Described herein are embodiments of golf club heads having a balance of the following parameters: a low and back club head center of gravity position, a high moment of inertia, and low aerodynamic drag. Methods of manufacturing the embodiments of golf club heads having a balance of club head center of gravity position, moment of inertia, and aerodynamic drag are also described herein.

Embodiments of golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads are generally described herein. In one example, a golf club head may include a body portion having an interior cavity, a port connected to the interior cavity, a toe portion, a heel portion, a top portion, a sole portion, a back portion, a port, and a front portion having a perimeter ledge portion defining at least a portion of an outer boundary of the front portion. The example golf club head may also include a face portion having a front surface with at least one groove and a back surface opposite the front surface and associated with a total back surface area. The back surface may include a first back surface region associated with a first back surface area and a second back surface region associated with a second back surface area. The total back surface area may equal to the sum of the first back surface area and the second back surface area. The first back surface region may be located at or proximate to a perimeter portion of the back surface and coupled to the perimeter ledge portion. Other examples and embodiments may be described and claimed.

Aspects of the invention are directed to golf club having a crown, a sole, a face, and a primary alignment feature hard tooled into the golf club head. In some embodiments the golf club has a primary alignment feature comprising a line delineating a transition between at least a portion of the crown having an area of contrasting shade or color with a shade or color of the face. The primary alignment feature is hard tooled into the golf club head with the face of the golf club body.

Examples of golf club heads and methods to manufacture golf club heads are generally described herein. In one example, a top portion of a golf club head includes an alignment aid having a first plurality of strip portions and a second plurality of strip portions bounded by a virtual outline. The first plurality of strip portions have different surface areas. The second plurality of strip portions have different surface areas. The first plurality of strip portions and the second plurality of strip portions touch or border upon the virtual outline. The first plurality of strip portions are spaced apart in a rear-to-front direction of the golf club head and are ordered by decreasing surface area. The second plurality of strip portions are spaced apart in the rear-to-front direction and are ordered by decreasing surface area. Other examples and examples may be described and claimed.

A method of manufacturing a golf club head includes: providing an intermediate golf club head body; prescribing a scoreline length value based on at least a first final spatial attribute of the intermediate golf club head; and texturing a first region of the striking face to exhibit a first average surface roughness Ra1 of greater than 180 μin by surface milling in a first pass to form a plurality of arcuate micro-grooves each having a radius of curvature selected based on at least a second final spatial attribute of the intermediate golf club head. The method further includes texturing a second region of the striking face to exhibit a second average surface roughness Ra2 that is less than Ra1, and it includes forming a plurality of scorelines in the striking face, the plurality of scorelines defining a scoreline length LS substantially equal to the prescribed scoreline length value.

A golf club head having a planar strike face formed of oxidizable metal substrate including an unplated portion of the oxidizable metal substrate that is not plated and defines an oxidizable strike face surface area. A first oxidation-prevention coating permanently covers at least a portion of the body including at least a portion of the rear portion and the heel portion, and a temporary user-removable cover is located over at least a portion of the oxidizable strike face surface area and may temporarily regulate oxidation. The club head has performance and confidence inspiring ratios of the oxidizable strike face surface area divided by the total volume, as well as the oxidizable strike face surface area divided by the total planar strike face surface area, and the oxidizable strike face surface area divided by the total surface area.

Described herein are embodiments of golf club heads having a balance of the following parameters: a low and back club head center of gravity position, a high moment of inertia, and low aerodynamic drag. Methods of manufacturing the embodiments of golf club heads having a balance of club head center of gravity position, moment of inertia, and aerodynamic drag are also described herein.

A golf club head of the wood-type, including a body having a ball-striking face and a sole, is disclosed. The sole can include a wave slot for adding additional weight to the golf club head and for providing improved performance. The wave slot can include a front sidewall, a rear sidewall, and at least two waves. The waves can be positioned between the front and rear sidewalls and can each include a valley portion at the lowest point of the wave such that the valley portion does not protrude below the sole.

Embodiments of golf club heads, golf clubs, and methods to manufacture golf club heads and golf clubs are generally described herein. In one example, a golf club head includes a body portion comprising a material having a first density and an interior cavity having a filler material therein comprising a material having a second density. The golf club head also includes a first mass portion coupled to the body portion and a second mass portion coupled to the hosel portion. The first mass portion and the second mass portion comprise a material having a third density. A port on the body portion is configured to receive the first mass portion. At least a portion of the first mass portion is below a horizontal midplane of the body portion. The first density is greater than the second density. The third density is greater than the first density. A distance between a portion of the first mass portion and the hosel portion is substantially greater than a distance between the portion of the first mass portion and the toe portion edge. The first mass portion and the second mass portion have at least one different physical property. Other examples and embodiments may be described and claimed.

Some embodiments include a first golf club head and a second golf club head. The first golf club head includes a body having a face portion, and the second golf club head includes a body having a face portion. Meanwhile, the first club face portion comprises a face surface and at least one first club groove, and the second club face portion comprises a face surface and at least one second club groove. An edge radius of the first club head groove(s) can be less than an edge radius of the second club head groove(s), a base width of the first club head groove(s) can be less than a base width of the second club head groove(s), and/or a sidewall angle of the first club head groove(s) can be greater than a sidewall angle of the second club head groove(s). Other embodiments of related club heads and methods are also disclosed.