A cooling device and a motor are provided. The cooling device that cools a heating element is provided with: a cooling chamber for cooling the heating element with a first cooling medium; a radiator chamber for releasing the heat of the first cooling medium to the outside; and a first connection path and a second connection path for connecting the cooling chamber and the radiator chamber. When part of the first cooling medium in the cooling chamber is gasified, at least part of the gasified first cooling medium moves into the first connection path, thus causing a circulation in which the first cooling medium in the cooling chamber flows into the radiator chamber via the first connection path, and the first cooling medium in the radiator chamber flows into the cooling chamber via the second connection path.

A condenser (404) configured to condense gas phase refrigerant to liquid phase refrigerant. The condenser (404) includes a gas header (408) configured to receive gas phase refrigerant, a liquid header (410) disposed opposite the gas header, the liquid header (410) separated into at least two sections, each section of the at least two sections having a port, and parallel tubes (406) extending between the gas header (408) and the liquid header (410).

The apparatus for storing and retrieving thermal energy by employing a phase change material (PCM) comprises thermally conductive units, energy sources for providing thermal energy to PCM, an inert gas system, insulation layers and outer enclosure member. The conductive unit has trench(es) for holding the PCM. The trench has opposing significantly curved longitudinal walls and side walls meeting at a base thereby having a greater internal pressure withstanding capacity. In some embodiments, the conductive units are configured to maximise the volume ratio of the PCM to conductive material. In one embodiment, the trench is partially elliptical in a planar cross section that is perpendicular to a major axis or a minor axis of the trench. The apparatus is in thermal contact with thermal energy conversion system for transferring retrieved thermal energy to thermal energy conversion system that converts retrieved thermal energy into electrical energy.

An apparatus for protecting negative pressure is provided. The apparatus includes a main flow passage that circulates coolant of a vehicle and includes a section where negative pressure is formed therein. A housing is positioned at the section where the negative pressure of the main flow passage is formed and has a communication aperture that communicates with the main flow passage therein. A negative pressure valve is disposed at the inside of the housing to open or close the communication aperture based on the relationship of an exterior pressure and a valve inside pressure to maintain the valve inside pressure above a predetermined reference value.

A heat dissipation assembly includes a case and a partition structure. The case has a chamber. The partition structure includes a partition wall vertically disposed in the chamber to separate a first flow path and a second flow path in the chamber, and the partition wall has a breach and a valve structure disposed at the breach, wherein the valve structure covers the breach when the valve structure is not pushed open. When a fluid pressure existed in a section of one of the first flow path and the second flow path which is adjacent to the valve structure is greater than a fluid pressure existed in a section of the other one of the first flow path and the second flow path which is adjacent to the valve structure, the valve structure is pushed away to expose at least a part of the breach.

A plant or refinery may include equipment such as reactors, heaters, heat exchangers, regenerators, separators, or the like. Types of heat exchangers include shell and tube, plate, plate and shell, plate fin, air cooled, wetted-surface air cooled, or the like. Operating methods may impact deterioration in equipment condition, prolong equipment life, extend production operating time, or provide other benefits. Mechanical or digital sensors may be used for monitoring equipment, and sensor data may be programmatically analyzed to identify developing problems. For example, sensors may be used in conjunction with one or more system components to detect and correct maldistribution, cross-leakage, strain, pre-leakage, thermal stresses, fouling, vibration, problems in liquid lifting, conditions that can affect air-cooled exchangers, conditions that can affect a wetted-surface air-cooled heat exchanger, or the like. An operating condition or mode may be adjusted to prolong equipment life or avoid equipment failure.

A tube heat exchanger for exchanging heat from a first fluid to a second fluid, comprising a tubular shell; an inner wall extending around a center axis of said tubular shell and forming a central chamber internally of said inner wall, and an annular heat exchange space extending externally of said inner wall and enclosed by said tubular shell, wherein the heat exchange space comprises a plurality of axially extending heat exchange sectors separated by radially extending separating walls, and flow paths of the first fluid and the second fluid extend in the heat exchange space, wherein adjacent heat exchange sectors communicate; and a set of flow tubes extending axially in each of said heat exchange sectors in said heat exchange space. At least one radially extending baffle is provided to divide said heat exchange sectors into at least two axially displaced heat exchange segments, wherein a flow path of the second fluid extends radially in opposite directions in adjacent heat exchange segments in the heat exchange sectors, and a flow path of the first fluid extends perpendicular to the flow path of the second fluid.

There are herein described energy storage systems. More particularly there are provided thermal energy storage systems comprising battery assemblies containing phase change materials and a monitoring system therefor. In addition there are provided thermal stores comprising battery assemblies having integral control means for management of the thermal energy provided by the battery assembly.

Hydraulic fluid coolers suitable for cooling hydraulic fluid in a closed loop hydraulic circuit and capable of withstanding high hydraulic fluid pressures may include at least one heat exchanger. The at least one heat exchanger may include a header assembly having a header inlet conduit, a header outlet conduit and a fan motor outlet conduit. A plurality of primary cooling conduits may be disposed in fluid communication with and extend between the header inlet conduit and the header outlet conduit. A plurality of secondary cooling conduits may be disposed in fluid communication with and extend between the header inlet conduit and the fan motor outlet conduit. A cooling fan may be disposed adjacent to the plurality of primary cooling conduits and the plurality of secondary cooling conduits. A hydraulically-actuated cooling fan motor may drivingly engage the cooling fan. The cooling fan motor may be disposed in fluid communication with the fan motor outlet conduit of the header assembly.

A cooling system includes a heat absorbing device which has a first pipe port and absorbs heat discharged from equipment by using refrigerant; a radiator which has a second pipe port placed higher than the first pipe port and cools the refrigerant; a first flexible pipe whose one end is connected with the first pipe port and whose another end is connected with the second pipe port and through which the refrigerant flows and which can bend freely; and a loading table having a surface which becomes higher in a vertical direction as approaching from one end of the surface to another end, and on which the first flexible pipe is placed so as to become higher in the vertical direction as approaching from a side of the first flexible pipe, which is connected with the first pipe port, to a side of the first flexible pipe which is connected with the second pipe port.