An imbedded control system is disclosed for use with an engine having a combustion chamber and an associated piston associated. The control system may have at least one sensor configured to generate a signal indicative of a combustion process occurring inside the combustion chamber, and a controller in communication with the at least one sensor. The controller may be configured to determine an amount of heat and a pressure generated inside the combustion chamber based on the signal and a combustion model, to determine a heat flux through the piston based on the amount of heat and a heat flux model, and to determine a temperature at a rim of the piston based on the heat flux and a thermal model. The controller may be further configured to track a time at the temperature and the pressure, and to determine a damage count of the piston based on the time.

When an internal combustion engine operates in a stoichiometric mode, a control apparatus operates a cooling system so that the temperature of intake air becomes 45° C. When the internal combustion engine operates in a lean mode, the control apparatus operates the cooling system so that the temperature of intake air becomes 35° C. Also, the control apparatus calculates a crank angle period from an ignition timing until a crank angle at which a mass fraction burned becomes 10% and adjusts a fuel injection amount so that the SA-CA10 coincides with a target SA-CA10. Then, the control apparatus sets the target SA-CA10 short immediately after switching from the stoichiometric mode to the lean mode and extends the target SA-CA10 in accordance with a decrease in the temperature of intake air.

In order to prevent an abnormal combustion due to oil, a restriction region (B) is designated on a low-speed and high-load side of an internal combustion engine (1), and an opening of throttle valve (12) is restricted so that an engine operating condition is not observed within the restriction region (B). A predetermined designated inspection region (A) is set so as to include the restriction region (B), and it is judged whether or not the abnormal combustion actually occurred when the internal combustion engine (1) is running within the designated inspection region (A). If the abnormal combustion was detected, the restriction region (B) is expanded, meanwhile, if the abnormal combustion was not detected, the expanded restriction region (B) is gradually decreased. If the abnormal combustion occurred at a shorter interval than a threshold value, the restriction region (B) is expanded at once to a predetermined size.

A method for avoiding pre-ignitions during the operation of an internal combustion engine includes measuring a noise level of a combustion process using an acceleration sensor. An amplitude an amplitude of the measured noise level is measured to detect pre-ignitions. If, in the analysis, the measured noise level of a combustion cycle exceeds a limiting value n times, a safety operating mode of the internal combustion engine for reducing an effecting compression in the combustion chamber is activated. The safety operating mode is maintained if exceeding of the amplitude limiting value is also detected in subsequent combustion cycles of the internal combustion engine.

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to controlling an inner effective torque or an effective torque of a drive unit via a unit controlling unit. In some embodiments, the control method may include providing desired values for the inner effective torque or the effective torque and determining actual values for the inner effective torque or the effective torque during operation of the drive unit on a test stand, and in that actuating dynamics of the drive unit are taken into account in the control by means of a transfer function by correcting the desired values of the control with the transfer function or in that for controlling the inner effective torque or the effective torque of the drive unit, a feed forward control of a manipulated variable of the drive unit is used.

An engine control system for an internal combustion engine may include at least one energy harvesting module with at least one energy converter and at least one energy module for transmitting electric energy, and at least one sensor for detecting a physical or chemical measurement quantity on or in an engine component. The engine control system may also include a microcontroller connected to the sensor and the radio module and for processing the measurement quantity, a radio module for a wireless transmission of the measurement quantity to a radio receiver, and an engine control unit connected to the radio receiver and configured to evaluate incoming measurement quantities from the radio module, process the incoming measurement quantities into control signals, and transmit the control signals to the internal combustion engine for protecting the engine component. The energy module may be connected at least to the microcontroller and the radio module.

The present invention relates to a method for increased exhaust gas temperature and emission reduction at partial loads in a diesel engine, wherein said engine comprises a cylinder with a reciprocating piston, a variable compression volume (VCR), and at least one exhaust valve and at least one inlet valve, the latter being equipped with variable valve timing (WT). According to the prevailing engine power requirement, an engine control system determines when to open and close said inlet valve, and the size of said compression volume in order to achieve a sufficiently elevated exhaust gas temperature so that correct exhaust gas purification can be achieved. The method is characterized in that the cylinder pressure during the expansion stroke is managed by the engine control system by means of the VCR and VVT functions, such that said pressure reaches atmospheric or sub atmospheric levels at or before bottom dead centre, at engine loads at or below 25% of the maximum engine load, whereby the inlet valve is opened to allow air to mix with the combustion gases. The invention also relates to a corresponding device and a diesel engine comprising said device.

The present disclosure provides a method for adjusting the operation of an internal combustion engine comprising: determining a gradient of an overrun-air line based on an ambient condition and a current operating point; determining a value for a cylinder air mass situated in a cylinder after closure of the gas exchange valves; and using the determined cylinder air mass to adjust one or more operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. The overrun-air line may correspond to an air mass situated in the respective cylinder after closure of the gas exchange valves at predefined operating temperature for the engine, when the engine is operated briefly without fuel metering and combustion. Determining a cylinder air mass may be based at least in part on the current operating point and the current ambient value of the at least one ambient variable.

A process to adjust the ignition timing of an air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, the process comprises determining a first quantity indicative of a pressure of the mixture for a cycle of the engine, determining a second quantity indicative of a speed of the engine, determining a third quantity indicative of a first temperature of a conditioning fluid, providing a heat exchange mathematical model for the combustion chamber, which maps the three quantities from the first to the third one onto a fourth quantity indicative of a second temperature of a wall portion around the combustion chamber, estimating the fourth quantity by means of the three determined quantities and by means of the mathematical model, and adjusting the ignition timing as a function of the fourth estimated quantity.

A method for engine combustion noise feedback control includes calculating an engine combustion noise target value by a controller. A cylinder pressure is measured after combustion of fuel according to a main injection timing and an amount of pilot fuel based on the calculated engine combustion noise target value. A combustion noise index (CNI) is calculated by converting the measured cylinder pressure into a cylinder pressure level. The feedback pilot injection is controlled in which the CNI is applied to injection variable control while controlling the main injection timing and the amount of pilot fuel.