Systems, apparatuses and methods in interoperating with multiple clean energy sources, such as pneumatic energy, electrical energy, hydrogen energy and steam energy, with engine configurations employing theses clean energy sources dynamically and synchronously. Further embodiments including fossil fuel energies.

Systems, apparatuses and methods in interoperating with multiple clean energy sources, such as pneumatic energy, electrical energy, hydrogen energy and steam energy, with engine configurations employing theses clean energy sources dynamically and synchronously. Further embodiments including fossil fuel energies.

The present invention provides a method of operating an engine (14) having one or more cylinders (16) each having a piston (18) within the cylinder (16) and each piston (18) having an expansion stroke and a return stroke and a top dead center (TDC) position and a bottom dead center position (BDC) and said engine (14) employing a working fluid (WF) and a heat exchange fluid (HEF), comprising the steps of: introducing the HEF during the return stroke of the engine; introducing the working fluid (WF) during the expansion stroke of the engine; causing the exhaust valve to be opened at or near bottom dead center of the piston BDC; delivering the HEF to the cylinder (16) after the exhaust valve has been opened; and closing the exhaust valve before TDC, such as to allow the working fluid to be compressed by the piston within the cylinder. The invention also provides an engine (14) capable of being operated in accordance with the method.

The present invention provides a method of operating an engine (14) having one or more cylinders (16) each having a piston (18) within the cylinder (16) and each piston (18) having an expansion stroke and a return stroke and a top dead center (TDC) position and a bottom dead center position (BDC) and said engine (14) employing a working fluid (WF) and a heat exchange fluid (HEF), comprising the steps of: introducing the HEF during the return stroke of the engine; introducing the working fluid (WF) during the expansion stroke of the engine; causing the exhaust valve to be opened at or near bottom dead center of the piston BDC; delivering the HEF to the cylinder (16) after the exhaust valve has been opened; and closing the exhaust valve before TDC, such as to allow the working fluid to be compressed by the piston within the cylinder. The invention also provides an engine (14) capable of being operated in accordance with the method.

The present invention provides a system and method for economically using compressed air as automobile power source, comprising: a compressed air power device, which includes automobile air storage tubes (1) to store a sufficient amount of high-pressure compressed air and a cylinder-combined engine consisting of the first and second cylinders (9)(10), and which can make full use of the compressed air to produce driving power; a mechanism to produce, store and provide high-pressure compressed air, which includes a boiler-type high-pressure compressed air producing and storing device, abbreviated as boiler-type HCAPS device (4), to be able to use electricity during periods of low energy demand (off-peak) such as at night simultaneously recovering the by-produced heat for central heating, and pressurizing and inflating into the automobile air storage tubes (1) during daytimes; brake energy recovery and regeneration devices, which include a spring reserving-releasing device and/or a compressed air reserving-releasing device to save the compressed air in the automobile air storage tubes (1) for saving the driving power; an inner gear ring assembly, which includes an inner gear ring (2) gearing meshing with inner acting gears (45), with the first and second accelerating gears (72)(92), with a flywheel front inner meshing gear (48) and reset gears (46), for transmitting torque and mixing/outputting power; some clutch transmission devices and a controller, which controls orderly coordinated operation of devices and mechanisms.

The present invention provides a system and method for economically using compressed air as automobile power source, comprising: a compressed air power device, which includes automobile air storage tubes (1) to store a sufficient amount of high-pressure compressed air and a cylinder-combined engine consisting of the first and second cylinders (9)(10), and which can make full use of the compressed air to produce driving power; a mechanism to produce, store and provide high-pressure compressed air, which includes a boiler-type high-pressure compressed air producing and storing device, abbreviated as boiler-type HCAPS device (4), to be able to use electricity during periods of low energy demand (off-peak) such as at night simultaneously recovering the by-produced heat for central heating, and pressurizing and inflating into the automobile air storage tubes (1) during daytimes; brake energy recovery and regeneration devices, which include a spring reserving-releasing device and/or a compressed air reserving-releasing device to save the compressed air in the automobile air storage tubes (1) for saving the driving power; an inner gear ring assembly, which includes an inner gear ring (2) gearing meshing with inner acting gears (45), with the first and second accelerating gears (72)(92), with a flywheel front inner meshing gear (48) and reset gears (46), for transmitting torque and mixing/outputting power; some clutch transmission devices and a controller, which controls orderly coordinated operation of devices and mechanisms.

Thermal energy recovery systems include a piston assembly including a primary cylinder adapted to receive vapor; a single-acting secondary cylinder/piston assembly extending from opposite ends of the primary cylinder; a primary piston disposed for displacement in the primary cylinder; first and second secondary pistons disposed for displacement in the secondary cylinder/piston; and a piston connecting member connecting the first and second secondary pistons to the primary piston. Alternatively, a secondary piston is of the type of a double-acting piston for a more compact reciprocating function to reduce piston friction losses. Metering valves regulate the vapor pressure being introduced into displacement volume chambers at a constant pressure. A working fluid pressure-tank/accumulator/transfer-conduit is in communication with the displacement volume chambers to help regulate pressure of the working fluid. A working fluid transfer conduit forms integrally with the working fluid pressure-tank/accumulator to reduce fluid friction losses.

Thermal energy recovery systems include a piston assembly including a primary cylinder adapted to receive vapor; a single-acting secondary cylinder/piston assembly extending from opposite ends of the primary cylinder; a primary piston disposed for displacement in the primary cylinder; first and second secondary pistons disposed for displacement in the secondary cylinder/piston; and a piston connecting member connecting the first and second secondary pistons to the primary piston. Alternatively, a secondary piston is of the type of a double-acting piston for a more compact reciprocating function to reduce piston friction losses. Metering valves regulate the vapor pressure being introduced into displacement volume chambers at a constant pressure. A working fluid pressure-tank/accumulator/transfer-conduit is in communication with the displacement volume chambers to help regulate pressure of the working fluid. A working fluid transfer conduit forms integrally with the working fluid pressure-tank/accumulator to reduce fluid friction losses.

A heat engine, in particular an ORC engine, includes a crankcase and at least one working cylinder connected to the crankcase, in which cylinder a working piston that is rigidly connected to a piston rod can be moved and the end of the piston rod facing away from the working piston is articulatedly connected to a connecting rod by a crosshead running in the longitudinal direction of the piston rod. The interior of the working cylinder, which is supplied with a working medium, is separated from the interior of the crankcase, which is supplied with oil, by two walls, each of which has a sealing through-opening for the piston rod.

A heat engine, in particular an ORC engine, includes a crankcase and at least one working cylinder connected to the crankcase, in which cylinder a working piston that is rigidly connected to a piston rod can be moved and the end of the piston rod facing away from the working piston is articulatedly connected to a connecting rod by a crosshead running in the longitudinal direction of the piston rod. The interior of the working cylinder, which is supplied with a working medium, is separated from the interior of the crankcase, which is supplied with oil, by two walls, each of which has a sealing through-opening for the piston rod.