A process for removing sulphur dioxide from the gaseous effluent of a smelter furnace comprising the steps of: providing the gaseous effluent from a smelter; separating the sulphur dioxide from the gaseous effluent to provide concentrated sulphur dioxide and effluent for discharge into the atmosphere; mixing the concentrated sulphur dioxide with a fuel gas; heating the mixture such that the concentrated sulphur dioxide and fuel gas react to form a gaseous product mixture comprising sulphur and hydrogen sulphide; and removing the majority of preferably substantially all of the sulphur and hydrogen sulphide from the gaseous product mixture; wherein the remaining gaseous product mixture is incinerated before being vented into the atmosphere or is recycled into the smelter furnace.

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of magnesium metallurgy, and in particular to a device and method for magnesium smelting by vacuum carbothermal reduction of calcined dolomite. The device includes a reaction chamber, a condensation chamber, a first temperature regulation module and an air pressure regulation module, and the reaction chamber is communicated with the condensation chamber via a gas-guide tube. In the present disclosure, different condensation zones are utilized to sequentially condense gaseous products based on dew points, effectively preventing impurities from entering the condensation process of magnesium. Additionally, based on dynamic equilibrium in the condensation process of the gaseous products within the condensation chamber, efficient condensation and collection of magnesium in the condensation zone at middle section is ensured while preventing reverse reaction between magnesium and CO in the condensation zone of magnesium, enhancing the condensation-based purification effect.

Provided is a method for preparing zirconium boride through electric smelting. The method includes: mixing a zirconium source, boric anhydride, and a carbon source to obtain a furnace charge; conducting a smelting by feeding the furnace charge into a three-phase electric arc furnace and melting, subjecting a resulting material to refinement, heat preservation, and homogenization in sequence; heat preserving a resulting product for 1 hour to 2 hours after the smelting, and turning off the three-phase electric arc furnace; removing a resulting furnace shell and natural cooling a resulting melt; and crushing the resulting melt, selecting and removing a material skin; crushing a resulting selected material and selecting again, and removing a loose lump and collecting a dense lumpy material; and crushing the dense lumpy material, and then testing to qualify as a finished product.

Provided is a system to measure the percentage of copper concentrate in the melting stage in-line and in real-time, it consists of at least four (1) electrodes inserted aligned through the refractory wall (2) of a smelting furnace, so that one end of each of the electrodes (1) remains on the outside of the furnace and the other end is inserted in the middle where the reaction occurs; i.e., inserted into the smelting bath, with these electrodes (1) connected to a signal amplifier which in turn is connected to signal generator, in which said power generator sends a replicated signal from the signal generator, sending the current-increased signals for charges with resistances of less than 0.1 ohm, and with bandwidths of 3 MHz, in which the power amplification sends the power signal to the electrodes (1) at the ends of the alignment so that the electrodes (1) that remain in the center receive the resistivity reading once the signal has been sent.

A system for treating tin smelting intermediate materials and method for treating the materials is disclosed. The system includes a fuming furnace, an electric settling furnace, a lean slag water quenching pool, a matte ladle, a pulverized coal injection system, a flue gas treatment system and a secondary air supply system; the fuming furnace is connected with the electric settling furnace, the pulverized coal injection system, the flue gas treatment system and the secondary air supply system respectively; the electric settling furnace is also connected with the slag-lean water quenching pool and the matte ladle respectively. The system and method disclosed by the disclosure can efficiently classify, separate and recover tin from other materials, solve the problems of difficult sales and transportation of complex tin-containing smelting intermediate materials and economic loss of discounted sales, and transform hazardous wastes into value-added valuable materials for comprehensive recovery.

The disclosure relates to a gas heater assembly (1) for a gas heating process, the assembly (1) comprising: a burner body (4) comprising a burner chamber (6) for burning an injecting fuel (8) and an oxidizing gas (10), which burner chamber (6) is arranged in a cavity (2) of the burning body (4); a first conveying pipe (12) for supplying the injecting fuel (8) to the burner chamber (6); a second conveying pipe (14) for supplying the oxidizing gas (10) to the burner chamber (6); a burner housing (16), comprising a housing wall (25), which is configured to encircle the burner body (4) and to create a first annular channel (18) for a gas (20) in a space (22) between the outside of the burner body (4) and the inside of the housing wall (25) of the burner housing (16); and at least one burner body support (26), which is configured to support and centre the burner body (4) in the burner housing (16), wherein the burner body (4) comprises a flame opening (28) for a burning flame (30), which is configured to heat the gas (20) which passing the first annular channel (18). The disclosure further relates to a system (42) for a gas heating process.

The present invention is directed to photonic furnaces and methods of using the same to produce metal products from a precursor material such as oxides of metal, comprising one or more light sources producing a light beam, the light beam having a wavelength shorter than 600 nm, a reaction chamber with a precursor material inlet, a product outlet, and wherein the one or more light sources is capable of providing a sufficient power density at a beam impact area of the light beam to raise a temperature of the beam impact area to cause the reduction of the precursor material into metal.