A controller includes a non-transitory computer readable medium configured to store information related to a target temperature of a wafer, a target temperature of a heating element, a temperature of the wafer, and a temperature of the heating element. The controller further includes a processor connected to the non-transitory computer readable medium, the processor configured to generate at least one heating signal during a baking process to adjust a duration of an entirety of the baking process in response to the temperature of the wafer and the temperature of the heating element.

A system for generating a user-adjustable furnace profile, comprises a user interface configured to receive one or more materials properties from a user, a processor, and a memory with computer code instructions stored thereon. The memory is operatively coupled to the processor such that, when executed by the processor, the computer code instructions cause the system to implement communicating with a furnace to ascertain one or more thermal processes associated with the furnace, identifying one or more object characteristics associated with an object to be processed by furnace, and determining a thermal processing parameter profile of at least one thermal processing parameter corresponding to each of the thermal processes, based on (i) the one or more part characteristics and (ii) the one or more materials properties, the thermal processing parameter profile characterizing a cycle of the one or more thermal processes.

A process for measuring wear of a refractory lining of a receptacle intended to contain molten metal, containing the following steps: scanning a first surface of the refractory lining using a first laser scanner in order to obtain a first initial set of data representative of the first surface, scanning a second surface of the refractory lining using a second laser scanner, distinct from the first laser scanner, in order to obtain a second initial set of data representative of the second surface, wherein the second surface includes a grey zone for the first laser scanner, the receptacle defining an obstacle located between the first laser scanner and the grey zone during scanning by the first laser scanner, and calculating a final set of data using the first initial set of data and the second initial set of data, the final set of data being representative of a surface of the refractory lining including the first surface and the second surface.

A cooler for cooling clinker of a cement production plant may include an aeration grate for conveying the clinker in a conveying direction, a ventilator for generating a cooling air flow that passes the aeration grate as a cross flow, and a measuring plane disposed above the aeration grate. The measuring plane may have a temperature measuring installation for ascertaining a temperature distribution in the measuring plane. The cooler may also include an open-loop/closed-loop control installation configured in an open loop/closed loop to control a conveying rate of the clinker and/or a flow rate of the cooling air flow as a function of the ascertained temperature distribution. Further, a corresponding method can be utilized to operate a cooler for cooling clinker.

A glass furnace including a refractory portion defining a hot face in contact or intended to be in contact with molten glass or with a gaseous environment in contact with molten glass, and a cold face at a distance from the hot face, and a temperature measurement device. The temperature measurement device including a waveguide that includes a measurement portion including at least one temperature measurement sensor configured to send a response signal in response to the injection of an interrogation signal into the waveguide. The temperature measurement device including an interrogator connected to an input of the waveguide and configured to inject the interrogation signal into the input, to receive the response signal returned by the sensor in response to the injection of the interrogation signal, to analyze the response signal received and to transmit a message according to the analysis.

Systems and methods of non-contact tensioning of a metal strip during metal processing include passing the metal strip adjacent a magnetic rotor. The magnetic rotor is spaced apart from the metal strip by a first distance. The systems and methods also include tensioning the metal strip through the magnetic rotor by rotating the magnetic rotor. Rotating the magnetic rotor induces a magnetic field into the metal strip such that the metal strip is tensioned in an upstream direction or a downstream direction. In other aspects, rotating the magnetic rotor induces a magnetic field into the metal strip such that a force normal to a surface of the metal strip is applied to the metal strip.

A production apparatus and method for electric arc furnace steelmaking with a fully continuous ultra-short process are provided. A continuous adding, melting, smelting and continuous casting of a metal material are integrated, and a metallurgy process is completed in a flowing of a molten steel, to realize a continuous production of ingot blanks. The production apparatus includes four operation sites of an electric arc furnace for melting and primary refining, a sealed tapping chute for molten steel flowing, a refinement storage bed for molten-steel desulfurization and alloying and a conticaster for continuous casting A material flow, an energy flow and a time stream in the four operation sites are in a dynamic equilibrium. The production apparatus and method realize a molten-steel casting is started within 120 minutes after the metal material is started to be continuously added, and an uninterrupted continuous production is maintained for above 80 hours.

The invention relates to a chamber (1) for the controlled oxidation of metal strips in a furnace for annealing a continuous production line of strips which are hot-coated, for example by galvanisation, the oxidation chamber allowing the oxidation of the metal strips by means of an oxidising gas injected on at least one of the faces of a strip (15), the oxidation chamber comprising oxidation portions (17) extending over the width and/or length thereof, each portion comprising at least one blow opening (4) and at least one suction opening (5) between which an oxidising gas circulates, each portion being controllable in a different way so as to adjust the oxidation induced on the strip over the width and length of the oxidation chamber.

A fire testing device for testing fire-resistance properties of a test subject includes a cavity, a heat source adapted to heat the cavity, and a removable separation plate configured to subdivide the cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber. The heat source is arranged in the first changer and adapted to preheat the first chamber. The second chamber includes an opening adapted to receive the test subject. A fire-resistance test of the test subject may include activating the removable separation plate to subdivide the cavity into the first chamber and the second chamber, arranging the test subject at an opening of the second chamber, preheating the first chamber to a defined temperature using the heat source, deactivating the removable separation plate to provide an undivided cavity, and sustaining a heat supply to the cavity using the heat source.

A method of manufacture for a carbon/carbon part including a method to remove contamination from an intermediate product of the carbon/carbon part and furnace utilizing a gaseous reducing agent hydrogen gas to reduce the contaminates, thereby causing the contaminates to transition to a gaseous state at relatively lower temperatures. A method to remove contamination from an intermediate product of the carbon/carbon part and furnace utilizing hydrogen gas to reduce the contaminates, thereby causing the contaminates to transition to a gaseous state at relatively lower temperatures.