Methods and systems are provided for controlling boost pressure in a staged engine system comprising a turbocharger and an upstream electric supercharger. In one example, a method may include coordinating the operation of the electric supercharger and an electric supercharger bypass valve and to open the electric supercharger bypass valve to reduce the extent and duration of electric supercharger overboost.

Methods and systems are provided for controlling boost pressure in a staged engine system comprising a turbocharger and an upstream electric supercharger. In one example, a method may include accelerating an electric supercharger to choke the flow of air to the engine in the event of turbocharger overboost.

A system in one embodiment includes at least one cylinder, a supplemental boost supply, and a supply line. The at least one cylinder is configured for use in a reciprocating internal combustion engine, and includes a combustion portion and a crank portion on opposite sides of a piston. The at least one cylinder also includes an intake port and an exhaust port in fluid communication with the combustion portion. The supplemental boost supply is configured to provide a supplemental air supply to the combustion portion of the engine when the engine is idling to increase pressure in the combustion portion. The supply line couples the supplemental boost supply to the intake port.

An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block that defines a cylinder and a cylinder head positioned relative to the cylinder block. A reciprocating piston is arranged inside the cylinder for compressing an air and fuel mixture at a geometric compression ratio of at least 10:1. A crankshaft is arranged in the cylinder block and rotated by the piston. An intake valve is operatively connected to the cylinder head and controls delivery of air to the cylinder for combustion therein. A mechanism provides late intake valve closing via constant peak lift of the intake valve over at least 5 degrees of crankshaft rotation. A multi-stage boosting system, having a turbocharger, a supercharger, and a continuously variable transmission for varying the supercharger's rotating speed, is regulated by a controller to selectively pressurize air being received from the ambient for delivery to the cylinder.

An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block that defines a cylinder and a cylinder head positioned relative to the cylinder block. A reciprocating piston is arranged inside the cylinder for compressing an air and fuel mixture at a geometric compression ratio of at least 10:1. A crankshaft is arranged in the cylinder block and rotated by the piston. An intake valve is operatively connected to the cylinder head and controls delivery of air to the cylinder for combustion therein. A mechanism provides late intake valve closing via constant peak lift of the intake valve over at least 5 degrees of crankshaft rotation. A multi-stage boosting system, having a turbocharger, a supercharger, and a continuously variable transmission for varying the supercharger's rotating speed, is regulated by a controller to selectively pressurize air being received from the ambient for delivery to the cylinder.

A turbocharger system comprises: a gas input for receiving exhaust gases from an engine; a first turbocharger comprising a first compressor driven by a first turbine, arranged to be driven by received exhaust gases and providing a compressed air output defining a boost pressure a second turbocharger, arranged to be driven by exhaust gases passing through the first turbocharger or exhaust gases received at the gas input and being coupled to an electrical generator operative to provide electrical power, the first turbine not being coupled to an electrical generator; and a controller. A diversion mechanism may be configured to affect the flow of exhaust gases between the gas input and the first turbocharger. The controller may be configured to adjust the operation of the electrical generator independently from the operating mode of the associated engine, to affect the boost pressure.

A turbocharger system comprises: a gas input for receiving exhaust gases from an engine; a first turbocharger comprising a first compressor driven by a first turbine, arranged to be driven by received exhaust gases and providing a compressed air output defining a boost pressure a second turbocharger, arranged to be driven by exhaust gases passing through the first turbocharger or exhaust gases received at the gas input and being coupled to an electrical generator operative to provide electrical power, the first turbine not being coupled to an electrical generator; and a controller. A diversion mechanism may be configured to affect the flow of exhaust gases between the gas input and the first turbocharger. The controller may be configured to adjust the operation of the electrical generator independently from the operating mode of the associated engine, to affect the boost pressure.

System for aiding the planing of a planing boat comprising a hull, having a critical transition speed from a displacement sailing and a planing sailing and at least an internal combustion engine comprising means for transmitting an engine displaced power to the water; transmission means defining a gear ratio and identifying a critical speed of rotation of the engine corresponding to the critical speed of the hull; the system comprises a centrifugal supercharger, for supercharging said internal combustion engine, activated by speed multiplying means to be operating in a predetermined interval of speeds of the at least an internal combustion engine including said critical engine speed.

System for aiding the planing of a planing boat comprising a hull, having a critical transition speed from a displacement sailing and a planing sailing and at least an internal combustion engine comprising means for transmitting an engine displaced power to the water; transmission means defining a gear ratio and identifying a critical speed of rotation of the engine corresponding to the critical speed of the hull; the system comprises a centrifugal supercharger, for supercharging said internal combustion engine, activated by speed multiplying means to be operating in a predetermined interval of speeds of the at least an internal combustion engine including said critical engine speed.

A turbocharger system for a vehicle comprising a turbocharger, a tank for compressed gas and an exhaust manifold conduit in fluid communication with an inlet of the turbocharger. The tank is in fluid communication with the manifold conduit and is arranged and controlled to push compressed gas into the manifold conduit during a predetermined pulse duration time period for initial compressor spin up in the turbocharger.