A gaming apparatus including a tracking system arranged to track at least one position of a user delivered projectile; and a processing unit for receiving tracking data detected by the tracking system to generate projectile data representative of a path of the user delivered projectile.

A gaming system may include: an infrared signal emitter configured to emit an infrared signal, the infrared emitter being configured to emit a predetermined number of emissions per a simulated reloading action, the infrared signal being configurable to be associated with one of at least a first team, a second team, and a neutral team, the infrared signal emitter including a handle to be grasped by a player and a trigger to effect emission of the infrared signal; and an infrared signal receiver configured to receive the infrared signal associated with one of the at least the first team, the second team, and the neutral team. Optionally, the gaming system may include a stationary receiver and emitter for integrated use with game players in a further modification of the methods and uses herein. The stationary receiver and emitter may receive and transmit signals, store a memory of activities, teams, players, and other game-playing benefits.

A gaming system may include: an infrared signal emitter configured to emit an infrared signal, the infrared emitter being configured to emit a predetermined number of emissions per a simulated reloading action, the infrared signal being configurable to be associated with one of at least a first team, a second team, and a neutral team, the infrared signal emitter including a handle to be grasped by a player and a trigger to effect emission of the infrared signal; and an infrared signal receiver configured to receive the infrared signal associated with one of the at least the first team, the second team, and the neutral team. Optionally, the gaming system may include a stationary receiver and emitter for integrated use with game players in a further modification of the methods and uses herein. The stationary receiver and emitter may receive and transmit signals, store a memory of activities, teams, players, and other game-playing benefits.

A gaming system may include: an infrared signal emitter configured to emit an infrared signal, the infrared emitter being configured to emit a predetermined number of emissions per a simulated reloading action, the infrared signal being configurable to be associated with one of at least a first team, a second team, and a neutral team, the infrared signal emitter including a handle to be grasped by a player and a trigger to effect emission of the infrared signal; and an infrared signal receiver configured to receive the infrared signal associated with one of the at least the first team, the second team, and the neutral team. Optionally, the gaming system may include a stationary receiver and emitter for integrated use with game players in a further modification of the methods and uses herein. The stationary receiver and emitter may receive and transmit signals, store a memory of activities, teams, players, and other game-playing benefits.

A gaming system may include: an infrared signal emitter configured to emit an infrared signal, the infrared emitter being configured to emit a predetermined number of emissions per a simulated reloading action, the infrared signal being configurable to be associated with one of at least a first team, a second team, and a neutral team, the infrared signal emitter including a handle to be grasped by a player and a trigger to effect emission of the infrared signal; and an infrared signal receiver configured to receive the infrared signal associated with one of the at least the first team, the second team, and the neutral team. Optionally, the gaming system may include a stationary receiver and emitter for integrated use with game players in a further modification of the methods and uses herein. The stationary receiver and emitter may receive and transmit signals, store a memory of activities, teams, players, and other game-playing benefits.

A system has at least one processor, a control subsystem, and an end unit with at least one image sensor. The control subsystem switches operation of the system between first and second modes. In the first mode, an image sensor captures a visible light image of a scene, and a processor analyzes the visible light image to identify a target in the scene and extract target spatial information. In the second mode, an image sensor captures a series of IR images of the scene, and a processor analyzes the IR images to identify firearm projectile strikes on the target based on the extracted spatial information and comparisons between the IR images. In certain embodiments, the same image sensor is used for visible light and IR image, and an IR filter is selectively positioned in an optical path from the scene to the image sensor according to the mode of operation.

A system has at least one processor, a control subsystem, and an end unit with at least one image sensor. The control subsystem switches operation of the system between first and second modes. In the first mode, an image sensor captures a visible light image of a scene, and a processor analyzes the visible light image to identify a target in the scene and extract target spatial information. In the second mode, an image sensor captures a series of IR images of the scene, and a processor analyzes the IR images to identify firearm projectile strikes on the target based on the extracted spatial information and comparisons between the IR images. In certain embodiments, the same image sensor is used for visible light and IR image, and an IR filter is selectively positioned in an optical path from the scene to the image sensor according to the mode of operation.

A thermal sleeve cover according to various embodiments can include a target layer material having emissivity and reflecting properties identifiable by a thermal sensor detecting device during firearm training. The thermal sleeve cover is fitted over a target backer in a taut manner to promote thermal contrast between the target layer material and its surrounding background. The tautness of the target layer material enhances the thermal identification when the target layer material is detected by the thermal sensor detecting device. The thermal cover is adjustable to snugly fit over a variety of target backers having different configurations and sizes.

A thermal sleeve cover according to various embodiments can include a target layer material having emissivity and reflecting properties identifiable by a thermal sensor detecting device during firearm training. The thermal sleeve cover is fitted over a target backer in a taut manner to promote thermal contrast between the target layer material and its surrounding background. The tautness of the target layer material enhances the thermal identification when the target layer material is detected by the thermal sensor detecting device. The thermal cover is adjustable to snugly fit over a variety of target backers having different configurations and sizes.

An impact indication system for indicating an impact of a projectile on a target. The impact indication system includes an impact sensing system including a g-force sensor, a housing engagable with the target, and a first computing device including at least a processor and a memory. The impact indication system further includes a signal output unit including a housing, a signal output device, a second computing device including a processor and a memory, the first computing device operable to send a signal to the second computing device in response to sensing the impact, and the second computing device operable to produce a signal indicative of the impact.