A cooling system for a cold spray nozzle or a thermal spray barrel and a fabrication method thereof are provided. The cooling system includes a sleeve with cooling fins that encapsulate a spray nozzle or barrel to enable heat transfer from the nozzle or barrel to the fins and then to the external ambient environment. The sleeve may optionally include one or more channels with cooling tubes to enable enhanced cooling with a cooling medium flowing through the tubes and across the fins.

A reduced-energy cartridge for a chamber of a firearm includes a case and a sabot. The sabot is moveably attached to the case and supported for movement relative to the case from an unfired position to a fired position resulting from combustion within the combustion chamber. The cartridge further includes a sealing member that projects radially outward from the longitudinal axis and from the sabot. The sealing member defines a blowback boundary where the cartridge is configured to seal against an inner surface of the chamber of the firearm. A forward area of the cartridge and a rear area of the cartridge are separated by the blowback boundary. The sealing member is configured for releasably sealing against the inner surface of the chamber to regulate pressure at the forward area resulting from combustion within the combustion chamber.

A reduced-energy cartridge for a chamber of a firearm includes a case and a sabot. The sabot is moveably attached to the case and supported for movement relative to the case from an unfired position to a fired position resulting from combustion within the combustion chamber. The cartridge further includes a sealing member that projects radially outward from the longitudinal axis and from the sabot. The sealing member defines a blowback boundary where the cartridge is configured to seal against an inner surface of the chamber of the firearm. A forward area of the cartridge and a rear area of the cartridge are separated by the blowback boundary. The sealing member is configured for releasably sealing against the inner surface of the chamber to regulate pressure at the forward area resulting from combustion within the combustion chamber.

A cooling system for a cold spray nozzle or a thermal spray barrel and a fabrication method thereof are provided. The cooling system includes a sleeve with cooling fins that encapsulate a spray nozzle or barrel to enable heat transfer from the nozzle or barrel to the fins and then to the external ambient environment. The sleeve may optionally include one or more channels with cooling tubes to enable enhanced cooling with a cooling medium flowing through the tubes and across the fins.

A rifle includes a magazine well, a barrel, an exo-bolt, and a rear magazine support. The barrel is detachably coupled to the magazine well. The barrel includes a forward barrel portion on an end of the barrel opposite the magazine well. The exo-bolt is configured to travel along an exterior of the barrel. The rear magazine support is coupled to the magazine well and opposite the barrel. The rear magazine support is configured to come forward toward the barrel and be secured in a plurality of distances from the barrel to adjust a length of the magazine well.

A reduced-energy cartridge for a chamber of a firearm includes a case and a sabot. The sabot is moveably attached to the case and supported for movement relative to the case from an unfired position to a fired position resulting from combustion within the combustion chamber. The cartridge further includes a sealing member that projects radially outward from the longitudinal axis and from the sabot. The sealing member defines a blowback boundary where the cartridge is configured to seal against an inner surface of the chamber of the firearm. A forward area of the cartridge and a rear area of the cartridge are separated by the blowback boundary. The sealing member is configured for releasably sealing against the inner surface of the chamber to regulate pressure at the forward area resulting from combustion within the combustion chamber.

A reduced-energy cartridge for a chamber of a firearm includes a case and a sabot. The sabot is moveably attached to the case and supported for movement relative to the case from an unfired position to a fired position resulting from combustion within the combustion chamber. The cartridge further includes a sealing member that projects radially outward from the longitudinal axis and from the sabot. The sealing member defines a blowback boundary where the cartridge is configured to seal against an inner surface of the chamber of the firearm. A forward area of the cartridge and a rear area of the cartridge are separated by the blowback boundary. The sealing member is configured for releasably sealing against the inner surface of the chamber to regulate pressure at the forward area resulting from combustion within the combustion chamber.

A rifle includes a magazine well and a barrel. The barrel is detachably coupled to the magazine well. The barrel includes a main body and a forward barrel portion. The forward barrel portion includes a bore, a plurality of perpendicular support structures, a plurality of parallel support structures, a channel wall, and a closed channel wall.

A reticle includes a crosshair, a ranging section, and a targeting section. The ranging section includes a plurality of target height chevrons and a target shoulder width guide. The targeting section includes a plurality of center mass ballistic solution chevrons, a plurality of known length (KL) box shoulder bars, a plurality of KL upper torso bars, a density altitude guide, and a wind compensation guide.

A gun barrel or sleeve for a gun barrel is provided. The invention includes staggered helical arrays of elliptical or oval blind cavities along the length of the gun barrel or sleeve. As a sleeve, the invention may be press-fit or force-fitted over a regular barrel or a barrel of reduced wall thickness. The cavities have radially extending orifices by which an angular width of an interior portion of a cavity is greater than an angular width of the orifice of that cavity, and a longitudinal dimension of the interior portion of that cavity is greater than a longitudinal dimension of the orifice of that cavity. The product may be produced by additive manufacturing, autofrettage, casting, forging or traditional CNC machining.