A heat exchanger is disclosed. The heat exchanger includes a hollow tube extending from a tube inlet to a tube outlet. The hollow tube includes a wall that includes a core of a first aluminum alloy, and a cladding over the core of a second aluminum alloy. The second aluminum alloy is less noble than the first aluminum alloy and includes an alloying element selected from tin, indium, or gallium, or combinations thereof. A first fluid flow path is disposed along an inner surface of the wall from the tube inlet to the tube outlet, and a second fluid flow path is disposed across an outer surface of the wall.

A heat exchanger including a first header and a second header; flat tubes, each having two ends connected to the first header and the second header respectively; a fin arranged between adjacent flat tubes; an input-output pipe welded to at least one header of the first header and the second header; and a water guide member disposed to the input-output pipe and/or the at least one header.

An apparatus may mount an in-stream, continuous contact, visible, sacrificial anode in a fluid passage for the electrolytic corrosion protection. The apparatus may function to protect heat exchangers and/or other metallically connected system components that share contact with electrolytically active fluids. The apparatus may consist of an in-line anode cartridge including a collar body and a viewing port. The apparatus may include a site glass and compression fittings which seals the device causing corrosive fluids to flow past a sacrificial anode. The apparatus may include a visual indicator and an elastically compressed member (e.g., spring) which facilitate continuous metallic/electrical contact and inspection of the anode through the viewing port without system shut down or disassembly. The elastically compressed member and gauge assembly fills the view-ports with a bright indicator as the anode dissolves and the elastically compressed member expands. The apparatus improves inspection, replacement and effectiveness of sacrificial anodes in electrolytically corrosive environments.

A method of operating a heat exchanger is disclosed in which an electric field is applied to a hydrophobic surface having condensed water droplets thereon to reduce a contact angle between the individual droplet surfaces and the hydrophobic surface, and to increase droplet surface energy to a second surface energy level. The electric field is removed to increase the contact angle between the individual droplet surfaces and the hydrophobic surface, and to reduce droplet surface energy to a third surface energy level. The third surface energy level is greater than the first surface energy level and greater than a surface energy level for a free droplet. A portion of the droplet surface energy is converted to kinetic energy to detach droplets from the hydrophobic surface. The detached droplets are removed from the heat rejection side fluid flow path.

An apparatus may mount an in-stream, continuous contact, visible, sacrificial anode in a fluid passage for the electrolytic corrosion protection. The apparatus may function to protect heat exchangers and/or other metallically connected system components that share contact with electrolytically active fluids. The apparatus may consist of an in-line anode cartridge including a collar body and a viewing port. The apparatus may include a site glass and compression fittings which seals the device causing corrosive fluids to flow past a sacrificial anode. The apparatus may include a visual indicator and an elastically compressed member (e.g., spring) which facilitate continuous metallic/electrical contact and inspection of the anode through the viewing port without system shut down or disassembly. The elastically compressed member and gauge assembly fills the view-ports with a bright indicator as the anode dissolves and the elastically compressed member expands. The apparatus improves inspection, replacement and effectiveness of sacrificial anodes in electrolytically corrosive environments.

A heat exchanger may include a plurality of refrigerant tubes through which a refrigerant flows and a plurality of fins disposed between adjacent refrigerant tubes of the plurality of refrigerant tubes to transfer heat. Each of the plurality of fins may include an inner portion located to overlap the plurality of refrigerant tubes in a vertical direction, and an outer portion located so as not to overlap the plurality of refrigerant tubes in the vertical direction, and a lower end of at least a portion of the outer portion may be located higher than a lower end of the inner portion.

An air conditioner 1 is disclosed as an air conditioner configured to condition air by connecting an indoor unit 2 including a first heat exchanger 11 in which a refrigerant exchanging heat with room air flows to an outdoor unit 3 including a second heat exchanger 24 in which a refrigerant exchanging heat with outdoor air flows. The first heat exchanger 11 includes a first heat transfer tube 11a1 made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the second heat exchanger 24 includes a second heat transfer tube 24a made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. A first sacrificial layer 45a is formed on an outer circumferential surface of the first heat transfer tube 11a1, and a second sacrificial layer 35 is formed on an outer circumferential surface of the second heat transfer tube 24a. The maximum thickness to of the second sacrificial layer 35 is larger than the sacrificial layer ti1 of the first sacrificial layer 45a. This suppresses corrosion of the heat transfer tube of the outdoor unit.

A system for reducing evaporative cooling water losses using an electric and magnetic field inducing device is disclosed. The device influences a liquid's properties including evaporation rate, diffusion, vapor, heat transfer rate, and/or fluid properties. The device comprises a malleable core with notches and electrically conductive windings wrapped around the flexible core around the notches. An insulative coating isolates the windings from the core. The device is pliable and is wrapped and/or attached around a conduit (e.g., a makeup line or pipe or a recirculating line or pipe of an evaporative cooling tower) with flowing fluid and current is passed through the windings to treat the fluid.

Methods to minimize electro-corrosion in the water cooling ports of stacked heat sinks (coolers) and components fabricated according to those methods are disclosed.

An aluminum alloy clad material includes a core material, an inner cladding material, and a sacrificial anode material, one side of the core material being clad with the inner cladding material, the other side of the core material being clad with the sacrificial anode material, the core material being formed of an AlMn alloy that includes 0.6 to 2.0 mass % of Mn and 0.4 mass % or less of Cu, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, the inner cladding material being formed of an AlMnCu alloy that includes 0.6 to 2.0 mass % of Mn and 0.2 to 1.5 mass % of Cu, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities, and the sacrificial anode material being formed of an AlZn alloy that includes 0.5 to 10.0 mass % of Zn, with the balance being aluminum and unavoidable impurities.