A cooling apparatus includes: an evaporator in which a coolant is housed and that evaporates the coolant; a condenser that condenses the coolant evaporated by the evaporator; a pathway section that includes a vapor path and a liquid path each placing the inside of the evaporator and the inside of the condenser in communication with each other, and that circulates the coolant between the evaporator and the condenser; a valve that is provided to at least one path out of the vapor path or the liquid path; and a pressure regulation section that increases an opening amount of the valve according to an increase in pressure inside the evaporator.

A cooling system for a machine includes a radiator assembly having a tank access port, and an overflow port formed in a radiator tank. A solid cap is coupled with the radiator tank to seal the tank access port, and a valve mechanism is coupled with the radiator tank. The valve mechanism includes a pressure relief valve and a coolant return valve operable to fluidly connect the radiator tank with a recovery bottle responsive to a pressurized or a vacuum state of the radiator tank, respectively.

A plant or refinery may include equipment such as reactors, heaters, heat exchangers, regenerators, separators, or the like. Types of heat exchangers include shell and tube, plate, plate and shell, plate fin, air cooled, wetted-surface air cooled, or the like. Operating methods may impact deterioration in equipment condition, prolong equipment life, extend production operating time, or provide other benefits. Mechanical or digital sensors may be used for monitoring equipment, and sensor data may be programmatically analyzed to identify developing problems. For example, sensors may be used in conjunction with one or more system components to detect and correct maldistribution, cross-leakage, strain, pre-leakage, thermal stresses, fouling, vibration, problems in liquid lifting, conditions that can affect air-cooled exchangers, conditions that can affect a wetted-surface air-cooled heat exchanger, or the like. An operating condition or mode may be adjusted to prolong equipment life or avoid equipment failure.

A plant or refinery may include equipment such as reactors, heaters, heat exchangers, regenerators, separators, or the like. Types of heat exchangers include shell and tube, plate, plate and shell, plate fin, air cooled, wetted-surface air cooled, or the like. Operating methods may impact deterioration in equipment condition, prolong equipment life, extend production operating time, or provide other benefits. Mechanical or digital sensors may be used for monitoring equipment, and sensor data may be programmatically analyzed to identify developing problems. For example, sensors may be used in conjunction with one or more system components to detect and correct maldistribution, cross-leakage, strain, pre-leakage, thermal stresses, fouling, vibration, problems in liquid lifting, conditions that can affect air-cooled exchangers, conditions that can affect wet-cooled exchangers, conditions that can affect a wetted-surface air-cooled heat exchanger, or the like. An operating condition or mode may be adjusted to prolong equipment life or avoid equipment failure.

A fluid machine includes a flow path including an outflow port of a fluid, a first portion through which the fluid flows from the other side to one side in a first direction, and a second portion through which the fluid flows. The second portion is located between one end of the first portion in the first direction and the outflow port. The fluid machine further includes a check valve portion that is movable along the first direction in the first portion, and is located at a first position at which the one end is closed, a second position that is located on one side in the first direction and through which the fluid can circulate between the first and second portions, and a third position at which the one end is closed and that is located on another side in the first direction with respect to the first position.

This invention relates to tubing and a method for heat exchange between a first fluid which is in the tubing and a second tubing which is outside of the tubing. The tubing extends between a first end portion and a second end portion. The tubing includes an inner tube and an outer tube which is arranged on the outside of the inner tube. The inner tube being connected to the outer tube in a fluid-tight manner at the first end portion. The first end portion being surrounded by and attached to a fluid-supply pipe and there being in the second end portion, a passage between the inner tube and the outer tube.

A depressurization and cooling system for steam and/or condensable gases located in a containment. The system contains a steam condenser having an upstream port connected to the containment through an exhaust line and a downstream port connected to the containment through a backfeed line. The backfeed line contains a backfeed compressor. A re-cooling system for re-cooling the steam condenser is provided. The depressurization and cooling system is effective for re-cooling of the steam condenser. Accordingly, this is achieved as the re-cooling system is self-sustainable.

A cooling device and a motor are provided. The cooling device that cools a heating element is provided with: a cooling chamber for cooling the heating element with a first cooling medium; a radiator chamber for releasing the heat of the first cooling medium to the outside; and a first connection path and a second connection path for connecting the cooling chamber and the radiator chamber. When part of the first cooling medium in the cooling chamber is gasified, at least part of the gasified first cooling medium moves into the first connection path, thus causing a circulation in which the first cooling medium in the cooling chamber flows into the radiator chamber via the first connection path, and the first cooling medium in the radiator chamber flows into the cooling chamber via the second connection path.

A fusible plug employs an alloy which comprises 5-8 mass % of Sn, 31-34 mass % of Bi, 0.2-4 mass % of Sb, and a remainder of In. The alloy melts at approximately 66-70 C. The alloy may further contain at most 2.0 mass % of at least one element selected from strengthening elements consisting of 0.1-1.0 mass % of Cu, 0.1-1.0 mass % of Ge, 0.1-0.7 mass % of Ag, 0.1-0.6 mass % of Au, 0.2-0.6 mass % of Zn, 0.002-0.1 mass % of Ni, and 0.01-0.1 mass % of a lanthanoid.

A system for determining a cleaning schedule for an asset is provided. In some aspects, the system can include a plurality of sensors arranged to monitor an asset and a computing system including at least one data processor and memory storing instructions, which when executed by the at least on data processor causes the at least one data processor to perform operations. In some aspects, the operations performed by the processor can include receiving, from the plurality of sensors, the data characterizing the operational efficiency of the asset, determining an operational efficiency of the asset determining an operational efficiency threshold characterizing an undesirable operating efficiency, determining, using an optimization algorithm, a cleaning schedule for the asset based on the operational efficiency of the asset and the operational efficiency threshold and providing the cleaning schedule.