A booster system includes: a cooling temperature regulating unit configured to regulate a temperature of an intermediate supercritical pressure liquid cooled and generated by a main cooling unit on upstream of a pump unit according to a flow rate of a supplied cooling medium; and a pressure detection unit configured to detect inlet pressure of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid on an inlet side of the pump unit and detect outlet pressure of a target supercritical fluid on an outlet side of the pump unit. The cooling temperature regulating unit controls the flow rate of the cooling medium based on a pressure difference between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure or a pressure ratio between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure.

A carbon dioxide-rich mixture is cooled in a first brazed aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger, at least one fluid derived from the cooled mixture is sent to a purification step having a distillation step and/or at least two successive partial condensation steps, the purification step produces a carbon dioxide-depleted gas which heats up again in the first exchanger, the purification step produces a carbon-dioxide rich liquid which is expanded, then sent to a second heat exchanger where it is heated by means of a fluid of the method, the exchanger carrying out an indirect heat exchange only between the carbon dioxide-rich liquid and the fluid of the method, the carbon dioxide-rich liquid at least partially vaporizes in the second exchanger and the vaporized gas formed heats up again in the first exchanger to form a carbon dioxide-rich gas which can be the end product of the method.

A booster system for increasing pressure of an object gas includes: a first compression unit that compresses the object gas to intermediate pressure equal to or higher than the critical pressure and lower than the target pressure and generates an intermediate supercritical fluid; a cooling unit that cools the intermediate supercritical fluid with a cooling medium and generates an intermediate supercritical pressure liquid; a liquid extracting and pressure reducing unit that extracts a part of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid; a flow regulating valve that regulates a flow rate of the extracted part of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid; a second compression unit that increases pressure of the rest of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid to be equal to or higher than the target pressure; and a pressure sensor that detects pressure of the intermediate supercritical pressure liquid.

A batch process for producing a purified, pressurized liquid carbon dioxide stream, includes withdrawing a liquid carbon dioxide stream (A) from a liquid carbon dioxide supply (10); introducing the liquid carbon dioxide stream (A) into a distillation column (B) having packing (C) therein, and stripping volatile impurities from the liquid carbon dioxide stream with the packing; vaporizing the liquid carbon dioxide stream (A) in a sump (D) of the distillation column (B) for providing a carbon dioxide vapor; withdrawing from a vaporized portion (F) of carbon dioxide vapor in the sump (D) a first vapor stream (G) vented from the distillation column (B); withdrawing from the vaporized portion (F) of the carbon dioxide vapor in the sump (D) a second vapor portion (H) vented from the sump into a conduit (I); and introducing the second vapor portion (H) in the conduit (I) into a carbon dioxide vapor feed stream.

The present disclosure relates to systems and methods useful for providing one or more chemical compounds in a substantially pure form. In particular, the systems and methods can be configured for separation of carbon dioxide from a process stream, such as a process stream in a hydrogen production system. As such, the present disclosure can provide systems and method for production of hydrogen and/or carbon dioxide.

The present invention provides a method of liquefying a contaminated hydrocarbon-containing gas stream: (a) providing a CO2 contaminated hydrocarbon-containing gas stream (20); (b) cooling the contaminated hydrocarbon-containing gas stream to obtain a partially liquefied stream (70); (c) separating the partially liquefied stream obtaining a liquid stream (90); (d) cooling the liquid stream (90) in a direct contact heat exchanger (200) obtaining a multiphase stream (201) containing at least a liquid phase and a solid CO2 phase; (e) separating the multiphase stream in a solid-liquid separator (202) obtaining a CO2 depleted liquid stream (141); (f) passing the CO2 depleted liquid stream (141) to a further cooling, pressure reduction and separation stage to generate a further CO2 enriched slurry stream (206); (g) passing at least part of the further CO2 enriched slurry stream (206) to the direct contact heat exchanger (200) to provide cooling duty to and mix with the liquid stream (90).

An apparatus for separation of a flow containing at least 95 mol % of carbon dioxide and also at least one impurity lighter than carbon dioxide by distillation comprises a heat exchanger (20), a distillation column (30), expansion means (V3), means for sending the flow to be cooled in the heat exchanger, means for sending the cooled flow to be separated in the distillation column, means for withdrawing at the bottom of the column a liquid flow containing at least 99 mol % of carbon dioxide, means for sending at least a portion (12) of the liquid flow to be cooled in the heat exchanger to form a subcooled liquid (3), means for sending at least a portion of the subcooled liquid to the expansion means to produce a two-phase flow, a phase separator (40) for separating the two-phase flow to form a gas and a liquid, means for sending at least a portion (14) of the liquid from the phase separator to be vaporized in the heat exchanger and means for taking a portion (4) of the liquid from the phase separator.

A process for removing a foulant from a gas stream is disclosed. The gas stream, containing a foulant, is cooled across a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, producing a solid foulant entrained in cryogenic liquid as a foulant slurry, and a foulant-depleted gas stream. The foulant-depleted gas stream is passed through a cryogenic turbine and a first separation vessel, producing a light gas stream and further solid foulant. The solid foulants are recovered by a combination of pressurization, melting, and distillation to produce a liquid foulant product. Heat is recovered from the various streams in the various heat exchangers and the melter.

A process for removing a foulant from a gas stream is disclosed. The gas stream is cooled in a series of heat exchangers, causing a portion of the foulant to desublimate and become entrained in a cryogenic liquid. This foulant slurry stream is pressurized, cooled, and separated into a pressurized foulant solid stream and the cryogenic liquid stream. The pressurized foulant solid stream is melted to produce a liquid foulant stream. Heat exchange processes, both internal and external, are provided that close the heat balance of the process. In this manner, the foulant is removed from the gas stream.

An apparatus is provided for maintaining a steady flow rate and pressure of a carbon dioxide stream at high pressure when a low-pressure source of the carbon dioxide varies with time. Liquid level in an accumulator that is sized to accommodate variations in supply rate is controlled by sub-cooling of liquid entering the accumulator and heating in the accumulator, the sub-cooling and heating being controlled by a pressure controller operable in the accumulator.