An apparatus for rapidly evaporating liquid includes an exhaust flow channel having opposing openings including an upstream opening and a downstream opening. The channel defines an exhaust path proceeding from the upstream opening through the exhaust flow channel and through the downstream opening. Within the exhaust flow channel, a conduit path includes repeated passes transverse to the exhaust path. Attached to the exhaust flow channel proximate the downstream opening, a spray fixture is coupled to an exit port of the conduit. The spray fixture includes a divider to divide fluid from the exit port into multiple streams and an aimer to direct the multiple streams into the exhaust path.

An apparatus for rapidly evaporating liquid includes an exhaust flow channel having opposing openings including an upstream opening and a downstream opening. The channel defines an exhaust path proceeding from the upstream opening through the exhaust flow channel and through the downstream opening. Within the exhaust flow channel, a conduit path includes repeated passes transverse to the exhaust path. Attached to the exhaust flow channel proximate the downstream opening, a spray fixture is coupled to an exit port of the conduit. The spray fixture includes a divider to divide fluid from the exit port into multiple streams and an aimer to direct the multiple streams into the exhaust path.

Provided is an electric power generating system which exhibits favorable energy recovery efficiency compared to the prior art and, further, can generate not only cold heat but also warm heat. In an electric power generating system where working fluid is circulated in a system of a pressure resistant closed circuit while changing a state of the working fluid, power is generated by converting external heat energy given to the working fluid into kinetic energy, and electric power is generated by driving an electric power generator by the power, a pressure resistant closed circuit is formed of a main circuit and a sub circuit, the main circuit includes an evaporation chamber, an adiabatic expansion chamber, a power generating part, a warming-use heat exchange mechanism, and a liquefied working fluid return means, and the sub circuit includes a heating medium divided flow path, a liquefied auxiliary fluid supply path, a cooling equipment, a second-fluid-to-be-warmed supply path, a warming equipment, and a return flow compression means.

Steam generators in power plants exchange energy from a primary medium to a secondary medium for energy extraction. Steam generators include one or more primary conduits and one or more secondary conduits. The conduits do not intermix the mediums and may thus discriminate among different fluid sources and destinations. One conduit may boil feedwater while another reheats steam for use in lower and higher-pressure turbines, respectively. Valves and other selectors divert steam and/or water into the steam generator or to other turbines or the environment for load balancing and other operational characteristics. Conduits circulate around an interior perimeter of the steam generator immersed in the primary medium and may have different cross-sections, radii, and internal structures depending on contained. A water conduit may have less flow area and a tighter coil radius. A steam conduit may include a swirler and rivulet stopper to intermix water in any steam flow.

Steam generators in power plants exchange energy from a primary medium to a secondary medium for energy extraction. Steam generators include one or more primary conduits and one or more secondary conduits. The conduits do not intermix the mediums and may thus discriminate among different fluid sources and destinations. One conduit may boil feedwater while another reheats steam for use in lower and higher-pressure turbines, respectively. Valves and other selectors divert steam and/or water into the steam generator or to other turbines or the environment for load balancing and other operational characteristics. Conduits circulate around an interior perimeter of the steam generator immersed in the primary medium and may have different cross-sections, radii, and internal structures depending on contained. A water conduit may have less flow area and a tighter coil radius. A steam conduit may include a swirler and rivulet stopper to intermix water in any steam flow.

Embodiments of the present disclosure include a system for harvesting salt, and other valued material, and generating distilled water from at least one of a produced water and salt water. The system can include a direct steam generator (DSG) configured to generate saturated steam and combustion exhaust constituents. The system can include a separation system operating after the DSG, configured to separate salt from the saturated steam and combustion exhaust constituents in at least one of brine form and solid form. The system can include an energy recovery system that includes an expansion turbine configured to recover energy from the steam and exhaust constituents.

Embodiments of the present disclosure can include a system for generating steam. The system can include a direct steam generator configured to generate saturated steam and combustion exhaust constituents. A close coupled heat exchanger can be fluidly coupled to the direct steam generator, the close coupled heat exchanger can be configured to route the saturated or superheated steam and combustion exhaust constituents through an exhaust constituent removal system. The system can include an energy recovery system that reclaims the energy from the exhaust constituents.

Embodiments of the present disclosure can include a system for generating steam. The system can include a direct steam generator configured to generate saturated steam and combustion exhaust constituents. A close coupled heat exchanger can be fluidly coupled to the direct steam generator, the close coupled heat exchanger can be configured to route the saturated or superheated steam and combustion exhaust constituents through an exhaust constituent removal system. The system can include an energy recovery system that reclaims the energy from the exhaust constituents.

Disclosed is a method for rapidly and flexibly adapting the output of a steam-turbine power station (1), preferably for adapting the output to altered network loads, more preferably for providing a positive and/or negative network operating reserve as required, and especially preferably for providing a primary operating reserve and/or a secondary operating reserve. According to the invention, heat released during the discharge of at least one electrically chargeable thermal store (6) is coupled into a feedwater heater section (3) of the power station (1).

Disclosed is a method for rapidly and flexibly adapting the output of a steam-turbine power station (1), preferably for adapting the output to altered network loads, more preferably for providing a positive and/or negative network operating reserve as required, and especially preferably for providing a primary operating reserve and/or a secondary operating reserve. According to the invention, heat released during the discharge of at least one electrically chargeable thermal store (6) is coupled into a feedwater heater section (3) of the power station (1).