A fixture for use in an additive manufacturing and heat treatment process is disclosed. The fixture includes a tool with an upper surface and a lower surface, and an attachment system configured to releasably secure a substrate to the upper surface of the tool. The tool includes a body with an upper face and a lower face, and a reinforcement layer cladding the upper or lower face of the body. The reinforcement layer may be a superalloy.

A continuous annealing apparatus includes: a pre-treatment device to prepare a strip unwound from a coil; a heating device to heat the strip prepared by the pre-treatment device; a heat holding device to isothermally maintain the strip heated by the heating device; a first cooling device to cool the strip heat-maintained by the heat holding device; an annealing device including a first annealing device for annealing the strip, which, is cooled by the first cooling device, for a first time, and a second annealing device for winding the strip, which is cooled by the first cooling device, into a coil and then unwinding the coil into the strip again after annealing for a second time; a second cooling device to cool the strip annealed by the first annealing device or the second annealing device; and a post-treatment device to wind the strip cooled by the second cooling device into the coil.

A continuous annealing apparatus includes: a pre-treatment device to prepare a strip unwound from a coil; a heating device to heat the strip prepared by the pre-treatment device; a heat holding device to isothermally maintain the strip heated by the heating device; a first cooling device to cool the strip heat-maintained by the heat holding device; an annealing device including a first annealing device for annealing the strip, which, is cooled by the first cooling device, for a first time, and a second annealing device for winding the strip, which is cooled by the first cooling device, into a coil and then unwinding the coil into the strip again after annealing for a second time; a second cooling device to cool the strip annealed by the first annealing device or the second annealing device; and a post-treatment device to wind the strip cooled by the second cooling device into the coil.

An industrial scale smelting system that processes large quantities of ore in a production manner for recovery of a plurality of elements in useful quantities using a furnace system and a plurality of electrowinning processes with the option of raw material recovery and recirculation capabilities.

An industrial scale smelting system that processes large quantities of ore in a production manner for recovery of a plurality of elements in useful quantities using a furnace system and a plurality of electrowinning processes with the option of raw material recovery and recirculation capabilities.

The present disclosure relates to a method for producing steel in an integrated metallurgical plant comprising at least one direct reduction reactor for directly reducing iron ore to give sponge iron, at least one electric furnace for melting the sponge iron to give pig iron or crude steel, at least one blast furnace for smelting iron ore to give pig iron, and at least one converter for refining pig iron to give crude steel. In accordance with the invention, the process gas discharged from the direct reduction reactor is admixed at least partly to the hot blast air and/or at least partly to an optional charging material, said air and/or said material being blown into the blast furnace.

The invention makes public heating apparatus for vertically and helically conveying workpiece, including the main bracket, on which interconnected heating furnace and cooling furnace are arranged in parallel; The bracket is placed inside the heating furnace, the 1.sup.st spiral supporting plate is spiraling on the bracket, and conveyer belt is arranged on the 1.sup.st spiral supporting plate along spiral direction; one or multiple gas inlet/inlets are set on the heating furnace body to fill protective gas into furnace;

The 2.sup.nd spiral supporting plate is spiraling vertically inside the mentioned cooling furnace; the direction of the mentioned conveyer belt inside the cooling furnace is uniform to that of the 2.sup.nd spiral supporting plate; drive mechanism for conveyer belt is installed on the mentioned main bracket. One or multiple gas inlet/inlets are set on the cooling furnace body to fill protective gas into furnace; the conveyer belt runs through the mentioned heating furnace and cooling furnace and forms one loop via drive mechanism. The protective atmosphere spiral conveying heating furnace and spiral conveying cooling device is energy-saving and space saving with high efficiency.

The invention makes public heating apparatus for vertically and helically conveying workpiece, including the main bracket, on which interconnected heating furnace and cooling furnace are arranged in parallel; The bracket is placed inside the heating furnace, the 1.sup.st spiral supporting plate is spiraling on the bracket, and conveyer belt is arranged on the 1.sup.st spiral supporting plate along spiral direction; one or multiple gas inlet/inlets are set on the heating furnace body to fill protective gas into furnace;

The 2.sup.nd spiral supporting plate is spiraling vertically inside the mentioned cooling furnace; the direction of the mentioned conveyer belt inside the cooling furnace is uniform to that of the 2.sup.nd spiral supporting plate; drive mechanism for conveyer belt is installed on the mentioned main bracket. One or multiple gas inlet/inlets are set on the cooling furnace body to fill protective gas into furnace; the conveyer belt runs through the mentioned heating furnace and cooling furnace and forms one loop via drive mechanism. The protective atmosphere spiral conveying heating furnace and spiral conveying cooling device is energy-saving and space saving with high efficiency.

An industrial scale smelting system for using arc furnaces for processing large quantities of ore in a production manner for recovery of a plurality of elements in useful quantities using a plurality of electrowinning processes with the options of providing efficient energy recovery and raw material recovery and recirculation capabilities.

An electric glass hot shop system is described herein that has at least one electrically powered heating unit (e.g., electric furnace, electric glory hole, electric pipe warmer, electric color box, electric annealer, electric crucible kiln) used in the processing of glass.