Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine. In one example embodiment, the cylinder head includes at least one spark plug having at least one earth electrode, a precombustion chamber accommodating the at least one spark plug, and a fuel channel which leads into the precombustion chamber. The fuel channel having a flow axis at an outlet that is oriented in the direction of the at least one earth electrode. An axis of rotation of the at least one spark plug has an offset with respect to the flow axis between 0 and 15% of the greatest precombustion chamber diameter.

A cam follower assembly having a plastic guide body and a cam follower having two opposing roller shaft ends is provided. The single piece guide body includes a pair of grooved members. Each of the grooved members include an interior surface defining an elongated guide groove having a recessed surface. The elongated guide grooves are facing and aligned with each other. The cam follower is disposed between the pair of grooved member such that one of the roller shaft ends is received in one guide groove and the opposite roller shaft end is received in the other of the guide groove. The roller shaft ends are slidable in a reciprocal axial direction within the elongated guide grooves and retained between the recessed surfaces. The plastic guide body may be injection molded from a nylon material having glass fibers.

A cam follower assembly having a plastic guide body and a cam follower having two opposing roller shaft ends is provided. The single piece guide body includes a pair of grooved members. Each of the grooved members include an interior surface defining an elongated guide groove having a recessed surface. The elongated guide grooves are facing and aligned with each other. The cam follower is disposed between the pair of grooved member such that one of the roller shaft ends is received in one guide groove and the opposite roller shaft end is received in the other of the guide groove. The roller shaft ends are slidable in a reciprocal axial direction within the elongated guide grooves and retained between the recessed surfaces. The plastic guide body may be injection molded from a nylon material having glass fibers.

A roller lifter includes a lifter body having a cylindrical peripheral wall with a sliding surface on an outer periphery thereof and a roller rotatably mounted via a shaft member on the lifter body and brought into contact with a cam. The sliding surface is reciprocally slid in a sliding hole of a lifter guide. The peripheral wall has a thicker part in a part thereof in a circumferential direction. The thicker part is shaped such that a thickening part is annexed to an outer wall part formed continuously with a constant thickness in the circumferential direction. The thicker part is formed with a rotation stopper bulging outward. The rotation stopper enters a guide groove communicating with the sliding hole of the lifter guide.

A fuel injector includes a fuel inlet; a fuel injector body; an outlet body having an upstream surface, a downstream surface, and an outlet aperture fluidly connecting the upstream surface to the downstream surface; and a valve assembly which controls flow through the outlet aperture. The outlet body includes a 2-dimensional matrix of cells on the downstream surface and includes a perimeter having a finder pattern and a timing pattern and also includes a field of unpopulated and populated cells within the perimeter which represent bits of data. The 2-dimensional matrix of cells orients the outlet body relative to the fuel injector body.

An internal combustion engine includes two intake openings, opened and closed by intake valves; exhaust openings opened and closed by exhaust valves; a fuel injector having a plurality of nozzle holes; and mask parts having wall surfaces extending along outer edges of the intake openings toward the inside of the combustion chamber. The fuel injector arranged wherein the nozzle holes are positioned at the opposite exhaust opening sides from the intake openings, and the plurality of nozzle holes include a first nozzle hole, injecting in a direction with the smallest angle from a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder. The wall surface formed wherein a height in a first nozzle hole ejection region positioned in a range of injection of a fuel spray from the first nozzle hole, when viewed in the axial direction, is lower than a height in the first nozzle hole ejection region.

Various embodiments include a holding component for securing a fuel injector to an injector cup comprising: a U-shaped holding element with two parallel supporting arms for engaging opposite sides of an annular groove in the fuel injector to secure the fuel injector in the injector cup; a base part; two resilient arms extending from the base part for engaging the outer surface of the injector cup; and a depending leg engageable in a corresponding receiving part on the fuel injector to accurately position the fuel injector angularly relative to the injector cup.

The invention relates to a high-pressure fuel pump (1), in particular of a common rail injection system of an internal combustion engine, having a pump cylinder head (3), having an intake valve (6) arranged in the pump cylinder head (3) in the direction of a pump cylinder axis, and a high-pressure fuel outlet (5) arranged laterally on the pump cylinder head (3), wherein a protective cap (10, 10a) at least partly covering the high-pressure fuel pump (1) is provided. According to the invention, a high-pressure fuel pump (1) having a protective cap (10, 10a) is provided, in which the protective cap (10, 10a) can be mounted without difficulty on an assembled high-pressure fuel pump (1). This is achieved in that a plug (8) having a lateral lead connection (9) is placed on the electrically operated intake valve (6), and the protective cap (1) is formed in two pieces and has two protective cap parts (11a,11b) that can be fitted to each other, or else in that a plug (8) having a lateral lead connection (9) is placed on the electrically operated intake valve (6), and the protective cap (10a) is formed annularly and has a free clearance slot (19) interrupting the ring.

The present invention provides a fuel pump capable of suppressing sticking of a plunger. The fuel pump of the present invention includes a plunger 2 that reciprocates, a cylinder 6 in which a guide hole 6a that guides the reciprocating motion of the plunger 2 extends in the axial direction, and a pump body 1 that holds the cylinder 6. The pump body 1 includes a cylinder insertion hole 1g into which the cylinder 6 is inserted, and a pressurizing chamber 11 that communicates with the cylinder insertion hole 1g and has a volume increased or decreased by the reciprocating motion of the plunger 2. The cylinder 6 includes a press-fitting portion 6b press-fitted into the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder insertion hole 1g, and a groove 6d formed at a position corresponding to the press-fitting portion 6b on the inner peripheral surface of the guide hole 6a.

A fuel injector assembly for an engine. The engine includes a cylinder head defining a through-hole. The fuel injector assembly includes an insert, having a first end and a second end, configured to be received within the through-hole and coupled to the cylinder head. The insert defines a bore extending from the first end to the second end. The fuel injector assembly further includes a fuel injector including a plurality of orifices, received within the bore of the insert; and a duct structure including a plurality of ducts, coupled to the insert such that the plurality of ducts align with the plurality of orifices to at least partially receive one or more fuel jets from the plurality of orifices of the fuel injector.