A uniflow engine includes a cylinder having a cylinder wall, a volume exterior to the cylinder, at least one channel extending between the cylinder wall and the volume, and a valve outside of the cylinder configured to open and close flow communication between the cylinder and the volume through the channel.

To improve the effect of preventing contamination of an element in an air cleaner. An air cleaner includes a first inlet (60) through which air is fed to an intake system air passage and a second inlet (62) through which air is fed to an intake system air-fuel mixture passage. An extended passage (72) leads to the second inlet (62), for example. A passage forming member (70, 204) forming the extended passage (72) is shaped to surround a periphery of the first inlet (60). The passage forming member (70, 204) forms a blown-back fuel diffusion preventing region (74) leading to the first inlet (60).

A method for a combustion engine has a working cycle of three revolutions of the crankshaft. The method includes: feeding a fuel mixture into a combustion chamber of a cylinder while moving a piston from a second top dead-center to a first bottom dead-center; compressing an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber while moving the piston from the first bottom dead-center to a first top dead-center; burning the air-fuel mixture while moving the piston from the first top dead-center to a second bottom dead-center; compressing a gas mixture in the combustion chamber while moving the piston from the second bottom dead-center to the first top dead-center; burning the gas mixture while moving the piston from the first top dead-center to the first bottom dead-center; and expelling the gas mixture from the combustion chamber while moving the piston from the first bottom dead-center to the second top dead-center.

A selective-cycle engine selectively operable in a 2-cycle mode and a 4-cycle mode, the selective-cycle engine including a cylinder including a head portion and a sidewall defining a cylinder interior, a piston driven in a reciprocating fashion within the cylinder interior, a head intake port and an exhaust port each defined in the head portion, a first sidewall intake port defined in the sidewall, an exhaust valve operable to open and close the exhaust port, a head intake valve operable to open and close the head intake port, and a first sidewall intake valve operable to open and close the first sidewall intake port. The head intake valve is maintained in a closed position to close the head intake port during 2-cycle mode while the first sidewall intake valve is opened and closed to provide intake air to the cylinder interior with opening and closing of the first sidewall intake valve being separately controlled from reciprocal movement of the piston.

A selective-cycle engine selectively operable in a 2-cycle mode and a 4-cycle mode, the selective-cycle engine including a cylinder including a head portion and a sidewall defining a cylinder interior, a piston driven in a reciprocating fashion within the cylinder interior, a head intake port and an exhaust port each defined in the head portion, a first sidewall intake port defined in the sidewall, an exhaust valve operable to open and close the exhaust port, a head intake valve operable to open and close the head intake port, and a first sidewall intake valve operable to open and close the first sidewall intake port. The head intake valve is maintained in a closed position to close the head intake port during 2-cycle mode while the first sidewall intake valve is opened and closed to provide intake air to the cylinder interior with opening and closing of the first sidewall intake valve being separately controlled from reciprocal movement of the piston.

A fuel valve includes a housing, a nozzle with nozzle holes opening to a volume inside the nozzle at the front end of the housing, a gaseous fuel inlet port in the housing connected to high pressure gaseous fuel, an axially displaceable valve needle received in a longitudinal bore in the housing, and rests on a valve seat in a closed position and has lift from the valve seat in an open position, the valve seat placed between a fuel chamber and an outlet port, the fuel chamber connected to the fuel inlet port, the outlet port connected to the volume in the nozzle, an actuator system for moving the needle between the closed and open positions, an ignition liquid inlet port connected to high pressure ignition liquid, and a conduit connecting the ignition liquid inlet port to the fuel chamber, the conduit including a fixed flow restriction.

An exhaust gas treatment apparatus includes a treatment cabinet and a catalyst part. To the treatment cabinet, introduced is exhaust gas of an engine which uses gas containing methane as a fuel. The catalyst part is accommodated in the treatment cabinet and oxidizes unburned methane contained in the exhaust gas. When a temperature of the catalyst part is lower than a predetermined normal operating temperature, the catalyst part oxidizes carbon monoxide contained in the exhaust gas and uses oxidation reaction heat of carbon monoxide, to thereby raise the temperature of the catalyst part up to the normal operating temperature or higher. Even when the temperature of the exhaust gas supplied to the catalyst part is lower than the normal operating temperature, it is thereby possible to quickly raise the temperature of the catalyst part up to the normal operating temperature por higher.

A method for a combustion engine has a working cycle of three revolutions of the crankshaft. The method includes: feeding a fuel mixture into a combustion chamber of a cylinder while moving a piston from a second top dead-center to a first bottom dead-center; compressing an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber while moving the piston from the first bottom dead-center to a first top dead-center; burning the air-fuel mixture while moving the piston from the first top dead-center to a second bottom dead-center; compressing a gas mixture in the combustion chamber while moving the piston from the second bottom dead-center to the first top dead-center; burning the gas mixture while moving the piston from the first top dead-center to the first bottom dead-center; and expelling the gas mixture from the combustion chamber while moving the piston from the first bottom dead-center to the second top dead-center.

A fuel valve (50) for injecting gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber of a self-igniting internal combustion engine. The fuel valve (50) comprises an elongated fuel valve housing (52) with a rear end and a front end, a nozzle (54) with an elongated nozzle body with a hollow interior that forms a chamber (55) connected to nozzle holes (56), the nozzle (54) being arranged at the front end of the fuel valve housing (52), a gaseous fuel inlet port (53) in the elongated fuel valve housing (52) for connection to a source (60) of high pressure gaseous fuel, an ignition liquid inlet port (78,98) for connection to a source of ignition liquid (57), means (61,69,53,58,61,69) for establishing a timed fluidic connection between the gaseous fuel inlet port and the ignition space (55), and means (61,67,69,76,79,85,98,99) configured for a timed delivery of a finite volume of ignition liquid to the chamber (55) for igniting the gaseous fuel inside the chamber (55).

A suction tube of a stratified scavenging engine that can improve the flexibility in designing the shapes and layouts of an air-fuel mixture passage and an air passage; allow for continuous and smooth changes in the shapes of the cross sections of the air-fuel mixture passage and the air passage from the inlet side toward the outlet side; reduce the number of components; and facilitate attachment and assembly; and that is also advantageous in terms of cost is provided. The suction tube includes an air-fuel mixture passage and an air passage, inlet and outlet sides of the passages being connected to a carburetor and a cylinder, respectively; a cylindrical exterior member that mainly forms an outer perimeter portion of each of the air-fuel mixture passage and the air passage; and an interior member for dividing the inside of the cylindrical exterior member into the air-fuel mixture passage and the air passage. With the use of elastic deformation of the interior member or the cylindrical exterior member, the interior member is attached to and integrally formed with the inside of the cylindrical exterior member.