A system for pumping and/or compressing fluids is provided. The system comprises a base, a motor, a cam configured to be rotated about an axis of rotation by the motor, and one or more cylinder piston arrangements. Each cylinder piston arrangement comprises a first member and a second member. The first member has a longitudinal axis and two ends. The first member is fixedly attached to the base. The second member is configured to be operatively coupled to the cam and to be movable along the longitudinal axis with respect to the first member and through at least of the two ends. The axis of rotation of the cam is parallel to the longitudinal axis about which the second member moves relative to the first member.

A hydro turbine with a runner unit allows adjusting the gap clearance downstream and between the runner end tip portion and the inner edge of the blades. This gap clearance may depend on the angular position of the runner blades.

A turbine assembly includes a shaft having an axis, a single cam with a cam profile and coupled to the shaft, and at least one foil coupled to the cam and having an axis. A variable pitch mechanism is coupled to at least one of the at least one foil or the single cam and is configured to adjust a position of the at least one foil while the at least one foil simultaneously rotates about the shaft. At least one of the shaft, the variable pitch mechanism, and the at least one foil is configured to be automatically actuated in a direction parallel to the axis of the shaft.

A turbine is provided, comprising a housing having a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, each in communication with an internal chamber formed within the housing. A rotor is mounted for rotation within the internal chamber. At least one paddle is pivotally mounted to the rotor for pivoting between an extended position in which the paddle extends substantially radially from the rotor for receiving pressure exerted by fluid moving through the housing and causing the rotor to rotate, and a retracted position in which the paddle does not extend from the rotor. A cam is provided in the internal chamber for moving the paddle from the extended position to the retracted position when, during rotation of the rotor, the paddle moves past the cam in the extended position. Magnetic biasing means may be used to bias the paddle in the extended or retracted position.

Provided is a power generation system capable of reducing an outer diameter of a wheel with which an arm mechanism is brought into contact after a rotational speed of a rotation body increases to a first value by applying a large torque to the rotation body until the rotational speed of the rotation body increases to the first value. A power generation system 1 of the present invention is a power generation system in which a cam member 7 is rotated by hydroelectric power or wind power to bring a cam 6 into contact with an arm mechanism 3 and to rotate the arm mechanism 3, and the arm mechanism 3 comes into contact with either of wheels 42 and 41 of a rotation body 44 during the rotation of the arm mechanism 3 to rotate the rotation body 44. The power generation system 1 includes operation control means for transitioning to an operation in a second mode in which the arm mechanism 3 is brought into contact with a small-diameter wheel 41 in response to an increase in a rotational speed of the rotation body 44 to a first value during an operation in the first mode in which the arm mechanism 3 is brought into contact with the large-diameter wheel 42, and transitioning to the operation in the first mode in response to a decrease in the rotational speed of the rotation body 44 to a second value during the operation in the second mode.

A water turbine assembly for installation in a water flow defining a flow direction, the assembly comprising: an array of blades that is rotatable by the water flow about a turbine axis, transverse to the flow direction, to describe a blade path surrounding the turbine axis, each of the blades being pivotable about a respective pitch axis, the pitch axes being distributed with mutual angular spacing along the blade path; and a cam formation positioned to be engaged with the blades while the blades traverse a first portion of the blade path and to be disengaged from the blades while the blades traverse a second portion of the blade path. As each blade traverses the first portion of the blade path, pivoting of the blade about its pitch axis is controlled by engagement with the cam formation. As each blade traverses the second portion of the blade path, the blade is pivotable about its pitch axis within a range of movement delimited by a respective pair of stop formations, the stop formations of each pair being angularly spaced in mutual opposition about the pitch axis of the associated blade.

A system for generating electricity using the earth's gravitational field for its motive force includes twin electricity generators. Each electricity generator includes a water tower that is vertically juxtaposed with a linear generator. A shuttle, when dropped from the top of a water tower accelerates for engagement with a linear generator at a constant engagement velocity. An electro-magnetic engagement between the shuttle and the linear generator provides the system's output. Its input is provided by a mechanical drive unit that reciprocatingly manipulates water levels in both of the water towers to drive the system.

A methodology for designing a machine to generate electricity using the forces of gravity and buoyancy is provided which generates an output sufficient to sustain the machine's operation and provide a remainder amount of electricity for commercial purposes. The machine has two independent electricity generating units. Output work, U.sub.o, for each generating unit is based on the kinetic energy of a buoyant shuttle falling under the influence of gravity, and each unit's input requirement, U.sub.i is based on the work required to manipulate a volume of water during shuttle transit through water tanks of the machine. The methodology is based on a pre-selected output power P.sub.o which is used to establish machine component configurations. The shuttle's kinetic energy is then compared to U.sub.i to evaluate the machine's operational efficiency.

A water turbine assembly for installation in a water flow defining a flow direction, the assembly comprising: an array of blades that is rotatable by the water flow about a turbine axis, transverse to the flow direction, to describe a blade path surrounding the turbine axis, each of the blades being pivotable about a respective pitch axis, the pitch axes being distributed with mutual angular spacing along the blade path; and a cam formation positioned to be engaged with the blades while the blades traverse a first portion of the blade path and to be disengaged from the blades while the blades traverse a second portion of the blade path. As each blade traverses the first portion of the blade path, pivoting of the blade about its pitch axis is controlled by engagement with the cam formation. As each blade traverses the second portion of the blade path, the blade is pivotable about its pitch axis within a range of movement delimited by a respective pair of stop formations, the stop formations of each pair being angularly spaced in mutual opposition about the pitch axis of the associated blade.