The performance of an automotive gasoline fueled spark-ignited internal combustion engine (ICE) optionally operated with a dedicated exhaust gas recycle system is enhanced by reforming the fuel in the presence of injected water to increase the yield of hydrogen which permits higher compression ratios and suppresses engine knock associated with pre-ignition of the fuel. Reforming can occur (a) in the cylinder with the reaction of a fuel-rich mixture and steam from the water injected into the intake manifold of one or more dedicated exhaust gas recirculation cylinders; (b) in a catalytic reformer located upstream of the engine; (c) in a catalytic reformer located downstream of the engine that receives fuel and the exhaust gas stream from the dedicated exhaust gas recirculation cylinder(s), and returns cooled reformate to the intake manifold; and (d) in a catalytic reformer that receives fuel and the exhaust gas stream from the engine exhaust gas manifold, and delivers reformate to the intake manifold.

An engine including an exhaust bypass valve and an intake bypass valve. The exhaust bypass valve is disposed in an exhaust bypass channel connecting an outlet of an exhaust manifold and an exhaust outlet of a turbocharger to each other. The intake bypass valve is disposed in an intake bypass channel connecting an inlet of an intake manifold and an inlet of the turbocharger. An intake pressure sensor detects a pressure of the intake manifold. If an instruction value indicating an upper limit or a lower limit of the valve opening degree of the intake bypass valve is continuously output for a predetermined time or more, an engine control device determines that an abnormality occurs in at least one of the exhaust bypass valve and the intake bypass valve.

An engine including an exhaust bypass valve and an intake bypass valve. The exhaust bypass valve is disposed in an exhaust bypass channel connecting an outlet of an exhaust manifold and an exhaust outlet of a turbocharger to each other. The intake bypass valve is disposed in an intake bypass channel connecting an inlet of an intake manifold and an inlet of the turbocharger. An intake pressure sensor detects a pressure of the intake manifold. If an instruction value indicating an upper limit or a lower limit of the valve opening degree of the intake bypass valve is continuously output for a predetermined time or more, an engine control device determines that an abnormality occurs in at least one of the exhaust bypass valve and the intake bypass valve.

The present invention refers to a system, a method and a device to optimize the efficiency of the combustion of gases for the production of clean energy comprising a magnetic nucleus (30) and inlet and outlet ducts (41a, 42a), the inlet and outlet ducts (41a, 42a) being configured to receive gases, the gases alternately establishing flows between the inlet ducts (41a) and the outlet ducts (42a) and vice-versa, the magnetic nucleus (30) being configured to generate and to expose the gases within the inlet and outlet ducts (41a, 42a) to magnetic fields (35), the alternation of flows between the inlet and outlet ducts (41a, 42a) and the exposure to magnetic fields (35) promoting acceleration of the hydrogen atoms and ions of oxygen and argon, promoting the reduction of the radii of the orbits of the electrons of the hydrogen around their nuclei and provoking the release of potential energy of the electrons and corresponding increase of the kinetic energy of the nuclei of the gas molecules, in such a way to optimize (increase) the heating power of the gases (201, 202).

The present invention refers to a system, a method and a device to optimize the efficiency of the combustion of gases for the production of clean energy comprising a magnetic nucleus (30) and inlet and outlet ducts (41a, 42a), the inlet and outlet ducts (41a, 42a) being configured to receive gases, the gases alternately establishing flows between the inlet ducts (41a) and the outlet ducts (42a) and vice-versa, the magnetic nucleus (30) being configured to generate and to expose the gases within the inlet and outlet ducts (41a, 42a) to magnetic fields (35), the alternation of flows between the inlet and outlet ducts (41a, 42a) and the exposure to magnetic fields (35) promoting acceleration of the hydrogen atoms and ions of oxygen and argon, promoting the reduction of the radii of the orbits of the electrons of the hydrogen around their nuclei and provoking the release of potential energy of the electrons and corresponding increase of the kinetic energy of the nuclei of the gas molecules, in such a way to optimize (increase) the heating power of the gases (201, 202).

Typically, an engine-compressor for compressing natural gas for use as a fuel has a single cooling circuit to cool both its combustion unit and compression unit. A single cooling circuit design is not ideal because the optimal temperature for the combustion unit is higher than the compression unit of the engine-compressor. The present invention provides a dual zone cooling system to cool the combustion unit separately from the compression unit.

Typically, an engine-compressor for compressing natural gas for use as a fuel has a single cooling circuit to cool both its combustion unit and compression unit. A single cooling circuit design is not ideal because the optimal temperature for the combustion unit is higher than the compression unit of the engine-compressor. The present invention provides a dual zone cooling system to cool the combustion unit separately from the compression unit.

An internal combustion engine, in particular a gas Otto-cycle engine, is provided. The internal combustion engine comprises a plurality of cylinders. Each cylinder is provided with a pre-chamber, and a pre-chamber gas supply conduit through which the pre-chamber can be supplied with fuel gas. The fuel gas is supplied to the pre-chambers by way of a pre-chamber gas valve associated with the respective pre-chamber. Also, an aperture is arranged between the pre-chamber gas supply conduit and the pre-chamber gas valve. At least one aperture associated with a pre-chamber gas valve has a through-flow coefficient such that pressure occurring at a maximum between combustion cycles in a volume between the pre-chamber gas valve and the aperture does not reach a pressure prevailing in the pre-chamber gas supply conduit.

An internal combustion engine, in particular a gas Otto-cycle engine, is provided. The internal combustion engine comprises a plurality of cylinders. Each cylinder is provided with a pre-chamber, and a pre-chamber gas supply conduit through which the pre-chamber can be supplied with fuel gas. The fuel gas is supplied to the pre-chambers by way of a pre-chamber gas valve associated with the respective pre-chamber. Also, an aperture is arranged between the pre-chamber gas supply conduit and the pre-chamber gas valve. At least one aperture associated with a pre-chamber gas valve has a through-flow coefficient such that pressure occurring at a maximum between combustion cycles in a volume between the pre-chamber gas valve and the aperture does not reach a pressure prevailing in the pre-chamber gas supply conduit.

The present invention provides a catalyst composition for inhibiting the inactivation of a catalyst for purification of compressed natural gas combustion system exhaust gas on which a noble metal component comprising platinum and palladium is supported. An oxidation catalyst, for a compressed natural gas vehicle or static combustion system exhaust gas, in which a first alumina impregnated with platinum, a second alumina impregnated with palladium, and a ceria component are supported on a ceramic support, has a barium cocatalyst supported on the first alumina, thereby greatly inhibiting inactivation of a CNG lean burn engine catalyst.