An heat exchanger and method for forming the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger including a cooling architecture comprising at least one unit cell having a set of walls with a thickness, the set of walls defining fluidly separate conduits having multiple openings, each of the multiple openings having a hydraulic diameter, wherein an average fluid temperature (T.sub.f) to material temperature limit (T.sub.m) ratio (T.sub.f/T.sub.m) is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1.25 (0<T.sub.f/T.sub.m≤1.25), and wherein the thickness (t) and the hydraulic diameter (D.sub.H) relate to each other by an equation:

[00001]$\frac{T_f}{T_m}.Math.\frac{D_H^{2/3}\left(D_H+t\right)}{{\left(D_H+2t\right)}^{8/3}}$

to define a unit cell performance factor (UCPF).

A heat pipe including a pipe body. The pipe body has an evaporation portion and a condensation portion. The condensation portion is connected to the evaporation portion. The condensation portion includes a condensation end. The evaporation portion includes an evaporation end. The evaporation end and/or the condensation end are/is in a rectangular shape.

A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between first and second fluids, comprising first fluid channels extending in a longitudinal direction for carrying a first fluid, and second fluid channels extending in the longitudinal direction for carrying a second fluid, wherein the first and second fluid channels are arranged in an alternating pattern such that each of a plurality of the first channels is located laterally between second channels and each of a plurality of second channels is located laterally between first channels, and wherein the second fluid channels extend longitudinally beyond ends of the first fluid channels, and have ends that decrease in cross section such that the first fluid is able to pass around and between the ends of the second channels.

An apparatus of a thermal management system and method of operating therein may include an outer annular support member that extends about an outer axis of the outer annular support member, and an inner annular support member that is nested within the outer annular support member. The inner annular support member extends about an inner axis of the inner annular support member. The inner annular support member has a size that is less than a size of the outer annular support member. The apparatus may include plural tubes that connect with and radially extend from the outer annular support member to the inner annular support member. Each of the plural tubes may extend along different pathways between the outer annular support member and the inner annular support member.

A heat exchanger core comprises a plurality of tubes extending along a first fluid axis, each of the plurality of tubes comprising a leading edge, a trailing edge opposite the leading edge, and a pair of oppositely disposed sidewalls extending from the leading edge to the trailing edge. The leading edge, trailing edge, and the pair of sidewalls define an inner surface and an outer surface of each of the plurality of tubes. Each of a first subset of the plurality of tubes further comprises a roughened region on the outer surface of one of the pair of sidewalls.

According to various embodiments of the invention, a heat exchanger can have at least one duct for conveying a coolant, wherein the at least one duct has a first section and a second section, the first section being arranged in the at least one duct upstream relative to the second section, in relation to a flow direction of the coolant, the second section having a cross section area that is larger than a cross section area of the first section, such that a sublimation of the coolant in the second section is made possible.

A multiple-stage fractal heat exchanger includes two or more first fluid flow paths arranged adjacent to one another. Each first fluid flow path is defined by a main inlet channel on one side which diverges into two or more smaller channels to form a central first fluid flow path. In each of the two or more first fluid flow paths. The two or more smaller channels converge away from the central first fluid flow path into a main outlet channel on an opposite side of the first fluid flow path to the main inlet channel. The main outlet channel of each of the two or more first fluid flow paths is configured to be connected to the main inlet channel of an adjacent first fluid flow path.

Disclosed is a heat exchanger. An end cover is assembled and fixed to a port of a first header in a lengthwise direction or a port of a second header in a lengthwise direction, and the end cover includes a body and a first opening formed in the body. The body includes a second cavity and a first recess. The first recess includes a first bottom wall close to the first opening, the first bottom wall is provided with a third opening, the third opening is in communication with the first opening and the second cavity, and the first opening is farther away from an inner cavity of the first header or an inner cavity of the second header than the second cavity. The open area of the first recess is larger than that of the third opening.

A radiator assembly in which numerous fins of a cooling element extending between two coolant channels of the cooling element are divided into at least two different cooling zone, a ventilator of the radiator assembly at least partially covers a first cooling zone of the at least two different cooling zones with respect to a direction extending from the ventilator module toward the cooling element, and a gap width of a gap between two adjacent fins in the first cooling zone is greater than that in a second cooling zone of the at least two different cooling zones.

A counter-flow heat exchanger core includes a first wall defining a longitudinal axis. The first flow path is defined within the first wall. The first flow path includes a primary flow inlet and a primary flow outlet downstream from the primary flow inlet. The heat exchanger core includes at least two hollow vanes circumferentially spaced apart and extending in a radially inward direction from the first wall. Each of the at least two hollow vanes includes a first vane wall and a second vane wall. The heat exchanger core includes a second flow path defined within the at least two hollow vanes between the first vane wall and second vane wall of each of the at least two hollow vanes. The heat exchanger core includes at least one fin extending between two of the at least two circumferentially spaced apart vanes.