In a monolithic refractory, in terms of a proportion in 100 mass % of a refractory raw material having a grain size of 8 mm or smaller, an amount of Ca.sub.XSr.sup.1XAl.sub.2O.sub.4 (where, 0X0.5) is 0.5 mass % or more and 10 mass % or less, and a polyvalent metal salt of oxycarboxylic acid is 0.05 mass % or more and 1.0 mass % or less.

Refractory anchoring devices include a main anchor body and a mounting stud. The main anchor body includes a plurality of anchor branch segments angled with respect to one another and a plurality of extension segments, each extension segment extends outwardly from a respective one of the plurality of anchor branch segments. The mounting includes a bottom vessel-attaching portion and an upper anchor-attaching portion that is wider than the bottom vessel-attaching portion. The upper anchor-attaching portion includes a notch that is configured to at least partially receive the main anchor body.

Refractory anchoring devices include a main anchor body and a mounting stud. The main anchor body includes a plurality of anchor branch segments angled with respect to one another and a plurality of extension segments, each extension segment extends outwardly from a respective one of the plurality of anchor branch segments. The mounting includes a bottom vessel-attaching portion and an upper anchor-attaching portion that is wider than the bottom vessel-attaching portion. The upper anchor-attaching portion includes a notch that is configured to at least partially receive the main anchor body.

An insulating concrete shell made of refractory cast concrete or refractory tamped concrete for insulating uprights or supporting tubes in a walking beam furnace or pusher-type furnace. The insulating concrete shell is shell-shaped and has a sheet metal strip on the inner side at each end, with which the insulating concrete shell can be fastened to an upright or to a supporting tube. The two sheet metal strips are connected to each other by wires, whereby the two wires are completely embedded in the cast or tamped concrete. A method for manufacturing an insulating concrete shell is also disclosed.

An unshaped product including, as weight percentages, A) particles (a) of at least one refractory material other than a glass and a glass-ceramic, and the main constituent(s) of which are alumina and/or zirconia and/or silica and/or chromium oxide: B) 2% to 15% of particles (b) of a hot binder chosen from glass-ceramic particles, particles made of a glass, and the mixtures of these particles, a glass being a noncrystalline material exhibiting a glass transition temperature of less than 1100 C., the hot binder not being in the solid state at 1500 C., C) less than 2% of particles (c) of hydraulic cement, D) less than 7% of other constituents, the combined particles (a) and (b) being distributed, as weight percentages in the following way: fraction <0.5 m: 1%, fraction <2 m: 4%, fraction <10 m: 13%, fraction <40 m: 25%-52%.

A ceramic liner can include a monolithic body having a surface portion and a bulk portion. The surface portion can have a thickness less than the total thickness of the monolithic body. The monolithic body can include an amorphous phase. The amorphous phase can be discontinuous. At least one member of the discontinuous phase can be embedded in the surface portion. The bulk portion can be substantially free of the amorphous phase. A method of forming a ceramic liner can include providing a furnace with a coating and a bulk material of the ceramic liner and heating the bulk material and the coating. In an embodiment, a coated lining form can be used to provide the coating. In a particular embodiment, the coating can be transferred to the bulk material from the coated lining form.

A ceramic liner can include a monolithic body having a surface portion and a bulk portion. The surface portion can have a thickness less than the total thickness of the monolithic body. The monolithic body can include an amorphous phase. The amorphous phase can be discontinuous. At least one member of the discontinuous phase can be embedded in the surface portion. The bulk portion can be substantially free of the amorphous phase. A method of forming a ceramic liner can include providing a furnace with a coating and a bulk material of the ceramic liner and heating the bulk material and the coating. In an embodiment, a coated lining form can be used to provide the coating. In a particular embodiment, the coating can be transferred to the bulk material from the coated lining form.

A process for producing an anti-erosion coating on an inner or outer metal wall of a chamber of a fluid catalytic cracking unit, comprising: (i) the shaping of a honeycomb metal anchoring structure, said anchoring structure being formed from a plurality of strips connected in pairs by joining assembly portions of these strips so as to form a plurality of cells between two adjacent strips, (ii) the fastening of said anchoring structure by welding to said metal wall, so that each cell of the anchoring structure is welded to the wall of the chamber at least at the junctions between the contiguous assembly portions of two adjacent strips, and (iii) the insertion of a composite material into the cells from the metal wall and at least up to the upper longitudinal edge of each strip.

A process for producing an anti-erosion coating on an inner or outer metal wall of a chamber of a fluid catalytic cracking unit, comprising: (i) the shaping of a honeycomb metal anchoring structure, said anchoring structure being formed from a plurality of strips connected in pairs by joining assembly portions of these strips so as to form a plurality of cells between two adjacent strips, (ii) the fastening of said anchoring structure by welding to said metal wall, so that each cell of the anchoring structure is welded to the wall of the chamber at least at the junctions between the contiguous assembly portions of two adjacent strips, and (iii) the insertion of a composite material into the cells from the metal wall and at least up to the upper longitudinal edge of each strip.

A monolithic refractory castable material comprises from about 25 to about 80 weight percent of graphite, from about 1 to about 15 weight percent of a water dispersible, curable phenolic novolac resin, and from about 70 to about 15 weight percent of one or more refractory aggregates, based on the weight of the monolithic refractory castable material. The monolithic refractory castable material is water dispersible and may be delivered to a structure surface by casting, pumping, shotcreting or gunning processes. In one embodiment, the monolithic refractory castable material may be employed to install or replace a blast furnace lining.