Systems and methods for treated exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for an internal combustion engine are disclosed. The internal combustion engine has an exhaust manifold discharging exhaust gas and an intake manifold receiving forced air from a compressor. One or more exhaust treatment devices treat the exhaust gas and produce a treated exhaust gas. The EGR system includes an EGR line downstream of the one or more exhaust treatment devices and connected to the engine intake line downstream of the compressor, wherein the treated EGR line recirculates the treated exhaust gas to the intake manifold of the engine without passing through the compressor.

A heating system includes at least one electric heater disposed within a fluid flow system and a control device that is configured to determine a temperature of the at least one electric heater based on a model, at least one fluid flow system input, and at least one heater input. The at least one heater input includes at least one physical characteristic of the heating system, the at least one physical characteristic includes at least one of a resistance wire diameter, a heater insulation thickness, a heater sheath thickness, a conductivity, a specific heat and density of the material of the heater, an emissivity of the heater and the fluid flow pathway, and combinations thereof. The control device is configured to provide power to the at least one electric heater based on the temperature of the at least one electric heater.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst having improved exhaust gas purifying performance (in particular, improved NOx purifying performance) at low to medium temperature, and, in order to achieve the object, the present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst (10A) including: a substrate (20); and a catalyst layer (30 or 40) formed on the substrate (20), wherein the catalyst layer (30 or 40) contains rhodium element, phosphorus element and a rare earth element other than cerium element, wherein a ratio of a mass of the phosphorus element contained in the catalyst layer (30 or 40) to the mass of the rhodium element contained in the catalyst layer (30 or 40) is from 1 to 10, and wherein a ratio of a mass of the rare earth element other than cerium element in terms of an oxide thereof contained in the catalyst layer (30 or 40) to the mass of the rhodium element contained in the catalyst layer (30 or 40) is from 1 to 5.

A controller for controlling regeneration of a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst of an aftertreatment system is configured to cause increase in a SCR catalyst temperature of the SCR catalyst to a first regeneration temperature, the first regeneration temperature being lower than a high regeneration temperature that is equal to or greater than 500 degrees Celsius. The controller is configured to determine an amount of ammonia slip downstream of the SCR catalyst; and cause an increase in the SCR catalyst temperature to a second regeneration temperature greater than the first regeneration temperature but lower than the high regeneration temperature based on the determined amount of ammonia slip.

A reductant delivery system includes an inlet body, an outlet body, and an outer transfer tube. The inlet body includes an inlet body coupler, an inlet body outer transfer shell, and an inlet body inner shell. The inlet body coupler surrounds an inlet body inlet that is configured to receive exhaust gas. The inlet body outer transfer shell is coupled to the inlet body coupler. The inlet body outer transfer shell includes an inlet body outer transfer shell inner surface and an inlet body outer transfer shell outlet. The inlet body outer transfer shell outlet extends through the inlet body outer transfer shell inner surface. The inlet body inner shell includes an inlet body inner shell first flange, an inlet body inner shell second flange, and an inlet body inner shell wall. The inlet body inner shell first flange is coupled to the inlet body outer transfer shell inner surface.

An exhaust aftertreatment unit for cleaning exhaust gases includes an emission reducing module being a diesel particulate filter, DPF, and/or a diesel oxidation catalyst, DOC, a selective catalyst reduction, SCR, catalyst, an electrical heating element arranged upstream of the emission reducing module, a casing housing at least the emission reducing module and the electrical heating element, and a service lid removably arranged to cover a service opening of the casing through which the emission reducing module may be accessed. The electrical heating element is removably arranged relative the casing and is arranged accessible upon removal of the service lid and the emission reducing module.

A controller for controlling operation of an aftertreatment system that is configured to treat constituents of an exhaust gas produced by an engine, the aftertreatment system including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, the controller configured to: generate a short-term cumulative degradation estimate of the SCR catalyst corresponding to reversible degradation of the SCR catalyst due to sulfur and/or hydrocarbons based on a SCR catalyst temperature parameter; generate a long-term cumulative degradation estimate of the SCR catalyst corresponding to thermal aging of the SCR catalyst based on the SCR catalyst temperature parameter; generate a combined degradation estimate of the SCR catalyst based on the short-term cumulative degradation estimate and the long-term cumulative degradation estimate; and adjust an amount of reductant and/or an amount of hydrocarbons inserted into the aftertreatment system based on the combined degradation estimate of the SCR catalyst.

A hydro-active scrubber and reactor (HSR) system and apparatus is disclosed that includes a main body, an inlet configured to receive a first fluid medium comprised of pollutant particles, and a nozzle configured to dispense a second fluid medium within the main body. In addition, the HSR system and apparatus may also include a cylindrical body or hydro-vortex generator within the main body having a plurality of horizontally positioned rods projecting therefrom, wherein the cylindrical body further comprises a plurality of openings. Further, the HSR system and apparatus can include a motor configured to rotate the cylindrical body thereby directing the first and second fluid mediums through the cylindrical body. In addition, a first area within the main body can receive the pollutant particles from the first fluid medium, and a first outlet within the main body can be configured to direct the received pollutant particles out of the main body.

The invention relates to a method (200) for operating an internal combustion engine (110) having at least one catalytic converter (122), wherein control interventions of a lambda control for controlling an exhaust gas composition of the internal combustion engine are deactivated, comprising ascertaining a current exhaust gas composition upstream of the at least one catalytic converter (122), determining a current oxygen fill level of the at least one catalytic converter (122) on the basis of the ascertained current exhaust gas composition, ascertaining (210) a planned control intervention on a composition of an air-fuel mixture supplied to the internal combustion engine (110) on the basis of the determined current oxygen fill level of the at least one catalytic converter, ascertaining a current exhaust gas composition (123) downstream of the at least one catalytic converter (122), ascertaining a future exhaust gas composition (123) downstream of the at least one catalytic converter (122) resulting on the basis of an air-fuel mixture already supplied to the internal combustion engine (110), and reactivating the lambda control and specifying (260) a control intervention to be carried out as a function of the planned control intervention and the current exhaust gas composition (123) downstream of the at least one catalytic converter (122), and/or as a function of the planned control intervention and the future exhaust gas composition. Furthermore, a processing unit (130) and a computer program for carrying out such a method (200) are proposed.

Methods and systems are provided for regenerating a particulate filter positioned in an exhaust system of an engine of a vehicle. In one example, a method comprises obtaining a first air flow in an intake of the engine and obtaining a second air flow in the intake of the engine, where regeneration of the particulate filter is conducted in response to the first air flow differing from the second air flow by at least a threshold amount, where the first air flow and the second air flow comprise air flow routed from the exhaust system to the intake of the engine. In this way, the particulate filter may be regenerated under conditions where a loading state of the particulate filter is not known.