A vehicle water jacket assembly includes a first water jacket portion establishing a plurality of first fluid channels that are situated to facilitate fluid movement along at least a first plane. A second water jacket portion is situated near the first water jacket portion. The second water jacket portion establishes a plurality of second fluid channels that are situated to facilitate fluid movement along at least a second plane that is generally parallel to the first plane. At least one connector portion establishes a plurality of connector fluid channels that are situated to facilitate fluid movement between at least one of the first fluid channels and at least one of the second fluid channels along a direction that is transverse to the first and second planes.

In a vehicle power unit having an internal combustion engine, a pair of power transmission gears for transmitting rotation of a crank shaft to a balancer shaft is arranged between a crankcase and a crankcase cover, and a fluid pump is provided on a power transmission gear shaft supporting a power transmission gear, by which the backlash between the crank shaft and the balancer shaft is reduced and the friction and the noise of the gears are restrained while achieving downsizing of the gears of the crank shaft and the balancer, weight reduction and downsizing of the power unit.

The present invention relates to a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine comprising an engine block, which includes a plurality of cylinders, and cylinder heads closing the cylinders, wherein each cylinder is surrounded by a respective cooling liner and each cylinder head has provided therein at least one separate cooling chamber connected to the cooling liner of the associated cylinder via at least one transition channel, wherein the transition channels of at least two cylinders are interconnected via a pressure compensation chamber.

An engine having a water jacket may include a cylinder block in which cylinder liners forming a combustion chamber may be disposed from a first end to a second end of the cylinder block, and a block water jacket may be formed around the cylinder liners, a cylinder head having a head water jacket coupled to a top of the cylinder block, receiving cooling water from an exhaust side of the block water jacket and discharging cooling water to an intake side of the block water jacket, and inserts that may be inserted into the block water jacket and that may have horizontal dividing blades dividing the block water jacket into upper and lower parts, legs extending downward from the horizontal dividing blades, and flow preventing protrusions protruding upward from the horizontal dividing blades to divide the upper part of the block water jacket.

An engine system is provided, including an engine, a circulation system that circulates coolant through a water jacket, and a controller. The circulation system includes a radiator passage including a heat exchanger, a bypass passage, a flow rate control device, and a thermally-actuated valve. The engine has a spark plug that forcibly ignites an air-fuel mixture. The engine switches between a first combustion in which the air-fuel mixture combusts without the forcible ignition, and a second combustion in which the air-fuel mixture combusts by the forcible ignition. The controller is electrically connected to the flow rate control device, and when the engine performs the first combustion, the controller controls the flow rate control device to adjust the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the water jacket according to the engine load, by closing the radiator passage and adjusting the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the bypass passage.

Operating an engine system includes feeding a flow of exhaust to a turbine in a turbocharger, receiving a load step request, and increasing a speed of rotation of the turbocharger based on an increase in a fueling rate initiated in response to the load step request. Operating the engine system further includes limiting dissipation of heat energy of the flow of exhaust to the turbine to hasten an increase in the speed of rotation of the turbocharger, and increasing dissipation of heat energy from the flow of exhaust after satisfaction of the load step request. Varying of the dissipation of heat energy can be achieved by displacing an insulating fluid in the exhaust manifold with a heat exchange fluid such as water and/or engine coolant.

An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine comprises a filter 23 arranged in an exhaust passage 23 of an internal combustion engine in which a plurality of cylinders 61, 62, 63, 64 cooled by cooling water are provided and trapping particulate matter in exhaust gas, a wall temperature calculation part 51 configured to calculate or detect wall temperatures of a predetermined number of equal to or more than two cylinders among the plurality of cylinders, and a PM amount calculation part 52 configured to calculate an amount of particulate matter discharged from the plurality of cylinders to the exhaust passage based on the wall temperatures calculated or detected by the wall temperature calculation part.

An internal combustion engine is equipped with a cylinder block having a plurality of cylinders and an in-block water jacket, a cylinder head having an in-head water jacket, and a head gasket. The in-block water jacket includes a plurality of cylinder outer peripheral portions. The head gasket includes a plurality of coolant opening portions. The internal combustion engine is configured such that coolant sequentially flows through the cylinder outer peripheral portions along a cylinder bank direction in the in-block water jacket. The head gasket includes one or a plurality of dam portions provided, in such a manner as to block the flow of coolant, at a position downstream of the coolant opening portion corresponding to the cylinder outer peripheral portion located at least most downstream in an in-block coolant flow direction.

An integrated hybrid power apparatus provided in a flying body includes a generator including a stator and a rotor, at least one engine disposed adjacent to the generator and including a cylinder, and a cooler configured to cool the generator and the engine and perform water-cooling that allows a coolant to circulate in the generator and the engine.

A vehicle comprising an interior; a heat source in thermal communication with the interior; a source of ultraviolet light disposed to emit the ultraviolet light into the interior; and a controller in communication with the heat source and the source of the ultraviolet light, the controller configured to cause (i) the heat source to increase a temperature of the interior, (ii) the source of the ultraviolet light to emit the ultraviolet light into the interior, or (iii) both (i) and (ii) upon receiving a command from a remote user interface. The vehicle can further include a combustion engine that combusts fuel to propel the vehicle. The vehicle can further include a battery in electrical communication with the source of the ultraviolet light and in communication with the controller, the battery having a voltage.