A golf club includes a club head having a volume of greater than about 360 cm.sup.3 and a mass less than 200 g. A shaft attachable to the club head has a tip end, a butt end, and a shaft balance point distance, BP.sub.s, as measured from the butt end, of no more than 19 inches. And the golf club has a mass less than 300 g.

A ball striking device, such as a golf club head, includes a face having a ball striking surface, an inner surface opposite the ball striking surface, and a thickness defined between the ball striking surface and the inner surface, and a body connected to the face and extending rearward from the face. The face has a modulus gradient across the thickness of the face, such that the modulus of the face varies at different distances from the ball striking surface. The face may also include at least one of an insert, a composite material, a multi-layered structure, and/or a portion treated by a surface treatment to contribute to the modulus gradient.

Embodiments of golf club heads having a hydrophobic surface and methods to manufacture such golf club heads are generally described herein. The golf club heads are configured to comprise a ball-striking face and at least two channels formed therein. The channels are separated by a land portion of the ball-striking face extending therebetween. The land portion is associated with at least a first step portion extending at a first elevation and a second step portion extending at a second elevation, the second elevation being higher than the first elevation relative to a bottom of the channels. Each of the first and second step portions is so dimensioned as to be associated with a substantially hydrophobic contact angle.

A golf club head has a main body including a top portion, a bottom portion opposite the top portion, a striking face, a rear portion opposite the striking face. The striking face has a striking face plane and a striking face outer periphery that is coplanar with the striking face plane. The striking face outer periphery has an outer periphery heel portion, an outer periphery toe portion opposite the outer periphery heel portion, an outer periphery top portion, and an outer periphery bottom portion opposite the outer periphery top portion. The striking face also has a recess extending rearward from the striking face plane, and the recess includes a recess periphery coplanar with the striking face plane. The striking face further has an insert disposed within the recess. The striking face additionally has a minimum periphery width separating the striking face outer periphery and the recess periphery. The periphery width is no greater than 1.25 mm.

Golf club heads include a golf club head body, a ball striking face, and a shaft engaging member configured to engage a golf club shaft with the golf club head body. The golf club head may be configured with a first piece and a second piece, which may be in the form of the shaft engaging member and a body member connected to the shaft engaging member. The shaft engaging member includes a base member and an arm extending from the base member, and the body member includes a face having a striking surface configured for striking a ball and a club head body positioned behind the face, the second piece having a receiving slot positioned behind the face, where the base member of the first piece is at least partially received within the receiving slot.

Golf club components with complex such as lattice structures, beam structures, and complex surface-based structures, are described herein. A binder jet machine is used create complex structures within these golf club components to optimize weighting, sound, and performance of golf club heads. These components may be manufactured using a method that preferably includes the steps of designing a golf club head component in CAD using optimization software, printing the component from a powdered material, and then removing excess powder from the component via port holes that extend into an external surface of the component and communicate with interior voids within the component.

Embodiments of golf club heads, golf clubs, and methods to manufacture golf club heads and golf clubs are generally described herein. In one example, a golf club head may include a body portion having a front portion, a first interior cavity in the body portion having a first opening in the front portion, a second interior cavity at least partially surrounded by the first interior cavity and having a second opening in the front portion, a first filler material at least partially filling the first interior cavity, and a second filler material at least partially filling the second interior cavity. The first face portion is attached to the front portion to close the first opening. The second face portion is attached to the front portion to close the second opening. The first filler material and the second filler material have at least one different physical property. Other examples and embodiments may be described and claimed.

A golf club head enables the initial velocity of a ball to be increased and enables the carry to be lengthened. In some example structures, the golf club includes a face plate formed from metal and club head body (e.g., a crown and sole) formed from fiber reinforced plastic. A weighted body is provided inside the rearmost portion of the golf club head and a low rigidity portion whose width becomes gradually narrower as it approaches the rearmost portion is provided in the crown extending from the vicinity of the face plate to the rearmost portion.

An iron-type golf club head according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure may include a striking face, a rear surface opposite the striking face, and a perimeter weighting element at least partially surrounding the rear surface. The club head may further include a resilient component associated with the perimeter-weighting element, the resilient component including a recess, and a preload spacer associated with the rear surface, a portion of the preload spacer engaging the recess. At least a portion of the resilient component is compressed between the preload spacer and the perimeter weighting element.

A golf club head including a club face constructed from a low modulus material for maximizing driving distance potential and a perimeter flange having a mass reducing configuration for preventing adverse influences to the center of gravity and the moment of inertia of a golf club head including the club face.