Surface modification control stations and methods in a globally distributed array for dynamically adjusting the atmospheric, terrestrial and oceanic properties. The control stations modify the humidity, currents, wind flows and heat removal rate of the surface and facilitate cooling and control of large area of global surface temperatures. This global system is made of arrays of multiple sub-systems that monitor climate and act locally on weather with dynamically generated local forcing & perturbations for guiding in a controlled manner aim at long-term modifications. The machineries are part of a large-scale system consisting of an array of many such machines put across the globe at locations called the control stations. These are then used in a coordinated manner to modify large area weather and the global climate as desired. The energy system installed at a control stations, with multiple machines to change the local parameters of the ocean, these stations are powered using renewable energy (RE) sources including Solar, Ocean Currents, Wind, Waves and Batteries to store energy and provide sufficient power and energy as required and available at all hours. This energy is then used to do directed work using special machines, that can be pumps for seawater to move ocean water either amplifying or changing the currents in various locations and at different depths, in addition it will have machineries for changing the vertical depth profile of the ocean of temperature, salinity and currents. Control stations will also directly use devices such as heat pumps to change the temperatures of local water either at surface or at controlled depths, or modify the humidity and salinity to change the atmospheric and oceanic properties as desired. The system will work in a globally coordinated manner applying artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms to learn from observations to improve the control characteristics and aim to slow down the rise of global surface temperatures. These systems are used to reduce the temperatures of coral reefs, arctic glaciers and south pacific to control the El Nino oscillations.

An offshore power generation structure comprising a submerged portion having a first deck portion comprising an integral multi-stage evaporator system, a second deck portion comprising an integral multi-stage condensing system, a third deck portion housing power generation equipment, cold water pipe; and a cold water pipe connection.

An offshore power generation structure comprising a submerged portion having a first deck portion comprising an integral multi-stage evaporator system, a second deck portion comprising an integral multi-stage condensing system, a third deck portion housing power generation equipment, cold water pipe; and a cold water pipe connection.

A submersible reverse osmosis desalination apparatus uses low temperature concentrate or brine from the desalination apparatus to provide a high volume cold liquid stream to an Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) heat engine. The OTEC engine also employs a warm liquid stream and uses the cold and warm liquid streams to obtain electrical power from a closed-cycle or open-cycle heat exchange and generator system. Use of the concentrate or brine stream provides a much greater liquid volume and much greater cold thermal energy content than would be obtained by using cold desalinated product water from the desalination apparatus in the OTEC heat engine.

A submersible reverse osmosis desalination apparatus uses low temperature concentrate or brine from the desalination apparatus to provide a high volume cold liquid stream to an Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) heat engine. The OTEC engine also employs a warm liquid stream and uses the cold and warm liquid streams to obtain electrical power from a closed-cycle or open-cycle heat exchange and generator system. Use of the concentrate or brine stream provides a much greater liquid volume and much greater cold thermal energy content than would be obtained by using cold desalinated product water from the desalination apparatus in the OTEC heat engine.

The invention discloses a power generating device and an operation method thereof based on ocean temperature difference, which belong to the field of ocean energy utilization, and include a negative thermal expansion body, a rope and a generator. The negative thermal expansion body is connected to the rope, and the rope is connected to the generator simultaneously. The negative thermal expansion body is in a contracted state when in the hotter upper seawater close to the sea surface, and the difference obtained by deducting buoyancy from gravity is relatively large. The negative thermal expansion body is in an expanded state when in colder deep seawater, and the difference obtained by deducting buoyancy from gravity is relatively small. The unbalanced force on the rope will drive the rope to move, and the generator will be driven to generate power through the rope.

The invention discloses a power generating device and an operation method thereof based on ocean temperature difference, which belong to the field of ocean energy utilization, and include a negative thermal expansion body, a rope and a generator. The negative thermal expansion body is connected to the rope, and the rope is connected to the generator simultaneously. The negative thermal expansion body is in a contracted state when in the hotter upper seawater close to the sea surface, and the difference obtained by deducting buoyancy from gravity is relatively large. The negative thermal expansion body is in an expanded state when in colder deep seawater, and the difference obtained by deducting buoyancy from gravity is relatively small. The unbalanced force on the rope will drive the rope to move, and the generator will be driven to generate power through the rope.

A submersible water desalination apparatus includes an array of generally parallel water separation membrane cartridges each having a water separation membrane, an impermeable cartridge wall surrounding the membrane, and a product water collection tube that collects from inside the cartridges at least partially desalinated product water passing through the membrane, and through which the at least partially desalinated water exits the cartridges and enters a product water collection manifold. The cartridges are mounted in a perforated divider plate. In embodiments, a) the manifold is adhesively bonded to a plurality of the collection tubes, orb) the divider plate is adhesively bonded to a plurality of the cartridge walls or ends, or both a) and b). The adhesive reduces the likelihood of leakage at the manifold or divider plate.

A submersible water desalination apparatus includes an array of generally parallel water separation membrane cartridges each having a water separation membrane, an impermeable cartridge wall surrounding the membrane, and a product water collection tube that collects from inside the cartridges at least partially desalinated product water passing through the membrane, and through which the at least partially desalinated water exits the cartridges and enters a product water collection manifold. The cartridges are mounted in a perforated divider plate. In embodiments, a) the manifold is adhesively bonded to a plurality of the collection tubes, orb) the divider plate is adhesively bonded to a plurality of the cartridge walls or ends, or both a) and b). The adhesive reduces the likelihood of leakage at the manifold or divider plate.

A submersible reverse osmosis desalination apparatus uses low temperature concentrate or brine from the desalination apparatus to provide a high volume cold liquid stream to an Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) heat engine. The OTEC engine also employs a warm liquid stream and uses the cold and warm liquid streams to obtain electrical power from a closed-cycle or open-cycle heat exchange and generator system. Use of the concentrate or brine stream provides a much greater liquid volume and much greater cold thermal energy content than would be obtained by using cold desalinated product water from the desalination apparatus in the OTEC heat engine.