2 releasing system encompassing an electronic control device which can be operated remotely and/or via a touch screen and which sends alerts when pre-defined thresholds are exceeded.

The invention's metering CO.sub.2 releasing system may be triggered by an electronic or a thermostatic valve or may be triggered manually or by an electronic solenoid. The invention's cooling system also encompasses check valves, which avoid liquid and/or gas CO.sub.2 from escaping when removing or replacing CO.sub.2 containers individually.

A packaged, pumped liquid, evaporative-condensing recirculating ammonia refrigeration system with charges of 10 lbs or less of refrigerant per ton of refrigeration capacity. The compressor and related components are situated inside the plenum of a standard evaporative condenser unit, and the evaporator is close coupled to the evaporative condenser. Prior art large receiver vessels may be replaced with a single or dual phase cyclonic separator also housed in the plenum of the evaporative condenser.