A system and method for cooling a gas using a mixed refrigerant includes a compressor system and a heat exchange system, where the compressor system may include an interstage separation device or drum with no liquid outlet, a liquid outlet in fluid communication with a pump that pumps liquid forward to a high pressure separation device or a liquid outlet through which liquid flows to the heat exchanger to be subcooled. In the last situation, the subcooled liquid is expanded and combined with an expanded cold temperature stream, which is a cooled and expanded stream from the vapor side of a cold vapor separation device, and subcooled and expanded streams from liquid sides of the high pressure separation device and the cold vapor separation device, or combined with a stream formed from the subcooled streams from the liquid sides of the high pressure separation device and the cold vapor separation device after mixing and expansion, to form a primary refrigeration stream.

A method for separating a vapor from a carrier gas is disclosed. A hydrocyclone is provided with one or more nozzles on the wall of the hydrocyclone. A cryogenic liquid is provided to the tangential feed inlet at a velocity that induces a tangential flow and a cyclone vortex in the hydrocyclone. The carrier gas is injected into the hydrocyclone through the one or more nozzles. The vapor dissolves, condenses, desublimates, or a combination thereof, forming a vapor-depleted carrier gas and a vapor-enriched cryogenic liquid. The vapor-depleted gas is drawn through the vortex finder while the vapor-enriched cryogenic liquid is drawn through the apex nozzle outlet. In this manner, the vapor is removed from the carrier gas.

A process for the purification of a gas rich in hydrocarbons and comprising at least 10 ppm by volume of hydrocarbons having at least six carbon atoms nitrogen.

Method and system for removing high freeze point components from natural gas. Feed gas is cooled in a heat exchanger and separated into a first vapor portion and a first liquid portion. The first liquid portion is reheated using the heat exchanger and separated into a high freeze point components stream and a non-freezing components stream. A portion of the non-freezing components stream may be at least partially liquefied and received by an absorber tower. The first vapor portion may be cooled and received by the absorber tower. An overhead vapor product which is substantially free of high freeze point freeze components and a bottoms product liquid stream including freeze components and non-freeze components are produced using the absorber tower.

Embodiments relate generally to systems and methods for pre-cooling a natural gas stream to a liquefaction plant. A system may comprise a compressor configured to receive a first natural gas stream at a first pressure and produce a second natural gas stream at a second pressure; an exchanger, wherein the exchanger is configured to receive the second natural gas stream as the second pressure and cool the second natural gas stream to produce a cooled natural gas stream; and an expander, wherein the expander is configured to receive the cooled natural gas stream and expand the cooled natural gas stream from the second pressure to a third pressure.

A pretreatment system and method for a floating liquid natural gas (FLNG) facility are presented. The inlet natural gas stream flows through a membrane system to remove carbon dioxide and a heat exchanger, producing first and second cooled CO.sub.2-depleted non-permeate streams. The first cooled CO.sub.2-depleted non-permeate stream is routed to additional pretreatment equipment, while the second cooled CO.sub.2-depleted non-permeate stream is routed directly to a LNG train. Alternatively, the inlet natural gas stream may flow through a membrane system to produce a single cooled CO.sub.2-depleted non-permeate stream that is routed to the LNG train after sweetening and dehydration. Because the pretreatment system delivers the incoming gas stream to the LNG train at a lower temperature than conventional systems, less energy is needed to convert the gas stream to LNG. In addition, the pretreatment system has a smaller footprint than conventional pretreatment systems.

A pretreatment system and method for a floating liquid natural gas (FLNG) facility are presented. The inlet natural gas stream flows through a membrane system to remove carbon dioxide and a heat exchanger, producing first and second cooled CO.sub.2-depleted non-permeate streams. The first cooled CO.sub.2-depleted non-permeate stream is routed to additional pretreatment equipment, while the second cooled CO.sub.2-depleted non-permeate stream is routed directly to a LNG train. Alternatively, the inlet natural gas stream may flow through a membrane system to produce a single cooled CO.sub.2-depleted non-permeate stream that is routed to the LNG train after sweetening and dehydration. Because the pretreatment system delivers the incoming gas stream to the LNG train at a lower temperature than conventional systems, less energy is needed to convert the gas stream to LNG. In addition, the pretreatment system has a smaller footprint than conventional pretreatment systems.

A system for processing a gas stream can include a physical solvent unit, an acid gas removal unit upstream or downstream of the physical solvent unit, and an LNG liquefaction unit downstream of the acid gas removal unit. The physical solvent unit is configured to receive a feed gas, remove at least a portion of any C.sub.5+ hydrocarbons in the feed gas stream using a physical solvent, and produce a cleaned gas stream comprising the feed gas stream with the portion of the C.sub.5+ hydrocarbons removed. The acid gas removal unit is configured to receive the cleaned gas stream, remove at least a portion of any acid gases present in the cleaned gas stream, and produce a treated gas stream. The LNG liquefaction unit is configured to receive the treated gas stream and liquefy at least a portion of the hydrocarbons in the treated gas stream.

Method and system for removing high freeze point components from natural gas. Feed gas is cooled in a heat exchanger and separated into a first vapor portion and a first liquid portion. The first liquid portion is reheated using the heat exchanger and separated into a high freeze point components stream and a non-freezing components stream. A portion of the non-freezing components stream may be at least partially liquefied and received by an absorber tower. The first vapor portion may be cooled and received by the absorber tower. An overhead vapor product which is substantially free of high freeze point freeze components and a bottoms product liquid stream including freeze components and non-freeze components are produced using the absorber tower.

A process for liquefying and subcooling a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, particularly natural gas, is described wherein, once cooled down, the fraction is subjected to a partial condensation to remove heavy hydrocarbons, particularly benzene, by the steps of: a) the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction is subcooled in a separate heat exchanger (normal mode), b) the supply of the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction to the heat exchanger is interrupted at the latest when a defined solid deposition value in the heat exchanger is reached (cleaning mode), c) the solid in the heat exchanger is melted with a defrost gas and drawn off from the heat exchanger and d) the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction is subsequently returned to the heat exchanger.