An apparatus for measuring aerosol particles includes a charging unit to form charged particles by charging particles of an aerosol sample flow by diffusion charging, and a collecting unit to provide an electric current by collecting charges from the charged particles by diffusion of the charged particles, the electric current being indicative of number density of aerosol particles of the aerosol sample flow.

The internal pressure of the collecting unit is maintained at a reduced value in order to provide a flat response of the electric current for detecting nanoparticles of different sizes.

An air intake amount measurement device 200 includes an intake distributor 3 distributing intake air CYL to cylinders 11, 12, 13, and 14, a temperature detector 202 detecting a temperature Ti of the intake air CYL, a pressure detector 201 for detecting a pressure Pi of intake air CL, and a computing unit 100 that computes an air intake amount mfcyl of the intake air CYL on the basis of the temperature Ti transmitted from the temperature detector 202 and the pressure Pi transmitted from the pressure detector 201. The temperature detector 202 detects the temperature Ti of the intake air CYL at a region W spanning, out of an inside of the intake distributor 3, a first branch portion 31 and a second branch portion 32.

A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine performs a first acquisition process for acquiring a first index value corresponding to an integrated amount of intake air during a performance of the fuel cutoff process, and a cancellation process for cancelling the fuel cutoff process when the first index value becomes equal to or larger than a first predetermined value during the performance of the fuel cutoff process. Besides, the control apparatus performs a second acquisition process for acquiring a second index value corresponding to an elapsed time from the end of the fuel cutoff process to the subsequent start of the fuel cutoff process, and a change process for making the first predetermined value smaller when the second index value is small in starting the fuel cutoff process than when the second index value is large in starting the fuel cutoff process.

Methods and systems are provided for diagnostics of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) components including an EGR pressure sensor. In one example, a method for an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system of a vehicle comprises diagnosing an excessive EGR flow rate via an MAP-MAF strategy, the MAP-MAF strategy including estimating an EGR flow rate based on a difference between an output of a manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor of the vehicle and an output of a mass airflow (MAF) sensor of the vehicle; and in response to stable intrusive conditions being met, intrusively commanding an EGR valve of the EGR system to a closed position to confirm the diagnosed excessive EGR flow rate. If the excessive flow is detected after the EGR valve is commanded to the closed position, a diagnostic code may be set.

Methods and systems are provided for diagnostics of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) components including an EGR pressure sensor. In one example, a method for an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system of a vehicle comprises diagnosing an excessive EGR flow rate via an MAP-MAF strategy, the MAP-MAF strategy including estimating an EGR flow rate based on a difference between an output of a manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor of the vehicle and an output of a mass airflow (MAF) sensor of the vehicle; and in response to stable intrusive conditions being met, intrusively commanding an EGR valve of the EGR system to a closed position to confirm the diagnosed excessive EGR flow rate. If the excessive flow is detected after the EGR valve is commanded to the closed position, a diagnostic code may be set.

A data processing method of variable measurement data in an electronic control unit (ECU) is provided. The ECU that processes the data processing method calculates a filtering frequency based on a delay time frequency based on a transmission timing cycle of the measurement data and a processing timing cycle of the measurement data in the ECU, and also based on a pulsation frequency of the measurement data, and removes, from the measurement data, a component of the filtering frequency calculated in the calculation of the filtering frequency.

Methods and systems for calculating a plurality of aging factors in a system operating an engine. The calculated aging factors may include one or more of fuel injector drift, exhaust gas recirculation valve obstruction, and mass air flow sensor bias. Mass flow throughout the system, and pressures and temperatures within the system, are observed in an approach that relies on mass preservation concepts to estimate fuel injector drift, exhaust gas recirculation valve obstruction, and mass air flow sensor bias.

Methods and systems for calculating a plurality of aging factors in a system operating an engine. The calculated aging factors may include one or more of fuel injector drift, exhaust gas recirculation valve obstruction, and mass air flow sensor bias. Mass flow throughout the system, and pressures and temperatures within the system, are observed in an approach that relies on mass preservation concepts to estimate fuel injector drift, exhaust gas recirculation valve obstruction, and mass air flow sensor bias.

A blowby gas treatment device includes a pressure control valve, a fresh air induction pipe, a first blowby gas pipe, a second blowby gas pipe, a shutoff valve, a one-way valve, and a PCV valve. A leak diagnosis includes a first-stage diagnosis to determine whether or not falling of a pressure in a crank case after closing of the shutoff valve under a non-supercharging condition is normal. A second-stage diagnosis is implemented by moving the pressure control valve from a fully opened state into a fully closed state, and determining whether an intake air quantity in each state is equal to each other. When the intake air quantity in each state is equal to each other, presence of an in-system leak is determined. When a fully closed state intake air quantity is different from a fully opened state intake air quantity, presence of an out-of-system leak is determined.

The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine comprising: determining a first set point value of a volume of air to be taken into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine within one working cycle thereof by retrieving the first set point value from a first characteristic map stored in a memory device of an electronic computing device as a function of a current engine speed of the internal combustion engine and as a function of a torque to be provided by the internal combustion engine; and determining a second set point value by retrieving the second set point value from a second characteristic map stored in the memory device of the electronic computing device as a function of a current engine speed of the internal combustion engine and as a function of a current volume of air supplied to the combustion chamber.