An apparatus includes a high side heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a load, a variable speed compressor, and a three-way valve. The high side heat exchanger removes heat from a refrigerant. The second heat exchanger removes heat from the refrigerant. The load uses the refrigerant to remove heat from a space proximate the load. The variable speed compressor compresses the refrigerant from the load and directs the compressed refrigerant to the high side heat exchanger. The three-way valve, when operating in a first mode, directs the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger to the load and when operating in a second mode, directs the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger.

A supply-water warming system includes a steam compression heat pump circuit, a heat recovery heat exchanger, a heat source fluid line in which heat source fluid flows in the heat recovery heat exchanger and the evaporator in this order, a water supply line in which supply water flows in the heat recovery heat exchanger and the condenser in this order, a refrigerant flow rate adjustment section controlled based on the superheat degree of gas refrigerant flowing into the compressor and configured to adjust a refrigerant flow rate, a supply water flow rate adjustment section controlled based on the tapping temperature of the supply water flowing out of the condenser and configured to adjust a supply water flow rate, and a control section configured to control the refrigerant flow rate adjustment section and the supply water flow rate adjustment section.

Described herein is a single unit optimizing controller (100) capable of operating any known type of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration HVACR system (an HVACR system is denote by reference numeral (101)), which include all ACR systems. HVACR system (101) takes the form of an air conditioning unit. The controller includes a communications section (102) for communicating with one or more remote controller terminal in the form of a web application (103) and a control section (104). The air conditioning unit of HVACR system (101) includes at least one cooling unit having a compressor wherein the control section is operatively associated with HVACR system (101) for selectively activating or deactivating the at least one cooling unit based on one or more settings received from web application (103) via communications section (102).

Methods are disclosed for the pressure-based determining of a product parameter in a freeze dryer, in particular a product temperature. At a point in time t.sub.START, a closing element as an intermediate valve between an ice chamber and a drying chamber of the freeze dryer is closed. Then, during a pressure rise occurring due to the sublimation pressure values (P.sub.1, P.sub.2, . . . ) are measured in the drying chamber. At a point in time t.sub.END then the closing element is opened. From the measured pressure values (P.sub.1, P.sub.2, . . . ) an approximation of a product parameter, in particular a product temperature T.sub.APPROX, is determined. The point in time t.sub.END is determined specifically for the measured pressure values (P.sub.1, P.sub.2, . . . ) such that the time span for which the closing element is closed depends on the determined pressure values and such that the time span is variable during a drying process.

The present disclosure generally relates to hot water heaters 1 that are for the use of using electricity to store heat energy for current or later use. In some embodiments, the heat energy is stored in Thermal Energy Storage 7 (TES) to store excess electrical energy for the later use of heating water. The present disclosure also relating to several species of the invention which relate to the water tank 1 being a Grid Interactive Water Heater (GIWH). Some of the embodiments disclose methods of storing heat energy at a lower temperature than the hot water in the tank, which avoids being limited to phase change materials that phase change withing the narrow range of the hot water temperature. Another embodiment makes hydrogen for the use of heating water. Another uses the exhaust heat from a heat engine to improve the overall efficiency over common CHP water heaters.

The present invention relates to a liquid cooling system with water quality monitoring, which comprises a first inlet, a first outlet, a heat exchange unit, a sensing unit, and a control unit connected to the sensing unit and a first pump. The heat exchange unit has a heat exchanger connected to the first inlet and the first pump connected to the first outlet and the heat exchanger. The first pump is used to drive a first working liquid after heat exchange in the heat exchanger. The sensing unit senses a pH value of a first working liquid to generate a sense signal. The control unit compares the sense signal with a preset pH range to generate a compared result which is sent to an external interface. By means of the design of the present invention, the pH value of water can be monitored.

An apparatus includes a high side heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a load, a variable speed compressor, and a three-way valve. The high side heat exchanger removes heat from a refrigerant. The second heat exchanger removes heat from the refrigerant. The load uses the refrigerant to remove heat from a space proximate the load. The variable speed compressor compresses the refrigerant from the load and directs the compressed refrigerant to the high side heat exchanger. The three-way valve, when operating in a first mode, directs the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger to the load and when operating in a second mode, directs the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger.

The present application provides apparatus (15) for connection to an HVAC-R system during maintenance or commissioning. The apparatus includes a plurality of ports (16, 17, 18) for fluid connection to the HVAC-R system and to maintenance apparatus, for example a refrigerant tank, a refrigerant recovery unit and/or a vacuum pump. The apparatus also includes a plurality of fluid connections (20) between the plurality of ports, each of the plurality of fluid connections having an electrically actuatable valve (21) to open and close the fluid connection. The apparatus also includes a control unit configured to control each of the electrically actuatable valves to configure the plurality of fluid connections.

A temperature controller for a sorption system having an evaporator to produce a gas, a sorber containing a sorption material to sorb the gas during a sorption phase, a flow channel extending between the evaporator and sorber to provide a gas pathway connecting them, a valve to control the rate of gas flow in the flow channel, and a temperature sensor positioned to measure the temperature of an evaporator surface or the air adjacent thereto indicative of an evaporator surface temperature, and generate a temperature signal. The controller includes an inflatable member having first and second inflation states, and a control unit configured to evaluate the temperature signal and in response control the state of inflation of the inflatable member and thereby the operation of the valve to control the rate of gas flow between the evaporator and sorber through the gas pathway.

A vapor compression refrigeration system has a main refrigerant circuit having a primary compressor group, a gas cooler or condenser, an expansion device, a liquid receiver, and at least one evaporator. An emergency circulation duct fluidically connects the liquid receiver to the main circuit to allow a flow of refrigerant from the liquid receiver to the gas cooler. An emergency compressor group in the emergency circulation duct is activatable when pressure inside the liquid receiver or in the duct upstream of the emergency compressor group meets or exceeds a predefined emergency pressure threshold. An uninterruptible power supply powers the emergency compressor group and expansion device during a shutdown of the refrigeration system. When pressure inside the liquid receiver or in the duct upstream of the emergency compressor group equals or exceeds the predefined emergency pressure threshold, an emergency circulation of refrigerant fluid is activated through the emergency circulation duct.