An engine includes an exhaust manifold, an intake manifold, and an EGR device configured to supply EGR gas from the exhaust manifold to the intake manifold. An EGR cooler is provided at a side of the exhaust manifold, and a longitudinal direction of the EGR cooler is in an up-down direction of the engine in a used state.

An engine includes an exhaust manifold, an intake manifold, and an EGR device configured to supply EGR gas from the exhaust manifold to the intake manifold. An EGR cooler is provided at a side of the exhaust manifold, and a longitudinal direction of the EGR cooler is in an up-down direction of the engine in a used state.

A supercharger and a turbocharger are provided, as well as a load sensor detecting a traction load of a trailer towed by a semi-trailer and being arranged in a coupler. A combined supercharging and turbocharging is performed by the supercharger and the turbocharger when the traction load is heavier than a previously defined traction determination value. Only supercharging is performed by the turbocharger when the traction load is not more than the traction determination value.

A supercharger and a turbocharger are provided, as well as a load sensor detecting a traction load of a trailer towed by a semi-trailer and being arranged in a coupler. A combined supercharging and turbocharging is performed by the supercharger and the turbocharger when the traction load is heavier than a previously defined traction determination value. Only supercharging is performed by the turbocharger when the traction load is not more than the traction determination value.

A system and method for controlling an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system in a hybrid vehicle using an intrusive monitor include adjusting EGR flow through an EGR valve based on an average pressure difference between pressure measured from a manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor and inferred pressure determined from mass air flow (MAF) into an intake of an engine when engine speed, throttle and camshaft timing position change is below a corresponding threshold. The measured pressure and inferred pressure are determined when the EGR valve is in a closed position and an open position.

A system and method for controlling an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system in a hybrid vehicle using an intrusive monitor include adjusting EGR flow through an EGR valve based on an average pressure difference between pressure measured from a manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor and inferred pressure determined from mass air flow (MAF) into an intake of an engine when engine speed, throttle and camshaft timing position change is below a corresponding threshold. The measured pressure and inferred pressure are determined when the EGR valve is in a closed position and an open position.

An engine system is provided, which includes an engine, a swirl control valve, and a controller. The engine includes a cylinder, a piston, and a fuel injection valve provided incliningly with respect to an axial direction of the piston and configured to directly inject fuel into the cylinder. The swirl control valve is provided inside an intake passage and generates a swirl flow inside the cylinder at least when the valve closes. When an engine load is below a given threshold, the controller controls the swirl control valve to close, and controls the fuel injection valve to inject fuel during an intake stroke. While the engine load is below the threshold, at a fixed engine speed, the controller controls to advance a fuel injection timing when the engine load is at a first load, compared with at a second load higher than the first load.

An engine system is provided, which includes an engine, a swirl control valve, and a controller. The engine includes a cylinder, a piston, and a fuel injection valve provided incliningly with respect to an axial direction of the piston and configured to directly inject fuel into the cylinder. The swirl control valve is provided inside an intake passage and generates a swirl flow inside the cylinder at least when the valve closes. When an engine load is below a given threshold, the controller controls the swirl control valve to close, and controls the fuel injection valve to inject fuel during an intake stroke. While the engine load is below the threshold, at a fixed engine speed, the controller controls to advance a fuel injection timing when the engine load is at a first load, compared with at a second load higher than the first load.

A method, a combustion engine controller, and a combustion engine incorporating the controller to implement the method are provided. The method includes determining a first dedicated exhaust gas recirculation (D-EGR) cylinder parameter value of a first D-EGR cylinder parameter associated with a first D-EGR cylinder of the combustion engine; and regenerating the first D-EGR cylinder responsive to the first D-EGR cylinder parameter value satisfying a threshold indicative of a carbon build-up level.

An EGR valve is provided in an EGR passage circulating a part of an exhaust gas of an exhaust pipe in an intake pipe as an EGR gas, the EGR valve adjusting an EGR gas amount flowing in the EGR passage when an engine is in an EGR region, a differential pressure device is provided in the intake pipe, the differential pressure device adjusting a differential pressure of the EGR valve, a control unit is provided to control the EGR valve and the differential pressure device, and the EGR control method includes switching whether to adjust the EGR gas amount using the EGR valve and the differential pressure device or to adjust the EGR gas amount using the EGR valve only on the basis of an exhaust gas pressure of an inlet portion of the EGR passage.