A method of fuel injector management based on cylinder knock detection includes: receiving an individual cylinder knock count from a first cylinder; determining whether a knock metric is initialized for the first cylinder, whether the knock metric deviates from an established baseline knock metric after multiple cycles when the knock metric is initialized for the first cylinder, whether the knock metric is decreasing with respect to the established baseline knock metric when the knock metric deviates from the established baseline knock metric, whether a fuel system memory indicates rich, lean or healthy when that the knock metric is decreasing with respect to the established baseline knock metric, whether a knock adaptation control indicates a reduction of knock for the first cylinder, and updating a health status of a fuel injector based on the indication of rich, lean, or healthy.

A method for generating a normal operation model indicative of a normal operational condition of a fuel rail of a common rail internal combustion engine. The method comprises receiving, from an engine management system of the common rail internal combustion engine via a data interface, engine model data obtained periodically during operation of the common rail internal combustion engine. The engine model data comprises fuel rail pressure data indicative of a fuel rail pressure of the fuel rail and engine speed data indicative of an engine speed of the engine. The method further comprises storing the engine model data in a memory. The engine model data is accumulated over a sampling time period. The method further comprises dividing, by a processor, the fuel rail pressure data into a predetermined number of engine speed bins derived from the engine speed data during the sampling time period so as to generate binned engine model data indicative of frequency of occurrence of fuel rail pressures within each bin, and generating, by the processor for each bin of the predetermined number of bins, statistical attribute model data based on the binned engine model data. The method also comprises generating, by the processor, the normal operation model based on the statistical attribute model data for each bin when taken together, and storing, in the memory, the normal operation model for comparison with engine test data accumulated over a detection time period for enabling detection of an anomaly in an operational condition of the fuel rail based on comparison between the engine test data accumulated over the detection time period and the statistical attribute model data of the normal operation model.

A control system for a watercraft includes a device on or in the watercraft, a sensor, and a computer. The sensor is operable to detect status data indicating a status of the device. The computer is configured or programmed to store a decision logic to determine whether or not a malfunction or trouble of the watercraft has occurred, and determine whether or not the malfunction or trouble has occurred based on the status data with reference to the decision logic.

A combustion engine system may include a combustion engine having a cylinder and a fuel injection system. The fuel injection system may include a common rail containing pressurized fuel and a fuel injector in fluid communication with the common rail and the cylinder, or other cylinder access pathway. The system may also include an electronic control module in signal communication with the fuel injector for controlling opening and closing of the fuel injector, where opening the fuel injector may include holding the fuel injector open for a particular amount of time. The electronic control module may be configured for accumulating wear on the fuel injector as accumulated wear, determining the particular amount of time as a compensation time to compensate for the accumulated wear, and operating the fuel injector by opening the fuel injector for the compensation time.

A control device for measuring an internal combustion engine on a test bench includes: at least one interface, which is configured to receive a measured value measured at a measurement point of a parameter space of the internal combustion engine, spanned by at least one internal combustion engine parameter; a computing module, which is configured to adapt an internal combustion engine model based on the measured valuewhich is receivedat the measurement point; and an optimization module, which is configured to determine a target function based on an adapted internal combustion engine model, to optimize the target function, and based on the target functionwhich is optimizedto determine a new measurement point in the parameter space.