A heat recovery apparatus, system and method of using the same. The heat recovery apparatus includes a particulate inlet, a particulate distributor in fluid communication with the particulate inlet, a cavity in fluid communication with the particulate distributor, a plurality of pipes contained within the cavity and configured for transmission of a heat transfer fluid therethrough, and a particulate outlet in fluid communication with the cavity.

A method of forming a superhydrophobic layer on a motor vehicle heat exchanger housing includes the steps of flowing a precursor gas of a mixture of heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrodecyl, trimethoxysilane (HTMS) and a carrier gas into a reaction chamber and depositing the superhydrophobic layer on the motor vehicle heat exchanger housing by chemical vapor deposition. A heat exchanger having a heat exchanger housing with a superhydrophobic layer made by the chemical vapor deposition method is also disclosed.

Provided is an energy storage device, including: a first heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between gas and solid particles; a gas supplier configured to supply gas to the first heat exchanger; a heater configured to consume power to heat any one of or both of gas fed from the gas supplier to be supplied to the first heat exchanger and gas present in the first heat exchanger; a solid-gas separator configured to separate gas and solid in a solid-gas mixture discharged from the first heat exchanger; a high-temperature tank and a low-temperature tank each configured to store the solid particles separated by the solid-gas separator; a first heat utilization device configured to use thermal energy of the gas separated by the solid-gas separator; a high-temperature particle supplier configured to supply the solid particles stored in the high-temperature tank to the first heat exchanger; and a low-temperature particle supplier configured to supply the solid particles stored in the low-temperature tank to the first heat exchanger.

Provided is an energy storage device, including: a first heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between gas and solid particles; a gas supplier configured to supply gas to the first heat exchanger; a heater configured to consume power to heat any one of or both of gas fed from the gas supplier to be supplied to the first heat exchanger and gas present in the first heat exchanger; a solid-gas separator configured to separate gas and solid in a solid-gas mixture discharged from the first heat exchanger; a high-temperature tank and a low-temperature tank each configured to store the solid particles separated by the solid-gas separator; a first heat utilization device configured to use thermal energy of the gas separated by the solid-gas separator; a high-temperature particle supplier configured to supply the solid particles stored in the high-temperature tank to the first heat exchanger; and a low-temperature particle supplier configured to supply the solid particles stored in the low-temperature tank to the first heat exchanger.

Methods and devices for long-duration electricity storage using low-cost thermal energy storage and high-efficiency power cycle, are disclosed. In some embodiments it has the potential for superior long-duration, low-cost energy storage.

Processes and systems applying day cycle temperature changes in conjunction with cool storage are provided. A thermal energy storage material is placed in heat transfer communication with lower temperature nighttime air resulting in a cooled thermal energy storage material. The cooled thermal energy storage material is subsequently utilized to cool an item such as a supply of higher temperature air, such as daytime air, or a cooling medium.

A rotating heat regenerator is used to recover heat from the syngas at it exits the reactor vessel of a waste or biomass gasifier. In some embodiments, three or more streams are passed through the heat exchanger. One stream is the dirty syngas, which heats the rotating material. A second stream is a cold stream that is heated as it passes through the material. A third stream is a cleaning stream, which serves to remove particulates that are collected on the rotating material as the dirty syngas passes through it. This apparatus can also be used as an auto-heat exchanger, or it can exchange heat between separate flows in the gasifier process. The apparatus can also be used to reduce the heating requirement for the thermal residence chamber (TRC) used downstream from the gasification system.

A rotating heat regenerator is used to recover heat from the syngas at it exits the reactor vessel of a waste or biomass gasifier. In some embodiments, three or more streams are passed through the heat exchanger. One stream is the dirty syngas, which heats the rotating material. A second stream is a cold stream that is heated as it passes through the material. A third stream is a cleaning stream, which serves to remove particulates that are collected on the rotating material as the dirty syngas passes through it. This apparatus can also be used as an auto-heat exchanger, or it can exchange heat between separate flows in the gasifier process. The apparatus can also be used to reduce the heating requirement for the thermal residence chamber (TRC) used downstream from the gasification system.

A number of variations may include a vehicle system which includes an engine. The vehicle system may also include a phase change material which may be disposed in a phase change material device. The phase change material may be released into a vehicle cooling system upon user command. The PCM device may be constructed and arranged to increase a temperature of a vehicle cabin without the engine being turned on when the phase change material is released.

A number of variations may include a vehicle system which includes an engine. The vehicle system may also include a phase change material which may be disposed in a phase change material device. The phase change material may be released into a vehicle cooling system upon user command. The PCM device may be constructed and arranged to increase a temperature of a vehicle cabin without the engine being turned on when the phase change material is released.