A bio-renewable conversion process for making fuel from bio-renewable feedstocks is combined with a hydrogen production process that includes recovery of CO.sub.2. The integrated process uses a purge gas stream comprising hydrogen from the bio-renewable hydrocarbon production process in the hydrogen production process.

A system for the removal of nitrogen from a liquid natural gas (LNG) stream. The system. comprises a feed heat changer and a stripper column. The heat receives the LNG stream and cools the LNG stream via heat exchange with a stripper column side-draw stream to yield a cooled LNG stream and a heated side-draw stream. The stripper column receives the cooled LNG stream at a first tray and the heated side-draw stream. The stripper column produces the stripper column side-draw stream, a stripper column overhead stream, and a stripper column bottom stream. The stripper column side-draw stream is taken from the stripper column at a second tray. The second tray is at least about 15 feet higher than the feed heat exchanger.

In a method for separating at least one lighter impurity of a gaseous mixture containing at least 30% mol of carbon dioxide, a liquid (101) enriched with carbon dioxide is drawn off into a vat of a distillation column (25), at least part (27) of the liquid enriched with carbon dioxide is vaporized and then heated to a first temperature higher than the boiling temperature thereof in the exchanger and leaves the exchanger at the hot end thereof, and at least part of the vaporized and heated liquid is sent from the hot end of the exchanger at the first temperature, without being cooled in the exchanger and without having been compressed, to the lower part of the distillation column, where it participates in the distillation while enriching itself.

The invention relates to a method for separating a feed gas containing at least 20 Mol % of CO2 and at least 20 Mol % of methane, by partial condensation and/or by distillation, the gas at a pressure of at least 40 bar abs, including expanding at least one portion of the feed gas in a turbine producing an expanded feed stream at a pressure of less than 90 bar abs, separating at least one portion of the expanded feed stream by partial condensation and/or by distillation thus obtaining a CO.sub.2-depleted gas and a CO.sub.2-enriched liquid, wherein the temperature of the expanded feed gas at the outlet of the turbine is below −56.6° C., and wherein the process does not use an external refrigeration source; and wherein the CO.sub.2-depleted gas is introduced into a supplementary separation step, in order to obtain a stream that is more depleted in CO.sub.2 and a CO.sub.2-rich stream.

Process for efficiently operating a natural gas liquefaction system with integrated heavies removal/natural gas liquids recovery to produce liquefied natural gas (LNG) and/or natural gas liquids (NGL) products with varying characteristics, such as, for example higher heating value (HHV) and/or propane content. Resulting LNG and/or NGL products are capable of meeting the significantly different specifications of two or more markets.

A method of constructing a plate fin heat exchanger includes joining a first side bar formed from a nickel-iron alloy to a first end of a fin element formed from a nickel-iron alloy through a first nickel-iron alloy bond, and joining a second side bar formed from a nickel-iron alloy to a second end of the fin element through a second nickel-iron alloy bond to create a first layer of the plate fin heat exchanger. The fin element defines a fluid passage.

A LNG liquefaction plant includes a propane recovery unit including an inlet for a feed gas, a first outlet for a LPG, and a second outlet for an ethane-rich feed gas, an ethane recovery unit including an inlet coupled to the second outlet for the ethane-rich feed gas, a first outlet for an ethane liquid, and a second outlet for a methane-rich feed gas, and a LNG liquefaction unit including an inlet coupled to the second outlet for the methane-rich feed gas, a refrigerant to cool the methane-rich feed gas, and an outlet for a LNG. The LNG plant may also include a stripper, an absorber, and a separator configured to separate the feed gas into a stripper liquid and an absorber vapor. The stripper liquid can be converted to an overhead stream used as a reflux stream to the absorber.

The invention relates to an integrated process and apparatus for liquefaction of natural gas and recovery of natural gas liquids. In particular, the improved process and apparatus reduces the energy consumption of a Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) unit by using a portion of the already cooled overhead vapor from a fractionation column from an NGL (natural gas liquefaction) unit to, depending upon composition, provide, for example, reflux for fractionation in the NGL unit and/or a cold feed for the LNG unit, or by cooling, within the NGL unit, a residue gas originating from a fractionation column of the NGL unit and using the resultant cooled residue gas to, depending upon composition, provide, for example, reflux/feed for fractionation in the NGL and/or a cold feed for the LNG unit, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the LNG unit and rendering the process more energy-efficient.

The invention relates to a method for condensing a carbon dioxide-rich gas stream, wherein a stream of water heated by an exchange of heat with the carbon dioxide-rich stream, which is at least partially condensed, is sent to at least one compressor (3,21) for compressing the carbon dioxide-rich stream or a fluid, the carbon dioxide-rich stream of which is derived, in order to at least partially cool at least one stage of said compressor.

A method and apparatus for liquefying a natural gas feed stream and removing nitrogen therefrom to produce a nitrogen-depleted LNG product, in which a natural gas feed stream is fed into the warm end of a main heat exchanger, cooled and at least partially liquefied, withdrawn from an intermediate location of the main heat exchanger and separated to form a nitrogen-enriched natural gas vapor stream and a nitrogen-depleted natural gas liquid stream, the liquid and vapor streams being reintroduced into an intermediate location of the main heat exchanger and further cooled in parallel to form a first LNG stream and a first at least partially liquefied nitrogen-enriched natural gas stream, respectively.