Embodiments of golf club heads comprising a head interior bounded by a head front portion, a head rear portion, a head heel portion, a head toe portion, a head top portion, and a head sole portion, the golf club heads further comprising various optimized characteristics including optimizing the head center of gravity height and depth in relation to the head volume and mass, are presented herein. Other examples and related methods are also disclosed herein.

A treadmill has a front or rear set of pulleys and a looped running belt. The pulleys rotate with the movement of the belt, e.g., when a user walks, jogs, or runs on the treadmill. The pulleys are mounted on a rotating roller tube so that the roller tube rotates with the pulleys. The roller tube is mounted on a stationary shaft using bearings on each side and a one-way device that allows the pulleys to rotate in one direction. The rotation direction corresponds to the movement of the top of the belt from the front to the rear of the treadmill. The one-way device prevents the pulleys from rotating in the opposite direction, preventing the top of the belt from moving from the rear of the treadmill to the front. The one-way device may be a sprag clutch. The treadmill may be a motor-less, curved treadmill.

A system for and method of scoring a game of golf is provided. A stroke baseline, a points baseline, and a stroke count are utilized to calculate a hole score for each hole. The stroke baseline is typically derived from the par value for a hole, while the stroke count is typically the total strokes required to complete the hole, including any penalty strokes. Typically, the points baseline for each hole is equal to the distance, in yards, between the player's tee-up location and a target location of the hole, the target location being a location on the putting green. Each player selects a tee-up location for each hole, thereby allowing each player to influence the baseline score for each hole. A performance factor is determined for each hole based on the player's performance on that hole.

A tennis ball target device is provided that may provide for at least one target element having lettering, a design, or other such visual indicia that may indicate where a user might strike the target with a tennis ball. In some embodiments, the target element may be hingedly connected at its base to a weighted base element, which in some embodiments provides the counter-force to the impact created by the tennis ball. In some embodiments, different weighted bases may be provided or associated with the present invention.

A multicomponent modular kit for assembling a scoring station for a toss game includes an upright member, a scoreboard adapted to be repeatedly removably affixed to the upright member, a shelf structure adapted to be repeatedly removably affixed to the upright member and to hold cylindrical beverage containers and a base adapted to be repeatedly removably affixed to the lower section of the upright member to stably hold it in a vertical orientation when the scoreboard and shelf structure are affixed to the upright member and the base is placed on a hard essentially horizontal surface. A multicomponent modular kit for assembling a beverage station has the same components as the scoring station except that it may omit the scoreboard.

An exercise device comprises a rigid rod having a first and second ends, a plurality of light sources arranged in a row along at least a portion of an axis extending between the first and second ends of the rigid rod, at least one load sensor for detecting an applied longitudinal force, and a processor coupled to the at least one load sensor and to the plurality of light sources. The processor is configured to execute machine-executable instructions that cause the processor to obtain a signal indicating a magnitude of the applied longitudinal force, and cause a subset of the plurality of light sources to emit light. A ratio of a number of light sources in the subset to a total number of the plurality of light sources represents the magnitude of the applied longitudinal force relative to a reference longitudinal force.

A golf training apparatus device may include a ball plate with golf ball spaced markings on a surface; a ball slide including a channel configured to slideably receive the ball plate as a linear guide and configured to enable linear sliding motion of the ball plate relative to the ball slide; a foot plate; a foot slide including a channel configured to slideably receive the foot plate as a linear guide and configured to enable linear sliding motion of the foot plate relative to the foot slide, the foot slide is rotatably coupled to the ball slide, and may include a telescoping member rotatably coupled to one of the slides, and may further include a swing slide rotatably coupled to a swing plate, where the swing slide may be slidably coupled to the ball or foot plate, and the foot plate may include feet.

A system for a manual treadmill having a tread that rotates around a front axle and a rear axle and side rails on opposing sides of the tread includes a brake configured to slow rotation of at least one of the front axle or the rear axle, a controller, and a first presence sensor in communication with the controller, the first presence sensor positioned on a side rail and configured to detect a user on the side rail. The brake is not normally engaged during operation of the treadmill when the tread is moving and the first presence sensor does not detect the user on the side rail. The controller is configured to, in response to the first presence sensor subsequently detecting the user on the side rail, engage the brake.

An integrated multi-purpose hockey skatemill with a movable skatemill belt (2) comprising a stationary area of the artificial ice (1) with a front face of the work area wherein a movable skatemill belt (2) is built in by means of barrier-free transition areas with a system of spaced signalization/display elements (5) hung on the tiltable/sliding brackets (5a) at the frontal and lateral sectors with respect to the center of the movable skatemill belt (2). There is a safety restraint system (3) and a stabilization system (4) anchored above the movable skatemill belt (2). A tensile/compressive force measuring system (8) is suspended from above in the longitudinal axis of the movable skatemill belt (2). The said skatemill comprises an electronic control unit (9) ECU controlling the operation of the movable skatemill belt's (2) drive system, the system of signalization/display elements (5), the system of optical scanning cameras (6) and the tensile/compressive force measuring system (8). There are two puck feeders (7) located on the border line defining the front side of the work area. There is a hockey goal structure with target zones impact detection sensors located on the edge of the work force in front of the movable skatemill belt (2). Two laser markers (12) used to define the width of a skate track may be located on the stationary area of the artificial ice in front of the movable skatemill belt.

The invention relates to an alignment aid (10) for golfers which provides a reference means for ensuring optimal positioning of the feet, relative both to each other and a golf ball, for a given club selection. The alignment aid comprises a foot-positioning rail (12); a ball-positioning rail (14); and linking arms (16a, 16b, 18a, 18b). The linking arms are pivotably coupled to the respective rails (12, 14) so as to interconnect them and maintain them in a selected spaced apart, substantially parallel alignment. The alignment aid is adjustable between: (i) a fully expanded condition (FIG. 1) in which the spacing of the respective rails is maximised; (ii) a partially collapsed condition (FIG. 2) in which the spacing of the respective rails is reduced relative to the fully expanded condition; and (iii) a fully collapsed condition (FIG. 3) in which the respective rails and linking arms are arranged in a fully overlapped configuration for storage and/or transport.