The present invention provides a novel combination of devices to measure and transmit to an electronic controller data pertaining to differential pressures, temperatures, regeneration status, exhaust content, accumulated gas consumption and substitute fuel consumption. The electronic controller compares the data to thresholds; when the controller receives signals indicating these thresholds or limits are met, the controller causes the gas substitution rate to be diminished or set to zero until after-treatments elements are fully regenerated thereby facilitating integration of a mixed fuel system with an application internal combustion engine.

A sensor module is adapted to be attached to an actuator body incorporating an electric actuator. The sensor module includes a sensor assembly, a sensor cover, and a connector housing. The sensor assembly includes a sensor detection part and a sensor housing. The sensor detection part is configured to detect a physical change amount of a driven body driven by the electric actuator and to convert the physical change amount into an electrical signal. The sensor housing incorporates the sensor detection part. The sensor cover is provided separately from the sensor housing and is attached to the actuator body. The sensor module is configured integrally by attaching the sensor assembly to the sensor cover. A connector terminal electrically connected to a connection terminal of the sensor detection part is insert-molded in the connector housing. The connector housing is provided integrally with the sensor housing.

In an electric actuator, one end portion of a return spring is hooked to a first slit formed in a radially outer guide of an output gear, so that the return spring is twisted for a predetermined angle that is slightly smaller than an initial set angle. A tilted slit portion is formed at an opening of a second slit that is formed in a covering wall of a spring installation member to twist the return spring to a predetermined initial set angle. Thereby, simultaneously with assembling of a valve shaft to the output gear, the return spring is twisted for the initial set angle. Thus, an assembling work of the electric actuator can be simplified.

In an electric actuator, one end portion of a return spring is hooked to a first slit formed in a radially outer guide of an output gear, so that the return spring is twisted for a predetermined angle that is slightly smaller than an initial set angle. A tilted slit portion is formed at an opening of a second slit that is formed in a covering wall of a spring installation member to twist the return spring to a predetermined initial set angle. Thereby, simultaneously with assembling of a valve shaft to the output gear, the return spring is twisted for the initial set angle. Thus, an assembling work of the electric actuator can be simplified.

The present invention provides a compact throttle valve device with good valve responsiveness and small unnecessary vibrations, an engine, and a vehicle. A slotless brushless motor-driven throttle valve device has a throttle body provided with a tubular portion in which an intake air passage is formed, a throttle valve disposed in the tubular portion, and a slotless brushless motor serving as a drive motor for performing opening/closing drive for the throttle valve. The throttle body housing has a hole portion into which a fixing member for fixing the throttle body to a member to be attached is inserted. The hole portion is formed in the vicinity of the outer circumferential portion of the tubular portion. The compact, narrow slotless brushless motor is disposed near the hole portion formed in the throttle body, and the throttle valve device is very compact.

The present invention provides a compact throttle valve device with good valve responsiveness and small unnecessary vibrations, an engine, and a vehicle. A slotless brushless motor-driven throttle valve device has a throttle body provided with a tubular portion in which an intake air passage is formed, a throttle valve disposed in the tubular portion, and a slotless brushless motor serving as a drive motor for performing opening/closing drive for the throttle valve. The throttle body housing has a hole portion into which a fixing member for fixing the throttle body to a member to be attached is inserted. The hole portion is formed in the vicinity of the outer circumferential portion of the tubular portion. The compact, narrow slotless brushless motor is disposed near the hole portion formed in the throttle body, and the throttle valve device is very compact.

An internal combustion engine 31 for a motorcycle includes a supercharger 63 arranged above a crankcase 81 positioned below a front cylinder head 92 of a front bank 31A and a rear cylinder head 97 of a rear bank 31B. In the internal combustion engine 31 for the motorcycle, the crankcase 81 is covered with a case cover 116 from the outside in a vehicle width direction, and the supercharger 63 is supported by a supercharger supporting portion 116a provided above the case cover 116.

Methods and systems are provided for operating a branched exhaust assembly in a vehicle engine in order to increase catalyst efficiency and reduce engine emissions. In one example, a method may include, during a cold-start condition, flowing exhaust first through a three-way catalyst then through an underbody converter and then through a turbine, each exhaust component housed on different branches on the branched exhaust assembly. After catalyst activation, exhaust may flow first through the turbine, then through the underbody converter and then through the three-way catalyst, and during high engine load, exhaust may simultaneously flow through two branches of the branched exhaust assembly, partially bypassing the turbine.

The invention relates to an engine control valve (1) which comprises a rotatable actuator (7), a valve (5), and a movement transformation device (9) suitable for transforming the rotation of the actuator (7) into translation of the valve (5). The movement transmission device (9) comprises a helical link with uniform pitch for translating the valve (5).

The purpose of this invention is to achieve an electric air flow control device comprising a motor rotor bearing structure having excellent wear resistance even with loads from striking caused by a high vibrational environment specific to an internal combustion engine. A cylindrical sintered metal slide bearing is used in at least one of a front bearing (16) and a rear bearing (17) that support a rotor shaft (14) of a motor (3) that is the rotary control drive source of a throttle valve (7) that controls the intake air flow to an internal combustion engine, and the bearing design is such that the relationship of the radial crushing strength and the compressive deformation rate of the cylindrical sintered metal bearing has the mechanical properties of a maximum radial crushing strength of 230 N/mm2 or greater and a maximum compressive deformation rate of 3.5% or greater at the maximum radial crushing strength.