Methods and apparatus are for monitoring systems for hydrogen fueled aircraft. An example fuel distribution system distribution system includes a first hydrogen fuel tank, a first sensor associated with the first hydrogen fuel tank, a second sensor associated with the combustor, and a controller to determine a first rate of change in a first amount of hydrogen in the first hydrogen fuel tank based on a first input from the first sensor, determine a flow rate of hydrogen into the combustor based on a second input from the second sensor, determine an average mass loss rate based on the first rate of change and the flow rate and in response to determining the average mass loss rate satisfies a first threshold, determine a leak is present in the fuel distribution system.

The present disclosure provides a method for predicting a fluid type, comprising sensing, by a first sensor, mass flow data of a fluid in an engine, wherein the first sensor operates based on a first fluid property; sensing, by a second sensor, mass flow data of the fluid, wherein the second sensor operates based on a second fluid property; and detecting, by a logic circuit of a controller, a percent difference in the mass flow data provided by the first and second sensors, the percent difference indicating that the fluid is comprised of at least a first fluid type.

In a gas turbine system which includes a compressor for sucking and compressing air and an air supplying means for supplying the compressed air from the compressor to a combustor and a turbine and which drives a power generator through rotation of the turbine, a control apparatus includes a sensing unit and a compressed air control unit. The sensing unit measures a turbine inlet temperature indicating a temperature of combustion gas introduced into the turbine and measures an exhaust gas temperature indicating a temperature of exhaust gas discharged from the turbine. The compressed air control unit control the air supplying means to adjust the amount of compressed air supplied to the turbine, based on the measured turbine inlet temperature and the measured exhaust gas temperature. The control apparatus allows the combustor to completely combust fuel even in a low load state, thereby reducing the amount of harmful exhaust gas discharged to the atmosphere.

Disclosed is a blower controller for controlling a blower that supplies a pressurised airflow to an air conditioning pack of an aircraft. The blower controller comprises a pack flow demand adjustment module configured to receive a pack flow demand signal representative of a desired mass flow rate of an airflow supplied by the air conditioning pack, and a blower condition signal indicative of a condition of an intake airflow received by the blower, and determine an corrected pack flow demand based on the pack flow demand and the blower condition signal. The controller also includes a first control signal generator configured to receive the corrected pack flow demand and generate a first control signal to control a first operating parameter of the blower in response to the corrected pack flow demand. Also disclosed is an environmental control system for an aircraft, including the blower controller.

Systems and methods for conditionally performing engine operational tests for a turbine engine are provided. A system comprising at least one processor can be configured to obtain sensor data associated with at least one sensor for a turbine engine. The sensor data identifies a current fuel flow associated with the turbine engine. The system can determine a predicted fuel flow of the turbine engine based at least in part on the current fuel flow and a fuel flow reduction associated with an engine operational test. The system can compare the predicted fuel flow to at least one threshold. The system can selectively initiate the engine operational test based on comparing the predicted fuel flow to the at least one threshold.

A fuel device including a housing having at least one fuel channel configured to direct, meter, sense or pump fuel there through, and a characterization device coupled to the housing including a memory chip, wherein the memory chip includes measured performance data of the fuel channel.

A gas turbine engine, the engine including a core turbine engine forming a core flowpath, a rotatable first stage blade assembly in which a bypass airflow passage is formed downstream of the first stage blade assembly, and a shroud positioned at the bypass airflow passage radially outward of the core turbine engine, wherein a first flowpath is formed outward of the shroud at which a first portion of air is flowed, and wherein the shroud and the core turbine engine form a second flowpath therebetween, the core flowpath in fluid communication with the second flowpath to flow a mixture of a second portion of air and combustion gases in the second flowpath.

According to an aspect, a correction factor for a fuel flow of a fuel system of an engine is determined. A nominal fuel flow is determined based on a metering valve stroke. The correction factor is applied to the nominal fuel flow to produce an estimated fuel flow to control combustion in the engine.

A gas turbine engine has a core engine including: a compressor, combustion equipment which receives compressed air from the compressor, a circumferential row of nozzle guide vanes, and a turbine. The nozzle guide vanes defines a throat receiving hot working gases from the combustion equipment into the turbine. The gas turbine engine further has an air system which is switchably operable between an on-position which opens a diversion pathway along which a portion of the compressed air exiting the compressor bypasses the combustion equipment to join the hot working gases at re-entry holes located between the nozzle guide vanes and a rotor at the front of the turbine, thereby increasing the semi-dimensional mass flow ω(T30).sup.0.5/(P30) of the core engine at the exit of the compressor, and an off-position which closes the diversion pathway, thereby decreasing the semi-dimensional mass flow of the core engine at the exit of the compressor.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to simultaneously pumping and measuring density of an aircraft fuel. The aircraft fuel is pumped by a centrifugal pump having an impeller. A rotational frequency of the impeller is determined while the centrifugal pump is pumping the aircraft fuel. Flow rate of the aircraft fuel through the centrifugal pump is sensed. Pressure of the aircraft fuel is measured at two different points within or across the centrifugal pump or a differential pressure is measured between the two different points while the centrifugal pump is pumping the aircraft fuel. Density of the aircraft fuel is determined based on a head-curve relation characterizing the centrifugal pump. The head-curve relation relates the fuel density to the rotational frequency, the flow rate, and pressures at the two different points or the differential pressure between the two different points.