A booster system includes: a cooling temperature regulating unit configured to regulate a temperature of an intermediate supercritical pressure liquid cooled and generated by a main cooling unit on upstream of a pump unit according to a flow rate of a supplied cooling medium; and a pressure detection unit configured to detect inlet pressure of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid on an inlet side of the pump unit and detect outlet pressure of a target supercritical fluid on an outlet side of the pump unit. The cooling temperature regulating unit controls the flow rate of the cooling medium based on a pressure difference between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure or a pressure ratio between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure.

A booster system for increasing pressure of an object gas includes: a first compression unit that compresses the object gas to intermediate pressure equal to or higher than the critical pressure and lower than the target pressure and generates an intermediate supercritical fluid; a cooling unit that cools the intermediate supercritical fluid with a cooling medium and generates an intermediate supercritical pressure liquid; a liquid extracting and pressure reducing unit that extracts a part of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid; a flow regulating valve that regulates a flow rate of the extracted part of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid; a second compression unit that increases pressure of the rest of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid to be equal to or higher than the target pressure; and a pressure sensor that detects pressure of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid.

A batch process for producing a purified, pressurized liquid carbon dioxide stream, includes withdrawing a liquid carbon dioxide stream (A) from a liquid carbon dioxide supply (10); introducing the liquid carbon dioxide stream (A) into a distillation column (B) having packing (C) therein, and stripping volatile impurities from the liquid carbon dioxide stream with the packing; vaporizing the liquid carbon dioxide stream (A) in a sump (D) of the distillation column (B) for providing a carbon dioxide vapor; withdrawing from a vaporized portion (F) of carbon dioxide vapor in the sump (D) a first vapor stream (G) vented from the distillation column (B); withdrawing from the vaporized portion (F) of the carbon dioxide vapor in the sump (D) a second vapor portion (H) vented from the sump into a conduit (I); and introducing the second vapor portion (H) in the conduit (I) into a carbon dioxide vapor feed stream.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods useful for providing one or more chemical compounds in a substantially pure form. In particular, the systems and methods can be configured for separation of carbon dioxide from a process stream, such as a process stream in a hydrogen production system. As such, the present disclosure can provide systems and method for production of hydrogen and/or carbon dioxide.

A process for removing a foulant from a gas stream is disclosed. The gas stream, containing a foulant, is cooled across a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, producing a solid foulant entrained in cryogenic liquid as a foulant slurry, and a foulant-depleted gas stream. The foulant-depleted gas stream is passed through a cryogenic turbine and a first separation vessel, producing a light gas stream and further solid foulant. The solid foulants are recovered by a combination of pressurization, melting, and distillation to produce a liquid foulant product. Heat is recovered from the various streams in the various heat exchangers and the melter.

A process for removing a foulant from a gas stream is disclosed. The gas stream is cooled in a series of heat exchangers, causing a portion of the foulant to desublimate and become entrained in a cryogenic liquid. This foulant slurry stream is pressurized, cooled, and separated into a pressurized foulant solid stream and the cryogenic liquid stream. The pressurized foulant solid stream is melted to produce a liquid foulant stream. Heat exchange processes, both internal and external, are provided that close the heat balance of the process. In this manner, the foulant is removed from the gas stream.

Systems and methods are provided for recovering helium from a feed comprising helium, carbon dioxide, and at least one of nitrogen and methane. The feed is separated in a first separator to form helium-enriched stream and a CO.sub.2-enriched stream. The helium-enriched stream is separated in a pressure swing adsorption unit to form a helium-rich product stream and a helium-lean stream. At least a portion of the helium-lean stream is recycled to the first separator with the feed. In some embodiments, a membrane separation unit is used to enhance helium recovery.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods useful for providing one or more chemical compounds in a substantially pure form. In particular, the systems and methods can be configured for separation of carbon dioxide from a process stream, such as a process stream in a hydrogen production system. As such, the present disclosure can provide systems and method for production of hydrogen and/or carbon dioxide.

In a method for cooling a flow containing at least 35% carbon dioxide and at least 0.2 ?g/Nm.sup.3 of mercury, the mercury being in liquid and/or gas form, the flow is cooled in a first brazed aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger from a first temperature to a second temperature higher than ?38.6? C. to form a cold flow at the second temperature, and the flow cooled to the second temperature is cooled in a second heat exchanger, which is a tube and shell heat exchanger, to a third temperature lower than ?38.6? C.

An apparatus for compressing air and producing a carbon dioxide-rich fluid includes an air compressor, an element for bringing the air bound for the air compressor into contact with water to produce humidified air and cooled water, a pipe for sending the humidified compressed air from the air compressor to an installation producing a carbon dioxide-rich gas, a carbon dioxide-rich gas compressor for compressing the carbon dioxide-rich gas, at least one heat exchanger upstream and/or downstream the carbon dioxide-rich gas compressor and pipes for conveying into the heat exchanger water cooled in the contact element and the carbon dioxide-rich gas.