A proposed method provides a highly efficient fueled power output augmentation of the liquid air energy storage (LAES) through its integration with the semi-closed CO.sub.2 bottoming cycle. It combines the production of liquid air in air liquefier during LAES charge using excessive power from the grid and an effective recovery of stored air for production of on-demand power in the fueled supercharged reciprocating internal combustion engine (ICE) and associated expanders of the power block during LAES discharge. A cold thermal energy of liquid air being re-gasified is recovered for cryogenic capturing most of CO.sub.2 emissions from the facility exhaust with following use of the captured CO.sub.2 in the semi-closed bottoming cycle, resulting in enhancement of total LAES facility discharge power output and suppressing the thermal NOx formation in the ICE.

A proposed method provides a highly efficient fueled power output augmentation of the liquid air energy storage (LAES) through its integration with the semi-closed CO.sub.2 bottoming cycle. It combines the production of liquid air in air liquefier during LAES charge using excessive power from the grid and an effective recovery of stored air for production of on-demand power in the fueled supercharged reciprocating internal combustion engine (ICE) and associated expanders of the power block during LAES discharge. A cold thermal energy of liquid air being re-gasified is recovered for cryogenic capturing most of CO.sub.2 emissions from the facility exhaust with following use of the captured CO.sub.2 in the semi-closed bottoming cycle, resulting in enhancement of total LAES facility discharge power output and suppressing the thermal NOx formation in the ICE.

Systems and methods for coupling a chemical looping arrangement and a supercritical CO.sub.2 cycle are provided. The system includes a fuel reactor, an air reactor, a compressor, first and second heat exchangers, and a turbine. The fuel reactor is configured to heat fuel and oxygen carriers resulting in reformed or combusted fuel and reduced oxygen carriers. The air reactor is configured to re-oxidize the reduced oxygen carriers via an air stream. The air stream, fuel, and oxygen carriers are heated via a series of preheaters prior to their entry into the air and fuel reactors. The compressor is configured to increase the pressure of a CO.sub.2 stream to create a supercritical CO.sub.2 stream. The first and second heat exchangers are configured to heat the supercritical CO.sub.2 stream, and the turbine is configured to expand the heated supercritical CO.sub.2 stream to generate power.

A power generation system includes an inert gas power source, a thermal/electrical power converter and a power plant. The thermal/electrical power converter includes a compressor with an output coupled to an input of the inert gas power source. The power plant has an input coupled in series with an output of the thermal/electrical power converter. The thermal/electrical power converter and the power plant are configured to serially convert thermal power produced at an output of the inert gas power source into electricity. The thermal/electrical power converter includes an inert gas reservoir tank coupled to an input of the compressor via a reservoir tank control valve and to the output of the compressor via another reservoir tank control valve. The reservoir tank control valve and the another reservoir tank control valve are configured to regulate a temperature of the output of the thermal/electrical power converter.

A power generation system includes an inert gas power source, a thermal/electrical power converter and a power plant. The thermal/electrical power converter includes a compressor with an output coupled to an input of the inert gas power source. The power plant has an input coupled in series with an output of the thermal/electrical power converter. The thermal/electrical power converter and the power plant are configured to serially convert thermal power produced at an output of the inert gas power source into electricity. The thermal/electrical power converter includes an inert gas reservoir tank coupled to an input of the compressor via a reservoir tank control valve and to the output of the compressor via another reservoir tank control valve. The reservoir tank control valve and the another reservoir tank control valve are configured to regulate a temperature of the output of the thermal/electrical power converter.

Control systems and methods suitable for combination with power production systems and methods are provided herein. The control systems and methods may be used with, for example, closed power cycles as well as semi-closed power cycles. The combined control systems and methods and power production systems and methods can provide dynamic control of the power production systems and methods that can be carried out automatically based upon inputs received by controllers and outputs from the controllers to one or more components of the power production systems.

A turbomachine (105) configured to compress supercritical carbon dioxide is shown. The turbomachine comprises, in fluid flow series, an inlet (201), an inducerless radial impeller (202) having a plurality of blades, a fully vaneless diffuser (203), and a volute (204) comprising a tongue and having a flow area at the tongue equal to that of the diffuser.

A turbomachine (105) configured to compress supercritical carbon dioxide is shown. The turbomachine comprises, in fluid flow series, an inlet (201), an inducerless radial impeller (202) having a plurality of blades, a fully vaneless diffuser (203), and a volute (204) comprising a tongue and having a flow area at the tongue equal to that of the diffuser.

A fuel, an oxidant, and a diluent can be introduced to a combustion zone, wherein the oxidant comprises air, oxygen-enriched air, or oxygen-lean air. At least a portion of the fuel can be combusted to produce an exhaust gas comprising, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide. The exhaust gas can be expanded to produce mechanical power and an expanded exhaust gas. A concentration of at least one of oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, in the exhaust gas or the expanded exhaust gas or both can be determined, and an amount of the oxidant or the fuel introduced to the combustion zone, or both, can be adjusted based on the determined concentration to produce an exhaust gas containing a combined amount of oxygen and carbon monoxide of less than about 2 mol % and a nitrogen concentration ranging from 20 mol % to 75 mol %. The diluent to the combustion zone can include at least a portion of the exhaust gas containing a combined amount of oxygen and carbon monoxide of less than 2 mol % and a nitrogen concentration ranging from 20 mol % to 75 mol %.

A fuel, an oxidant, and a diluent can be introduced to a combustion zone, wherein the oxidant comprises air, oxygen-enriched air, or oxygen-lean air. At least a portion of the fuel can be combusted to produce an exhaust gas comprising, nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide. The exhaust gas can be expanded to produce mechanical power and an expanded exhaust gas. A concentration of at least one of oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide, in the exhaust gas or the expanded exhaust gas or both can be determined, and an amount of the oxidant or the fuel introduced to the combustion zone, or both, can be adjusted based on the determined concentration to produce an exhaust gas containing a combined amount of oxygen and carbon monoxide of less than about 2 mol % and a nitrogen concentration ranging from 20 mol % to 75 mol %. The diluent to the combustion zone can include at least a portion of the exhaust gas containing a combined amount of oxygen and carbon monoxide of less than 2 mol % and a nitrogen concentration ranging from 20 mol % to 75 mol %.